超简单的C语言贪吃蛇（附源码）

其他 2020-06-22 11:14:49 阅读次数: 0

所用知识：

  1. 一维数组的使用
  2. 结构体的使用
  3. 播放音乐函数的使用
  4. 电脑按键的检测
  5. 窗口光标坐标函数的使用

相关函数讲解

1.光标移动到某一指定坐标的函数

#include <windows.h>//坐标的API

void gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
	HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	COORD coord; //定义结构体coord (坐标系coord)
	coord.X = x; //横坐标x
	coord.Y = y; //纵坐标y
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, coord); //移动光标
}

2.kbhit按键检测函数

#include <conio.h>//按键

引用一下其他网友的解答：

#include <conio.h>
#include
using namespace std;
int main()
{
while(!kbhit()) //当没有键按下
{
cout<<“无键按下”<<endl;
}
cout<<“有键按下”<<endl; //有键按下时输出这
system(“pause”);
}
kbhit() 在执行时,检测是否有按键按下,有按下返回非0值，一般是1
没有按下返回0;是非阻塞函数
getch() 在执行时,检测按下什么键,如果不按键该函数不返回;是阻塞函数
类似地
在Tc2.0中有一个处理键盘输入的函数bioskey();
int bioskey(int cmd);
当cmd为1时，bioskey()检测是否有键按下。没有键按下时返回0；有键按下时返回按键码(
任何按键码都不为0)，但此时并不将检测到的按键码从键盘缓冲队列中清除。 是非阻塞参数。
当cmd为0时，bioskey()返回键盘缓冲队列中的按键码，并将此按键码从键盘缓冲队列中清
除。如果键盘缓冲队列为空，则一直等到有键按下，才将得到的按键码返回。是阻塞调用。
//个人理解kbhit()有点像bioskey(1)
具体搜索bioskey词条吧 ：）

3.playsound函数
引用一下这个函数的详细说明
所需头文件，顺序要这样子

#include <windows.h>//坐标的API
#include <MMSystem.h>
#pragma comment(lib,"winmm.lib")

在main函数里面使用，m1.wav为文件名，我放在跟cpp文件同目录下来了

PlaySound(L"m1.wav", NULL, SND_FILENAME | SND_ASYNC | SND_LOOP);//播放声音

基本要素

  1. 画地图（包含刚开始的画蛇和食物）
  2. 按键检测
  3. 产生食物
  4. 判断蛇的状态

代码

game.cpp

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <windows.h>//坐标的API
#include <conio.h>//按键
#include <time.h>//产生随机数要用到
#include"game.h"

SNAKE snake;//定义SNAKE 类型的snake，不可在.h文件中定义
FOOD food;//同上
int score = 0;//得分
char key = 'W';//键盘获得的方向
char tempkey = 'W';//当前蛇行进方向
bool changeflag = false;//用于有无吃到食物的标志

//到某一指定坐标的函数
void gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
	HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	COORD coord; //定义结构体coord (坐标系coord)
	coord.X = x; //横坐标x
	coord.Y = y; //纵坐标y
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, coord); //移动光标
}
//画地图
void drawmap()
{
	
	gotoxy(50, 8);
	printf("——游戏开始——");
	gotoxy(43, 10);
	printf("——切换键盘为大写字母模式——");
	gotoxy(51, 12);
	system("pause");

	system("CLS");
	for (int i = 0; i <= MAP_HIGHT; i++)
	{
		gotoxy(0, i);
		printf("■");
		gotoxy(MAP_WIDTH, MAP_HIGHT-i);//不同方向打印
		printf("■");
		Sleep(20);//有一个一个打印的延时效果
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < MAP_WIDTH; i += 2)
	{
		gotoxy(i, 0);
		printf("■");//占两个横坐标，一个纵坐标
		gotoxy(MAP_WIDTH - i, MAP_HIGHT);
		printf("■");
		Sleep(20);
	}
	//打印说明
	gotoxy(100, 7);
	printf("按键说明：");
	gotoxy(100, 10);
	printf("W:向上");
	gotoxy(100, 13);
	printf("A:向左");
	gotoxy(100, 16);
	printf("S:向下");
	gotoxy(100, 19);
	printf("D:向右");
	gotoxy(100, 22);
	printf("当前分数：%d", score);

