一、下载官方安装包和依赖包
官网选择包https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
[11:45:41 root@yp mysql] yum -y install libaio perl-Data-Dumper autoconf lvm2 ncurses-compat-libs
二、创建用户和组
groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
useradd -r -g 306 -u 306 -d /data/mysql mysql
三、准备目录（建议使用逻辑卷，方便扩容）
[10:31:09 root@yp ~] lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 2G 0 part /boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 100G 0 part /
├─sda3 8:3 0 2G 0 part [SWAP]
├─sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part
└─sda5 8:5 0 50G 0 part /data
sr0 11:0 1 6.7G 0 rom
# 创建逻辑卷
[10:38:56 root@yp ~]#fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 200 GiB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x1f83e643
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 2048 4196351 4194304 2G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 4196352 213911551 209715200 100G 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 213911552 218105855 4194304 2G 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 218105856 419430399 201324544 96G 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 218107904 322965503 104857600 50G 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n
All primary partitions are in use.
Adding logical partition 6
First sector (322967552-419430399, default 322967552):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{
K,M,G,T,P} (322967552-419430399, default 419430399): +30G
Created a new partition 6 of type 'Linux' and of size 30 GiB.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 200 GiB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x1f83e643
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 2048 4196351 4194304 2G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 4196352 213911551 209715200 100G 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 213911552 218105855 4194304 2G 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 218105856 419430399 201324544 96G 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 218107904 322965503 104857600 50G 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 322967552 385882111 62914560 30G 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-6, default 6):
Hex code (type L to list all codes): L
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden or c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi ea Rufus alignment
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD eb BeOS fs
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ee GPT
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f1 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f4 SpeedStor
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ f2 DOS secondary
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fb VMware VMFS
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fc VMware VMKCORE
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fd Linux raid auto
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bc Acronis FAT32 L fe LANstep
1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 200 GiB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x1f83e643
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 2048 4196351 4194304 2G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 4196352 213911551 209715200 100G 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 213911552 218105855 4194304 2G 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 218105856 419430399 201324544 96G 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 218107904 322965503 104857600 50G 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 322967552 385882111 62914560 30G 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.
[10:41:20 root@yp ~]#lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 2G 0 part /boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 100G 0 part /
├─sda3 8:3 0 2G 0 part [SWAP]
├─sda4 8:4 0 1K 0 part
├─sda5 8:5 0 50G 0 part /data
└─sda6 8:6 0 30G 0 part
sr0 11:0 1 6.7G 0 rom
改为物理卷并改名
[10:41:24 root@yp ~] pvcreate /dev/sda6
[10:41:24 root@yp ~] vgcreate vg0 /dev/sda6
创建逻辑卷百分百使用空间
[10:41:24 root@yp ~] lvcreate -n mysql -l 100%free vg0
[10:52:24 root@yp ~]lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
mysql vg0 -wi-a----- <30.00g
创建文件系统
[10:53:46 root@yp ~] mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg0/mysql
mke2fs 1.44.3 (10-July-2018)
/dev/vg0/mysql contains a ext4 file system
created on Tue Sep 22 10:53:38 2020
Proceed anyway? (y,N) y
Creating filesystem with 7863296 4k blocks and 1966080 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 067f58b0-2cb4-44ee-b0b5-47c09606c4b3
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
持久保存挂载
[10:53:46 root@yp ~] blkid /dev/vg0/mysql
[10:53:46 root@yp ~] vi /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Aug 13 17:23:08 2020
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
UUID=f198db62-985b-46b9-bc19-9a762da1f5bd / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=6c095799-00b1-4151-82d8-cfe54e79949c /boot ext4 defaults 1 2
UUID=5ed8a664-ac3b-4bf1-8011-ed795e6de26b /data xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=95fa678a-9d8a-4847-a51f-f1cb7062a13f swap swap defaults 0 0
UUID=067f58b0-2cb4-44ee-b0b5-47c09606c4b3 /data/mysql ext4 defaults 0 0
[11:01:10 root@yp ~] mkdir /data/mysql
[11:01:16 root@yp ~] mount -a
[11:02:01 root@yp ~] df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 385M 0 385M 0% /dev
