Backgroud
公司买的国科云的服务器,服务器自带50G存储空间,然后又挂载了4TB的硬盘,现在需要对这4TB的空间进行分区格式化,然后加入到我们现有的逻辑卷中,我们才能使用这4TB的空间,操作记录如下:
查看硬盘挂载情况
sdb
为挂载的硬盘
[root@Cloud01 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 50G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 49G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 41G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 8G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 3.9T 0 disk
1 对/dev/sdb
进行分区——parted
注意:2T以下的用
fdisk
,超过2T的硬盘要使用parted
分区,因为传统的fdisk
命令无法支持gpt
分区方式,GPT
的分区表很好了解决了传统MBR无法逾越2TB的限制(MBR
和GPT
:两种基本分区方式)
1.1 进去parted
分区命令
[root@Cloud01 ~]# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 3.1
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted)
1.2 将磁盘格式变成gpt
的格式
(parted) mklabel gpt
1.3 查看磁盘上原有的分区
(parted) p
Model: QEMU QEMU HARDDISK (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 4295GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: loop
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Flags
1 0.00B 4295GB 4295GB ext3
1.4 将原有的分区删掉
(parted) rm 1
1.5 设置单位为TB (可选:MB,GB,TB)
(parted) unit TB
1.6 创建分区
(parted) mkpart primary 0 4.29
1.7 查看分区
(parted) p
1.8 退出(分区会自动保存)
(parted) q
1.9 格式化已经分好的区
[root@Cloud01 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
1.10 查看分区
[root@Cloud01 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 50G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 49G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 41G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 8G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 3.9T 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 3.9T 0 part
2 把新的分区添加到已有的LVM组,实现扩容
2.1 进入lvm
管理
[root@Cloud01 ~]# lvm
2.2 初始化刚才的分区
lvm> pvcreate /dev/sdb1
WARNING: ext4 signature detected on /dev/sdb1 at offset 1080. Wipe it? [y/n]: y
Wiping ext4 signature on /dev/sdb1.
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
2.3 查看卷和卷组
注意:这里要记下
VG Name
,这里为centos
lvm> vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <49.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 12543
Alloc PE / Size 12542 / 48.99 GiB
Free PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB
VG UUID DW27Vv-y1GY-pFVB-0BBz-TSlT-AXnY-n70wtL
2.4 初始化刚才的分区
lvm> vgextend centos /dev/sdb1
Volume group "centos" successfully extended
2.5 查看卷和卷组
注意:这里要记下
Free PE / Size
,这里为1024000 / <3.91 TiB
lvm> vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 3.95 TiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 1036542
Alloc PE / Size 12542 / 48.99 GiB
Free PE / Size 1024000 / <3.91 TiB
VG UUID DW27Vv-y1GY-pFVB-0BBz-TSlT-AXnY-n70wtL
2.6 扩展已有卷的容量
注意:后边的目录参数
/dev/mapper/centos-root
可以通过df
命令查看,就是你要扩展的目录
lvm> lvextend -l +1024000 /dev/mapper/centos-root
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 41.00 GiB (10496 extents) t o <3.95 TiB (1034496 extents).
Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
2.7 查看卷容量
lvm> pvdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 5
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 3.95 TiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 1036542
Alloc PE / Size 1036542 / 3.95 TiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID DW27Vv-y1GY-pFVB-0BBz-TSlT-AXnY-n70wtL
2.8 退出lvm
管理
lvm> quit
Exiting.
[root@Cloud01 ~]#
3 文件系统扩容
以上只是卷扩容了,还要对文件系统实现真正扩容
3.1 查看原来的磁盘空间
[root@Cloud03 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 41G 1011M 40G 3% /
devtmpfs 63G 0 63G 0% /dev
tmpfs 63G 0 63G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 63G 8.8M 63G 1% /run
tmpfs 63G 0 63G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 145M 870M 15% /boot
tmpfs 13G 0 13G 0% /run/user/0
3.2 Centos7使用XFS
[root@Cloud01 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root
3.3 Centos6使用resize2fs
[root@Cloud01 ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/centos-root
3.4 查看新的磁盘空间
[root@Cloud03 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 4.0T 1.1G 4.0T 1% /
devtmpfs 63G 0 63G 0% /dev
tmpfs 63G 0 63G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 63G 8.8M 63G 1% /run
tmpfs 63G 0 63G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 145M 870M 15% /boot
tmpfs 13G 0 13G 0% /run/user/0