MyBatis 采用功能强大的基于 OGNL 的表达式来简化操作。
– sql片段
if测试
if举例:
<select id="getEmpsByConditionIf" resultType="com.bean.Employee">
select * from tbl_employee
<where>
<if test="id!=null">
id=#{id}
</if>
<if test="lastName!=null && lastName!=""">
and last_name like #{lastName}
</if>
<if test="email!=null and email.trim()!=""">
and email=#{email}
</if>
<!-- ognl会进行字符串与数字的转换判断 "0"==0 -->
<if test="gender==0 or gender==1">
and gender=#{gender}
</if>
</where>
</select>
choose (when, otherwise)测试
chose举例:
<!-- public List<Employee> getEmpsByConditionChoose(Employee employee); -->
<select id="getEmpsByConditionChoose" resultType="com.bean.Employee">
select * from tbl_employee
<where>
<!-- 如果带了id就用id查,如果带了lastName就用lastName查;只会进入其中一个 -->
<choose>
<when test="id!=null">
id=#{id}
</when>
<when test="lastName!=null">
last_name like #{lastName}
</when>
<when test="email!=null">
email = #{email}
</when>
<otherwise>
gender = 0
</otherwise>
</choose>
</where>
</select>
trim (where, set)测试
trim用来自定义字符串的截取规则 ,trim标签体中是整个字符串拼串后的结果。
trim标签属性:
prefix=" "
前缀:prefix给拼串后的整个字符串加一个前缀
prefixOverrides=" "
前缀覆盖: 去掉整个字符串前面多余的字符
suffix=" "
后缀:suffix给拼串后的整个字符串加一个后缀
suffixOverrides=" "
后缀覆盖:去掉整个字符串后面多余的字符
trim举例:
<!--public List<Employee> getEmpsByConditionTrim(Employee employee); -->
<select id="getEmpsByConditionTrim" resultType="com.bean.Employee">
select * from tbl_employee
<!-- 自定义字符串的截取规则 -->
<trim prefix="where" suffixOverrides="and"> <!-- 将最后的and去掉 -->
<if test="id!=null">
id=#{id} and
</if>
<if test="lastName!=null && lastName!=""">
last_name like #{lastName} and
</if>
<if test="email!=null and email.trim()!=""">
email=#{email} and
</if>
<!-- ognl会进行字符串与数字的转换判断 "0"==0 -->
<if test="gender==0 or gender==1">
gender=#{gender}
</if>
</trim>
</select>
where(略):去掉开头,和set类似
set举例:
<!--public void updateEmp(Employee employee); -->
<update id="updateEmpBySet">
<!-- Set标签的使用 ,去除末尾的,-->
update tbl_employee
<set>
<if test="lastName!=null">
last_name=#{lastName},
</if>
<if test="email!=null">
email=#{email},
</if>
<if test="gender!=null">
gender=#{gender},
</if>
</set>
where id=#{id}
</update>
set也可由trim代替后的代码 举例:
<update id="updateEmpByTrim">
<trim prefix="set" suffixOverrides=",">
<if test="lastName!=null">
last_name=#{lastName},
</if>
<if test="email!=null">
email=#{email},
</if>
<if test="gender!=null">
gender=#{gender}
</if>
</trim>
where id=#{id}
</update>
foreach(难点):
foreach标签相关属性介绍:
collection:指定要遍历的集合(底层是map实现的,因此此集合为map的value)
也可以利用注解:list类型的参数会特殊处理封装在map中,map的key就叫list的名字(自动)
item:将当前遍历出的元素赋值给指定的变量名称
separator:每个元素之间的分隔符
open:遍历出所有结果拼接一个开始的字符
close:遍历出所有结果拼接一个结束的字符
index:索引。遍历list的时候是index就是索引,item就是当前值遍历map的时候index表示的就是map的key,item就是map的值
利用底层传入map集合:
Dao层:
//foreach利用map
public List<Employee> getEmpsByConditionForeachByMap(Map<String, List<Integer>> ids);
测试:
//查询操作(foreach 传入map)
@Test
public void test07() throws IOException{
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory=getSqlSessionFactory();
SqlSession openSession=sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
EmployeeMapperDynamicSQL mapper = openSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapperDynamicSQL.class);
Map<String, List<Integer>> map=new HashMap<String, List<Integer>>();
List<Integer> ids=new ArrayList<>();
ids.add(17);
ids.add(18);
map.put("ids", ids);
List<Employee> emps=mapper.getEmpsByConditionForeachByMap(map);
for (Employee emp : emps) {
System.out.println(emp);
}
}
<!--public List<Employee> getEmpsByConditionForeachByMap(Map<String, List<Integer>> ids); -->
<select id="getEmpsByConditionForeachByMap" resultType="com.bean.Employee">
select * from tbl_employee
<foreach collection="ids" item="item_id" separator=","
open="where id in(" close=")">
#{item_id}
</foreach>
</select>
利用注解传入list集合
Dao层:
//foreach传入list,利用注解@Param作为map的key
public List<Employee> getEmpsByConditionForeachByList(@Param("ids") List<Integer> ids);
测试:
//查询操作(foreach 传入list)
@Test
public void test08() throws IOException{
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory=getSqlSessionFactory();
