Spring Cloud Netflix Eureka学习

编程语言 2020-12-14 14:09:26 阅读次数: 0

Spring Cloud Netflix Eureka

传统的服务治理

通讯协议

XML-RPC -> XML 方法描述、方法参数 -> WSDL（WebServices 定义语言）

WebServices -> SOAP（HTTP、SMTP） -> 文本协议（头部分、体部分）

REST -> 通常是JSON/XML( Schema ：类型、结构) -> 文本协议（HTTP Header、Body）

W3C Schema ：xsd:string 原子类型，自定义自由组合原子类型

Java POJO : int、String

Response Header -> Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8

Dubbo：Hession、 Java Serialization（二进制），跨语言不变，一般通过 Client（Java、C++）

二进制的性能是非常好（字节流，免去字符流（字符编码），免去了字符解释，机器友好、对人不友好）

序列化：把编程语言数据结构转换成字节流、反序列化：字节流转换成编程语言的数据结构（原生类型的组合）

Eureka服务端

第一步：先是pom.xml相关引用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <groupId>com.lawt</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-cloud-eureka-server-demo</artifactId>
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <packaging>jar</packaging>
 <name>spring-cloud-eureka-server-demo</name>
 <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
 <parent>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  <version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
  <relativePath/>
 </parent>
 <properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  <spring-cloud.version>Dalston.SR4</spring-cloud.version>
 </properties>
 <dependencies>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
 </dependencies>
 <dependencyManagement>
  <dependencies>
   <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
    <type>pom</type>
    <scope>import</scope>
   </dependency>
  </dependencies>
 </dependencyManagement>
 <build>
  <plugins>
   <plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
   </plugin>
  </plugins>
 </build>
</project>

第二步：启动类SpringCloudEurekaServerApplication

package com.lawt;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class SpringCloudEurekaServerApplication {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudEurekaServerApplication.class, args);
 }
}

第三步：配置修改application.properties


### Eureka Server 应用名称
spring.application.name = spring-cloud-eureka-server
### Eureka Server 服务端口
server.port= 9090
### 取消服务器自我注册
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
### 注册中心的服务器，没有必要再去检索服务
eureka.client.fetch-registry = false
## Eureka Server 服务 URL,用于客户端注册
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=\
  http://localhost:${server.port}/eureka

启动 SpringCloudEurekaServerApplication

启动成功后访问http://localhost:9090/


到此，Eureka的服务端就启动完毕。

Eureka客户端

创建provider

父pom.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <groupId>com.lawt</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-cloud-eureka-client-demo</artifactId>
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <!-- 创建三个module-->
 <modules>
  <module>user-api</module>
  <module>user-service-consumer</module>
  <module>user-service-provider</module>
 </modules>
 <packaging>pom</packaging>
 <name>spring-cloud-eureka-client-demo</name>
 <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
 <parent>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  <version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
  <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
 </parent>
 <properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  <spring-cloud.version>Dalston.SR4</spring-cloud.version>
 </properties>
 <dependencies>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
 </dependencies>
 <dependencyManagement>
  <dependencies>
   <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
    <type>pom</type>
    <scope>import</scope>
   </dependency>
  </dependencies>
 </dependencyManagement>
 <build>
  <plugins>
   <plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
   </plugin>
  </plugins>
 </build>
</project>


user-api的pom.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-eureka-client-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.lawt</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>user-api</artifactId>
</project>

User实体类创建


package com.lawt.user.domain;
public class User {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

UserServic接口创建


package com.lawt.user.service;
import com.lawt.user.domain.User;
import java.util.Collection;
/**
 * 用户服务
 */
public interface UserService {
    /**
     * 保存用户
     *
     * @param user
     * @return 如果保存成功的话，返回<code>true</code>，
     * 否则返回<code>false</code>
     */
    boolean save(User user);
    /**
     * 查询所有的用户对象
     *
     * @return 不会返回<code>null</code>
     */
    Collection<User> findAll();
}


user-service-provider的pom.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-eureka-client-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.lawt</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>user-service-provider</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- 增加 用户 API 的依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.gupao</groupId>
            <artifactId>user-api</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

模拟持久层UserRepository


package com.lawt.user.repository;
import com.lawt.user.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
/**
 * {@link User 用户} 仓储
 */
@Repository
public class UserRepository {
    private ConcurrentMap<Long, User> repository = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
    private static final AtomicLong idGenerator = new AtomicLong(0);
    public Collection<User> findAll() {
        return repository.values();
    }
    public boolean save(User user) {
        Long id = idGenerator.incrementAndGet();
        user.setId(id);
        return repository.putIfAbsent(id, user) == null;
    }
}

