Android的ArrayAdapter、SimpleAdapter、BaseAdapter与ListView的使用

工程目录：

MainActivity

package com.example.demo_four;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{
    ListView listView;
    Button btn1,btn2,btn3;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        listView=findViewById(R.id.listView);
        btn1=findViewById(R.id.btn1);
        btn2=findViewById(R.id.btn2);
        btn3=findViewById(R.id.btn3);
        btn1.setOnClickListener(this);
        btn2.setOnClickListener(this);
        btn3.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        int se=v.getId();
        switch(se){
            case R.id.btn1:
                List<String> data1=new ArrayList<String>();
                data1.add("北京");
                data1.add("上海");
                data1.add("武汉");
                final ArrayAdapter<String> adapter1=new ArrayAdapter<String>(
                        MainActivity.this,
                        R.layout.item_layout1,
                        R.id.tv,
                        data1
                );
                listView.setAdapter(adapter1);
                listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener(){
                    @Override
                    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
                        String mess=adapter1.getItem(position)+"";
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, mess, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                });
                break;
            case R.id.btn2:
                List<Map<String,Object>> data2=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
                Map<String,Object> listItem1=new HashMap<String,Object>();
                listItem1.put("id",1);
                listItem1.put("name","张三");
                listItem1.put("salary",5000);
                data2.add(listItem1);
                Map<String,Object> listItem2=new HashMap<String,Object>();
                listItem2.put("id",2);
                listItem2.put("name","李四");
                listItem2.put("salary",5800);
                data2.add(listItem2);
                Map<String,Object> listItem3=new HashMap<String,Object>();
                listItem3.put("id",3);
                listItem3.put("name","王五");
                listItem3.put("salary",5500);
                data2.add(listItem3);
                final SimpleAdapter adapter2=new SimpleAdapter(
                        MainActivity.this,
                        data2,
                        R.layout.item_layout2,
                        new String[]{
                                "id",
                                "name",
                                "salary"
                        },
                        new int[]{
                                R.id.tv1,
                                R.id.tv2,
                                R.id.tv3
                        }
                );
                listView.setAdapter(adapter2);
                listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener(){
                    @Override
                    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
                        Map<String,Object> rec=(Map<String,Object>)adapter2.getItem(position);
                        String result=" "+position+" "+rec.get("id")+" "+rec.get("name")+" "+rec.get("salary");
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, result, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                });
                break;
            case R.id.btn3:
                String[] names=new String[]{
                        "弄玉",
                        "李清照",
                        "李白"
                };
                String[] descs=new String[]{
                        "一个擅长音乐的女孩",
                        "一个擅长文学的女性",
                        "浪漫主义诗人"
                };
                int[] imageIds=new int[]{
                        R.drawable.nongyu,
                        R.drawable.liqingzhao,
                        R.drawable.libai
                };
                final List<Map<String,Object>> data3=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
                for(int i=0;i<names.length;i++){
                    Map<String,Object> listItem=new HashMap<String,Object>();
                    listItem.put("header",imageIds[i]);
                    listItem.put("personName",names[i]);
                    listItem.put("desc",descs[i]);
                    data3.add(listItem);
                }
                final BaseAdapter adapter3=new BaseAdapter(){
                    @Override
                    public int getCount() {
                        return data3.size();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public Object getItem(int position) {
                        return data3.get(position);
                    }

                    @Override
                    public long getItemId(int position) {
                        return position;
                    }

                    @Override
                    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
                        View item=View.inflate(getApplicationContext(),R.layout.item_layout3,null);
                        ImageView header=item.findViewById(R.id.header);
                        TextView name=item.findViewById(R.id.name);
                        TextView desc=item.findViewById(R.id.desc);
                        Map<String,Object> p=data3.get(position);
                        header.setImageResource((int)p.get("header"));
                        name.setText(p.get("personName")+"");
                        desc.setText(p.get("desc")+"");
                        return item;
                    }
                };
                listView.setAdapter(adapter3);
                listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener(){
                    @Override
                    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
                        Map<String,Object> p=(Map<String,Object>)adapter3.getItem(position);
                        String result=p.get("personName")+"";
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, result, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                });
                break;

        }
    }
}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn1"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textAllCaps="false"
            android:text="ArrayAdapter" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn2"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textAllCaps="false"
            android:text="SimpleAdapter" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn3"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textAllCaps="false"
            android:text="BaseAdapter" />

        <ListView
            android:id="@+id/listView"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent" />
    </LinearLayout>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

item_layout1.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="TextView" />
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

item_layout2.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv1"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="TextView" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv2"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="TextView" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv3"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="TextView" />
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

item_layout3.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="horizontal">

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/header"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:maxWidth="80sp"
            android:maxHeight="80sp"
            tools:srcCompat="@tools:sample/avatars" />

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:orientation="vertical">

            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/name"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="TextView" />

            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/desc"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="TextView" />
        </LinearLayout>

    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

演示：