	//初始画蛇头
	snake.x[0] = MAP_WIDTH / 2 +1;//蛇头的坐标必须是偶数，因为■横坐标是占了两节，不明白的话把1去掉试试效果
	snake.y[0] = MAP_HIGHT / 2;
	gotoxy(snake.x[0], snake.y[0]);
	printf("●");
	//打印蛇身，方向要与初始的方向一致
	for (int i = 1; i < snake.len; i++) {
		snake.x[i] = snake.x[0];
		snake.y[i] = snake.y[0] + i;
		gotoxy(snake.x[i], snake.y[i]);
		printf("●");
	}
	//初始画食物
	food.x = MAP_WIDTH / 4;
	food.y = MAP_HIGHT / 2;
	gotoxy(food.x, food.y);
	printf("◆");
}
void KeyDown()
{	//无按键操作
	if (_kbhit())
	{
		fflush(stdin);
		key = _getch();
		//当行进方向与按键方向相反时防止自杀现象
		if (key != 'w' && key != 'W' && key != 's' && key != 'S' && key != 'A' && key != 'a' && key != 'd' && key != 'D')
			key = tempkey;
		else {
			if (tempkey == 'w' || tempkey == 'W')
				if (key == 's' || key == 'S')
					key = tempkey;
			if (tempkey == 's' || tempkey == 'S')
				if (key == 'w' || key == 'W')
					key = tempkey;
			if (tempkey == 'a' || tempkey == 'A')
				if (key == 'D' || key == 'd')
					key = tempkey;
			if (tempkey == 'D' || tempkey == 'd')
				if (key == 'a' || key == 'A')
					key = tempkey;
			tempkey = key;//非wasd键
		}
	}
	if (!changeflag)
	{
		gotoxy(snake.x[snake.len-1 ], snake.y[snake.len-1 ]);//总共有len个蛇的身体单元●，因为数组，最后一个是len-1
		printf("  ");//没有吃到食物的时候要去最后把蛇尾擦除
	}
	else
	{
		snake.x[snake.len] = snake.x[snake.len - 1];//吃到食物后len+1
		snake.y[snake.len] = snake.y[snake.len - 1];
		snake.len++;
	}
	for (int i = snake.len - 1; i > 0; i--)
	{
		snake.x[i] = snake.x[i - 1];
		snake.y[i] = snake.y[i - 1];
	}
	switch (key)
	{
	case 'W':
	case 'w': snake.y[0]--; break;//注意gotoxy的坐标原点是左上角
	case 'S':
	case 's': snake.y[0]++; break;
	case 'A':
	case 'a': snake.x[0] -= 2; break;//占两个字符
	case 'D':
	case 'd': snake.x[0] += 2; break;
	default: break;
	}
	gotoxy(snake.x[0], snake.y[0]);
	printf("●");
	changeflag = false;
}
void CreatFood()
{
	//随机种子，产生随机数
	srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
	if (snake.x[0] == food.x&&snake.y[0] == food.y)//判断吃到食物
	{
		score++;
		gotoxy(100, 22);
		printf("当前分数：%d", score);//打印分数
		if (score % 10 == 0)
		{
			snake.speed -= 10;
		}
		while (1)
		{
			bool flag = 1;
			food.x = rand() % (MAP_WIDTH - 4) + 2;//减掉左右两列4个坐标，然后加上最左一列2个坐标就是宽了
			food.y = rand() % (MAP_HIGHT - 2) + 1;
			for (int i = 0; i < snake.len; i++)
			{
				if (food.x == snake.x[i] && food.y == snake.y[i])//食物不能出现在自己身上
				{
					flag = 0;
					break;
				}