tmpfs 400M 0 400M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 400M 11M 389M 3% /run
tmpfs 400M 0 400M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda2 100G 3.4G 97G 4% /
/dev/sda5 50G 390M 50G 1% /data
/dev/sda1 2.0G 123M 1.7G 7% /boot
tmpfs 80M 0 80M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/vg0-mysql 30G 45M 28G 1% /data/mysql
修改所有者和组
[11:04:29 root@yp ~] ll /data/mysql/
total 16
drwx------. 2 root root 16384 Sep 22 10:54 lost+found
[11:06:41 root@yp ~] chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/
[11:06:52 root@yp ~] ll /data/mysql/
total 16
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 16384 Sep 22 10:54 lost+found
四、准备程序文件
解压缩
[11:09:07 root@yp ~] tar xvf mysql-5.6.48-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
名字必须为mysql才可使用，所以创建软连接
[11:09:33 root@yp ~] cd /usr/local/
[11:09:36 root@yp local] ln -s mysql-5.6.48-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
[11:11:02 root@yp local] ls -l mysql
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 36 Sep 22 11:10 mysql -> mysql-5.6.48-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
修改权限文件
[11:11:29 root@yp local] pwd
/usr/local
[11:12:48 root@yp local] chown -R root.root mysql/
五、准备配置文件
[14:59:24 root@yp ~] cp -b /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[14:59:24 root@yp ~] cat >> /etc/my.cnf << EOF
datadir=/data/mysql #定义数据库存放路径
innodb_file_per_table = on
skip_name_resolve = on #禁止主机名解析，建议使用
EOF
六、创建数据库文件
[14:03:31 root@yp mysql] pwd
/usr/local/mysql
[14:05:15 root@yp mysql] ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql
Installing MySQL system tables...2020-09-22 14:05:19 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-09-22 14:05:19 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.
2020-09-22 14:05:19 0 [Note] ./bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.48) starting as process 13228 ...
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.48 started; log sequence number 0
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] RSA private key file not found: /data/mysql//private_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work.
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] RSA public key file not found: /data/mysql//public_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work.
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] Binlog end
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2020-09-22 14:05:19 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13228 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977
OK
Filling help tables...2020-09-22 14:05:21 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-09-22 14:05:21 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.
2020-09-22 14:05:21 0 [Note] ./bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.48) starting as process 13250 ...
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.48 started; log sequence number 1625977
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] RSA private key file not found: /data/mysql//private_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work.
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] RSA public key file not found: /data/mysql//public_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work.
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] Binlog end
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2020-09-22 14:05:21 13250 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2020-09-22 14:05:23 13250 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h yp.localdomain password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
./bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
http://www.mysql.com
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
WARNING: Found existing config file ./my.cnf on the system.
Because this file might be in use, it was not replaced,
but was used in bootstrap (unless you used --defaults-file)
and when you later start the server.
The new default config file was created as ./my-new.cnf,
please compare it with your file and take the changes you need.
[14:08:42 root@yp mysql] rm -r /data/mysql/lost+found ;ls -l /data/mysql/
rm: remove directory '/data/mysql/lost+found'? y
total 110604
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Sep 22 14:05 ibdata1
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Sep 22 14:05 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Sep 22 14:05 ib_logfile1
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Sep 22 14:05 mysql
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Sep 22 14:05 performance_schema
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Sep 22 14:05 test
七、准备服务脚本并启动
[14:19:13 root@yp] cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[14:22:39 root@yp init.d] service mysqld start
八、添加PATH路径
[14:22:39 root@yp init.d] echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[14:26:12 root@yp init.d] . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
九、安全初始化
[15:14:30 root@yp ~] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
... Success!
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
... Success!
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MySQL!
Cleaning up...
十、开机自启
[15:22:07 root@yp ~] echo '/etc/init.d/mysqld start' >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[15:22:07 root@yp ~] chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local