SqlSession openSession=sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
EmployeeMapperDynamicSQL mapper = openSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapperDynamicSQL.class);
List<Integer> ids=new ArrayList<>();
ids.add(17);
ids.add(18);
List<Employee> emps=mapper.getEmpsByConditionForeachByList(ids);
for (Employee emp : emps) {
System.out.println(emp);
}
}
<!--public List<Employee> getEmpsByConditionForeach(@Param("ids") List<Integer> ids); -->
<select id="getEmpsByConditionForeachByList" resultType="com.bean.Employee">
select * from tbl_employee
<foreach collection="ids" item="item_id" separator=","
open="where id in(" close=")">
#{item_id}
</foreach>
</select>
讨论foreach的批量添加操作:
方法一:执行一次sql语句
<!--public void addEmps(@Param("emps") List<Employee2> emps); -->
<insert id="addEmps">
insert into tbl_employee(last_name,email,gender,d_id)
values
<foreach collection="emps" item="emp" separator=",">
(#{emp.lastName},#{emp.email},#{emp.gender},#{emp.dept.id})
</foreach>
</insert>
方法二:执行多次sql语句,用分号" ; "分割
<!-- 方法二:不推荐 -->
<insert id="addEmps2">
<foreach collection="emps" item="emp" separator=";">
insert into tbl_employee(last_name,email,gender,d_id)
values(#{emp.lastName},#{emp.email},#{emp.gender},#{emp.dept.id})
</foreach>
</insert>
注意:方法二必须添加jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?allowMultiQueries=true,才能正常运行(支持分号分割)
上述两种方法都执行以下测试用例:
//批量添加(foreach)
@Test
public void test09() throws IOException{
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = getSqlSessionFactory();
SqlSession openSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
try{
EmployeeMapperDynamicSQL mapper = openSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapperDynamicSQL.class);
List<Employee2> emps = new ArrayList<>();
emps.add(new Employee2(null, "smith0x1", "[email protected]", "1",new Department(1)));
emps.add(new Employee2(null, "allen0x1", "[email protected]", "0",new Department(1)));
mapper.addEmps(emps);
openSession.commit();
}finally{
openSession.close();
}
}
Sql片段:
sql标签作用:抽取可重用的sql片段。方便后面引用
sql抽取范围:经常将要查询的列名,或者插入用的列名抽取出来方便引用
sql标签相关属性:
include来引用已经抽取的sql片段。
include还可以自定义一些property 变量,sql标签内部就能使用自定义的属性
sql片段取出include中的property值正确方式${prop},
<insert id="addEmps3">
insert into tbl_employee(
<include refid="insertColumn">
<property name="test" value="d_id"/>
</include>
)
values
<foreach collection="emps" item="emp" separator=",">
(#{emp.lastName},#{emp.email},#{emp.gender},#{emp.dept.id})
</foreach>
</insert>
分析:<insert>标签中嵌套了 <include>标签用来引入sql片段,并且定义了<porperty name=“ ”>标签的name属性名称和值,供sql片段使用,例如下面的${test}使用<include>标签定义的property值。
<sql id="insertColumn">
<if test="_databaseId=='oracle'">
employee_id,last_name,email
</if>
<if test="_databaseId=='mysql'">
<!-- last_name,email,gender,d_id -->
last_name,email,gender,${test} //${test}使用<include>标签定义的值
</if>
</sql>
补充:
1)bind 元素可以从 OGNL 表达式中创建一个变量并 将其绑定到上下文。比如:
模糊查询传入:lastName
<!-- 测试bind -->
<!-- public List<Employee> getEmpsTestBind(Employee employee); -->
<select id="getEmpsTestBind" resultType="com.bean.Employee">
<!-- bind:可以将OGNL表达式的值绑定到一个变量中,方便后来引用这个变量的值 -->
<!-- bind过程:将取得值拼接成value,在赋值给name -->
<bind name="_lastName" value="'%'+lastName+'%'"/>
select * from tbl_employee where last_name like #{_lastName}
</select>
2)mybatis内置参数
不只是方法传递过来的参数可以被用来判断,取值。
mybatis默认还有两个内置参数:
_parameter:代表整个参数
单个参数:_parameter就是这个参数。例如:javabean对象属性--->_parameter.属性名
多个参数:参数会被封装为一个map;_parameter就是代表这个map。
_databaseId:如果配置了databaseIdProvider标签,databaseId就是代表当前数据库的别名oracle
<!-- 测试两个内置参数 -->
<!--public List<Employee> getEmpsTestInnerParameter(Employee employee); -->
<select id="getEmpsTestInnerParameter" resultType="com.atguigu.mybatis.bean.Employee">
<if test="_databaseId=='mysql'">
select * from tbl_employee
<if test="_parameter!=null">
where last_name like #{lastName}
</if>
</if>
<if test="_databaseId=='oracle'">
select * from employees
<if test="_parameter!=null">
where last_name like #{_parameter.lastName}
</if>
</if>
</select>