			}
			if (flag&&food.x % 2 == 0)//食物x坐标要为偶数
			{
				break;
			}
		}

		gotoxy(food.x, food.y);
		printf("◆");
		changeflag = true;
	}

}
int SnakeState(void)
{
	//判断是否撞墙
	if (snake.x[0] == 0 || snake.x[0] == MAP_WIDTH || snake.y[0] == 0 || snake.y[0] == MAP_HIGHT)
		return false;
	for (int i = 1; i < snake.len; i++)
	{
		if (snake.x[0] == snake.x[i] && snake.y[0] == snake.y[i])
			return false;
	}
	return true;
}

game.h

#pragma once
#ifndef GAME_H
#define GAME_H

#define MAP_HIGHT 29
#define MAP_WIDTH 90
#define snake_max_len 200
#define snake_begin_len 3
#define snake_begin_speed 200

struct SNAKE
{
	int len = snake_begin_len;
	int x[snake_max_len];
	int y[snake_max_len];
	int speed = snake_begin_speed;
};
struct FOOD
{
	int x;
	int y;

};


extern SNAKE snake;
extern FOOD food;

extern int score;

void gotoxy(int x, int y);
void drawmap(void);
void KeyDown(void);
void CreatFood(void);
int SnakeState(void);
#endif // !GAME_H

main.cpp

#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>//坐标的API
#include <MMSystem.h>
#pragma comment(lib,"winmm.lib")
#include "game.h"

int main()
{
	PlaySound(L"m1.wav", NULL, SND_FILENAME | SND_ASYNC | SND_LOOP);//播放声音
	//隐藏光标
	HANDLE hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cci;
	GetConsoleCursorInfo(hOut, &cci);
	cci.bVisible = FALSE;
	SetConsoleCursorInfo(hOut, &cci);
	system("CLS");
	drawmap();
	while (1)
	{
		KeyDown();
		Sleep(snake.speed);
		CreatFood();
		if (SnakeState()==false)
		{
			break;
		}
	}
	
	system("CLS");
	gotoxy(50, 8);
	printf("——游戏结束——");
	gotoxy(52, 10);
	printf("你的分数为:%d\n", score);
	gotoxy(51, 12);

	
	
	
	system("pause");
	
	return 0;
}

效果图

在这里插入图片描述

一个.cpp文件的版本（差别不大）

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <windows.h>//坐标的API
#include <MMSystem.h>
#pragma comment(lib,"winmm.lib")
#include <conio.h>//按键
#include <time.h>

#define MAP_HIGHT 29
#define MAP_WIDTH 90
#define snake_max_len 200
#define snake_begin_len 3
#define snake_begin_speed 200
int score=0;//得分
char key = 'W';
char tempkey = 'W';
bool changeflag = false;
struct SNAKE
{
	int len= snake_begin_len;
	int x[snake_max_len];
	int y[snake_max_len];
	int speed = snake_begin_speed;
}snake;
struct FOOD
{
	int x;
	int y;

}food;
void gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
	HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	COORD coord; //定义结构体coord (坐标系coord)
	coord.X = x; //横坐标x
	coord.Y = y; //纵坐标y
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, coord); //移动光标
}
void drawmap()
{
	for (int i = 0; i <= MAP_HIGHT; i++)
	{
		gotoxy(0, i);
		printf("■");
		gotoxy(MAP_WIDTH, i);
		printf("■");
		Sleep(20);
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < MAP_WIDTH; i+=2)
	{
		gotoxy(i, 0);
		printf("■");
		gotoxy(MAP_WIDTH -i, MAP_HIGHT);
		printf("■");
		Sleep(20);
	}
		gotoxy(100, 7);
		printf("按键说明：");
		gotoxy(100, 10);
		printf("W:向上");
		gotoxy(100, 13);
		printf("A:向左");
		gotoxy(100, 16);
		printf("S:向下");
		gotoxy(100, 19);
		printf("D:向右");
		gotoxy(100, 22);
		printf("当前分数：%d", score);
	