UserService接口具体实现类


package com.lawt.user.service;
import com.lawt.user.domain.User;
import com.lawt.user.repository.UserRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.Collection;
/**
 * {@link UserService 用户服务} 提供者实现
 */
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;
    @Override
    public boolean save(User user) {
        return userRepository.save(user);
    }
    @Override
    public Collection<User> findAll() {
        return userRepository.findAll();
    }
}

修改application.properties


## Eureka 注册中心服务器端口
eureka.server.port = 9090
## 服务提供方端口
server.port = 7070
## Eureka Server 服务 URL,用于客户端注册
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=\
  http://localhost:${eureka.server.port}/eureka
## Management 安全失效
management.security.enabled = false

创建一个controller


package com.lawt.user.web.controller;
import com.lawt.user.domain.User;
import com.lawt.user.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.Collection;
/**
 * {@link UserService 用户服务} 提供方 REST API {@link RestController}
 */
@RestController
public class UserServiceProviderRestApiController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    /**
     * @param user User
     * @return 如果保存成功的话，返回{@link User},否则返回<code>null</code>
     */
    @PostMapping("/user/save")
    public User saveUser(@RequestBody User user) {
        if (userService.save(user)) {
            System.out.println("UserService 服务方：保存用户成功！" + user);
            return user;
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }
    /**
     * 罗列所有的用户数据
     * @return 所有的用户数据
     */
    @GetMapping("/user/list")
    public Collection<User> list() {
        return userService.findAll();
    }
}

创建provider服务启动类


package com.lawt.user;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class UserServiceProviderApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserServiceProviderApplication.class, args);
    }
}

启动UserServiceProviderApplication类

再次刷新http://localhost:9090/


自此，provider注册成功。

创建consumer

创建consumer的pom.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-eureka-client-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.lawt</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>user-consumer</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
    <!-- 增加 用户 API 的依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.gupao</groupId>
        <artifactId>user-api</artifactId>
        <version>${project.version}</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

修改application.properties


spring.application.name = user-service-consumer
## Eureka 注册中心服务器端口
eureka.server.port = 9090
## 服务消费方端口
server.port = 8080
## Eureka Server 服务 URL,用于客户端注册
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=\
  http://localhost:${eureka.server.port}/eureka
## Management 安全失效
management.security.enabled = false

创建代理类UserServiceProxy


package com.lawt.user.service;
import com.lawt.user.domain.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.util.Collection;
/**
 * {@link UserService} Proxy 实现
 */
@Service
public class UserServiceProxy implements UserService {
    private static final String PROVIDER_SERVER_URL_PREFIX = "http://user-service-provider";
    /**
     * 通过 REST API 代理到服务器提供者
     */
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @Override
    public boolean save(User user) {
        User returnValue =
                restTemplate.postForObject(PROVIDER_SERVER_URL_PREFIX + "/user/save", user, User.class);
        return returnValue != null;
    }
    @Override
    public Collection<User> findAll() {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(PROVIDER_SERVER_URL_PREFIX + "/user/list", Collection.class);
    }
}

创建UserRestApiController供app、pc、或者其他调用


package com.lawt.user.web.controller;
import com.lawt.user.domain.User;
import com.lawt.user.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.Collection;
/**
 * 用户服务 REST API
 */
@RestController
public class UserRestApiController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    /**
     * @param name 请求参数名为“name”的数据
     * @return 如果保存成功的话，返回{@link User},否则返回<code>null</code>
     */
    @PostMapping("/user/save")
    public User saveUser(@RequestParam String name) {
        User user = new User();
        user.setName(name);
        if (userService.save(user)) {
            return user;
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }
    /**
     * 罗列所有的用户数据
     * @return 所有的用户数据
     */
    @GetMapping("/user/list")
    public Collection<User> list() {
        return userService.findAll();
    }
}

启动类UserServiceConsumerApplication


package com.lawt.user;
import com.lawt.user.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
/**
 * {@link UserService 用户服务} 消费引导类
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class UserServiceConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserServiceConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }
 
    @LoadBalanced
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

启动，再次刷新http://localhost:9090/


以post访问http://localhost:8080/user/save

参数:name=zzzz


请求相应结果


到此为止，一个完整的Spring Cloud Netflix Eureka的demo已经完成。


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