linux下PG-PostgreSQL数据库安装以及客户装安装远程连接(图文超详细版一)

PostgreSql服务端安装及客户端安装

1. 解压文件
   tar jxvf postgresql-9.4.4.tar.bz2
   
2. 安装并创建用户
   因为postgresql不能用root 用户启动，需要为他重新新建一个用户
   创建用户：
   useradd pg944
   
   
   进入下载目录
   提前安装所有依赖包：
   yum -y install readline*
   yum -y install readline-devel*
   yum -y install zlib-devel*
   编译，设置安装目录
   ./configure --prefix=/home/pg944/pgsql

完成后执行：
gmake world


gmake install-world


3. 初始化数据库相关配置
1）首先修改Linux内核相关参数调整
vi /etc/sysctl.conf

在最下面加上
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 50100 64128000 50100 1280
fs.file-max = 7672460
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

在最下面加上：

• soft nofile 131072
• hard nofile 131072
• soft nproc 131072
• hard nproc 131072
• soft core unlimited
• hard core unlimited
• soft memlock 50000000
• hard memlock 50000000
  

4. 设置防护墙
   -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp–dport 1999 -j ACCEPT
5. 初始化postgresql 用户的相关配置
   su - pg944
   1）添加环境变量
   vi ~/.bash_profile
   加上：
   export PGPORT=1999
   export PGDATA=/home/pg944/pg_root
   export LANG=en_US.utf8
   export PGHOME=/home/pg944/pgsql
   export LD_LIBRARY_PATH= $PGHOME/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64:/usr/local/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
   export DATE=date +"%Y%m%d%H%M"
   export PATH= $PGHOME/bin:$PATH:.
   export MANPATH= $PGHOME/share/man:$MANPATH
   export PGUSER=postgres
   export PGHOST=$PGDATA
   alias rm=‘rm -i’
   alias ll=‘ls -lh’
   export PGDATABASE=postgres
   
   保存配置：
   source ~/.bash_profile
6. 初始化数据库
   initdb -D $PGDATA -E UTF8 --locale=C -U postgres -W
   
   密码：postgres
7. 验证
   
8. 修改访问配置
   cd $PGDATA 启动数据库前修改一下$PGDATA下面的pg_hba.conf和postgresql.conf
   pg_hba.conf用于配置控制访问数据库的来源
   这里为了方便设置对所有地址开放，很不安全
   

改成

postgresql.conf是数据库的主配置文件，调整一下Linux内核参数
vi postgresql.conf
listen_addresses = ‘0.0.0.0’
max_connections = 100
superuser_reserved_connections = 10
unix_socket_directory = ‘.’
unix_socket_permissions = 0700
tcp_keepalives_idle = 60
tcp_keepalives_interval = 10
tcp_keepalives_count = 6
shared_buffers = 512MB
maintenance_work_mem = 512MB
max_stack_depth = 8MB
vacuum_cost_delay = 10ms
vacuum_cost_limit = 10000 # 1-10000 credits
bgwriter_delay = 10ms
wal_level = hot_standby
wal_buffers = 16384kB
checkpoint_segments = 32
checkpoint_timeout = 5min
archive_mode = off
archive_command = ‘/bin/date’ # ‘cp %p/arch/%f’
max_wal_senders = 32
hot_standby = on
random_page_cost = 2.0
effective_cache_size = 12000MB
log_destination = ‘csvlog’
logging_collector = on
log_directory = ‘pg_log’ #这里建议做修改，但得提前建好目录，并设置权限
log_truncate_on_rotation = on
log_rotation_age = 1d
log_rotation_size = 10MB
log_min_duration_statement = 1s
log_checkpoints = on
log_lock_waits = on
deadlock_timeout = 1s
log_connections = on
log_disconnections = on
log_error_verbosity = verbose
log_statement = ‘ddl’
track_activity_query_size = 2048
autovacuum = on
log_autovacuum_min_duration = 0
9. 启动数据库服务
pg_ctl start

关闭：
pg_ctl stop

10. 通过psql 命令登录数据库
psql -h 192.168.1.136 -p 1999 -U postgres
本机:127.0.0.1

到此pg数据库就安装完成了下篇文章介绍客户端连pg数据库

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linux下PG-PostgreSQL数据库安装以及客户装安装远程连接(图文超详细版二)