		//画蛇
		
		snake.x[0] = MAP_WIDTH/2+1;//偶数
		snake.y[0] = MAP_HIGHT/2;

		gotoxy(snake.x[0], snake.y[0]);
		printf("●");
		for (int i = 1; i < snake.len; i++) {
			snake.x[i] = snake.x[0];
			snake.y[i] = snake.y[0] + i;
			gotoxy(snake.x[i], snake.y[i]);
			printf("●");
		}
		//画食物
		food.x = MAP_WIDTH / 4;
		food.y = MAP_HIGHT / 2;
		gotoxy(food.x, food.y);
		printf("◆");
}
void KeyDown()
{	//无按键操作
	if (_kbhit())
	{
		fflush(stdin);
		key = _getch();
		if (key != 'w' && key != 'W' && key != 's' && key != 'S' && key != 'A' && key != 'a' && key != 'd' && key != 'D') 	
				key = tempkey;
		else {
			if (tempkey == 'w' || tempkey == 'W')
				if (key == 's' || key == 'S')
					key = tempkey;
			if (tempkey == 's' || tempkey == 'S')
				if (key == 'w' || key == 'W')
					key = tempkey;
			if (tempkey == 'a' || tempkey == 'A')
				if (key == 'D' || key == 'd')
					key = tempkey;
			if (tempkey == 'D' || tempkey == 'd')
				if (key == 'a' || key == 'A')
					key = tempkey;
			tempkey = key;//非wasd键
		}
	}
	if (!changeflag)
	{
		gotoxy(snake.x[snake.len-1], snake.y[snake.len - 1]);
		printf("  ");
	}
	else
	{
		snake.x[snake.len] = snake.x[snake.len-1];
		snake.y[snake.len] = snake.y[snake.len-1];
		snake.len++;
	}
	for (int i = snake.len-1; i >0; i--)
	{
		snake.x[i] = snake.x[i - 1];
		snake.y[i] = snake.y[i - 1];
	}
	switch (key)
	{
	case 'W':
	case 'w': snake.y[0]--; break;
	case 'S':
	case 's': snake.y[0]++; break;
	case 'A':
	case 'a': snake.x[0]-=2; break;//占两个字符
	case 'D':
	case 'd': snake.x[0]+=2; break;
	default: break;
	}
	gotoxy(snake.x[0], snake.y[0]);
	printf("●");
	changeflag = false;
}
void CreatFood()
{
	srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
	if (snake.x[0]==food.x&&snake.y[0] == food.y)
	{
		//PlaySound(L"m2.wav", NULL, SND_FILENAME | SND_ASYNC | SND_LOOP);
		score++;
		gotoxy(100, 22);
		printf("当前分数：%d", score);//打印分数
		if (score%15==0)
		{
			snake.speed -= 20;
		}
		while (1)
		{
			bool flag = 1;
			food.x = rand() % (MAP_WIDTH - 4) + 2;
			food.y = rand() % (MAP_HIGHT - 2) + 1;
			for (int i = 0; i < snake.len; i++)
			{
				if (food.x ==snake.x[i] && food.y == snake.y[i])
				{
					flag = 0;
					break;
				}
				

			}
			if (flag&&food.x % 2 == 0)
			{
				break;
			}
		}

		gotoxy(food.x, food.y);
		printf("◆");
		changeflag = true;
	}
	
}
int SnakeState(void)
{
	if (snake.x[0] == 0 || snake.x[0] == MAP_WIDTH || snake.y[0] == 0 || snake.y[0] == MAP_HIGHT)
		return false;
	for (int  i = 1; i < snake.len; i++)
	{
		if (snake.x[0] == snake.x[i] && snake.y[0] == snake.y[i])
			return false;
	}
	return true;
}
int main()
{
	PlaySound(L"m1.wav", NULL, SND_FILENAME | SND_ASYNC | SND_LOOP);
	//隐藏光标
	HANDLE hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cci;
	GetConsoleCursorInfo(hOut, &cci);
	cci.bVisible = FALSE;
	SetConsoleCursorInfo(hOut, &cci);
	system("CLS");
	drawmap();
	while (1)
	{
		KeyDown();
		Sleep(snake.speed);
		CreatFood();
		if (SnakeState()==false)
		{
			break;
		}
	}
	
	system("CLS");
	gotoxy(50, 8);
	printf("——游戏结束——");
	gotoxy(52, 10);
	printf("你的分数为%d\n", score);
	

	
	
	
	system("pause");
	
	return 0;
}

单文件没有详细的讲解，讲解看看多文件版本。

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