摘要

Most existing work
- focused on either accelerating a single operator (e.g., a join)
- in data reduction along the data path (e.g., from disk to CPU)

啥叫data reduction啊？？？

we focus
- the system aspects of
- accelerating a relational engine in hybrid CPU-FPGA architectures
Centaur
- a framework running on the FPGA
- allows
  - dynamic allocation of FPGA operators to query plans
  - pipelining these operators among themselves when needed
  - 在这些算子之间还搞起了流水化呀？
  - 牛逼了你，還能在這些操作符之間流水化他們！
- the hybrid execution of operator pipelines running on the CPU and the FPGA
  - 这特么啥意思！
compatible with
- relational engines
- as we demonstrate through its seamless integration with MonetDB
- a column store database

a realistic solution for accelerating SQL
- compatible with existing database architectures
the possibilities for further exploration of FPGA based data processing

INTRODUCTION

the scope of operators and data types in relational databases is limited
The operators are defined by SQL
- the data can only be stored in basic and well defined data types
database engines are able to highly optimize the operator implementations for each data type
and CPU architecture.
most database operators have
- low computational complexity
the rise in data sizes leads to new challenges and opportunities

complex analytics operations
- ML
- statistics
- 图分析
traditional databases
- not perform well on these complex operators and data types
accelerators offer an alternative way
- implement such complex functionality in databases
how to integrate an accelerator like an FPGA in a database engine

Databases are throughput oriented,
- processing thousands to several hundred thousand queries per second.
the type of operators potentially offloaded to the FPGA are
constantly changing.

数据库是以吞吐量为中心的哦！！！

database engine should
- be able to
- run hybrid queries combining FPGA and CPU operators
- in any order to harness the benefits of
  - both FPGA accelerators and highly optimized CPU operators