keras训练CIFAR10报错--ValueError: Error when checking target: expected dense_2 to have 2 dimensions

用keras训练CIFAR10时候，报以下错误：

ValueError: Error when checking target: expected dense_2 to have 2dimensions, but got array with shape (10000, 1, 10)

将y的shape打印出来后发现：
在这里插入图片描述
（前两行为原始的CIFAR10的尺寸，后两行为转为one-hot编码后的尺寸）
貌似原因在这里，将y转换为one-hot编码后，y都是三维的。
但是dense_2得到的输出是二维的。

维度信息不匹配。

将程序放到同学的电脑上跑时，得到的却是二维的。

((50000, 32, 32, 3), (50000, 1))
((10000, 32, 32, 3), (10000, 1))
((50000, 32, 32, 3), (50000, 10))
((10000, 32, 32, 3), (10000, 10))

说明程序没有问题，可能是我的环境存在小问题。
解决办法一：
在转换为one-hot编码之前,添加以下代码

y_train = y_train.reshape(y_train.shape[0])
y_test = y_test.reshape(y_test.shape[0])
print(x_train.shape,y_train.shape)
print(x_test.shape,y_test.shape)

问题得到解决。
在这里插入图片描述
解决办法二：
我的 kereas 版本是 2.1.0 ，版本太低，所以不支持直接转为one-hot,升级为2.1.2后，可以直接转为one-hot。
升级版本命令，

sudo pip install --upgrade keras==2.1.2

以下为程序全部代码：

import keras
from keras.datasets import cifar10
from keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Dense, Dropout, Activation, Flatten
from keras.layers import Conv2D, MaxPooling2D

(x_train,y_train),(x_test,y_test) = cifar10.load_data()
print(x_train.shape,y_train.shape)
print(x_test.shape,y_test.shape)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

y_train = y_train.reshape(y_train.shape[0])
y_test = y_test.reshape(y_test.shape[0])
print(x_train.shape,y_train.shape)
print(x_test.shape,y_test.shape)

x_train = x_train.astype('float32')
x_test = x_test.astype('float32')
x_train /= 255
x_test /= 255
y_train = keras.utils.to_categorical(y_train, 10)
y_test = keras.utils.to_categorical(y_test, 10)

print(x_train.shape,y_train.shape)
print(x_test.shape,y_test.shape)

model = Sequential()

model.add(Conv2D(filters=32,kernel_size=(3,3),
                 input_shape=(32, 32,3), 
                 activation='relu', 
                 padding='same'))
model.add(Dropout(rate=0.25))
model.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(2, 2))) # 16* 16y_test

model.add(Conv2D(filters=64, kernel_size=(3, 3), 
                 activation='relu', padding='same'))
model.add(Dropout(0.25))
model.add(MaxPooling2D(pool_size=(2, 2))) # 8 * 8

model.add(Flatten()) # FC1,64个8*8转化为1维向量
model.add(Dropout(rate=0.25))
model.add(Dense(1024, activation='relu')) # FC2 1024
model.add(Dropout(rate=0.25))
model.add(Dense(10, activation='softmax')) # Output 10

model.summary()

opt = keras.optimizers.rmsprop(lr=0.0001,decay=1e-6)

model.compile(loss='categorical_crossentropy',
             optimizer=opt,
             metrics=['accuracy'])

datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
    rotation_range = 20,
    zoom_range = 0.15,
    horizontal_flip = True,
)

model.fit_generator(datagen.flow(x_train,y_train,batch_size=64),steps_per_epoch = 1000,epochs = 2,validation_data=(x_test,y_test),workers=4,verbose=1)

model.save('cifar10_trained_model.h5')

scores = model.evaluate(x_test,y_test,verbose=1)
print('Test loss:',scores[0])
print('Test accuracy:',scores[1])

keras训练CIFAR10报错--ValueError: Error when checking target: expected dense_2 to have 2 dimensions

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