web服务器系列_nginx实战

nginx安装使用
官网安装教程

1. 安装依赖 
    yum -y install yum-utils

2. 配置yum源
    vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo

###稳定版####
[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true

###最新版####
[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true

3. 安装nginx
    yum -y install nginx
    systemctl enable nginx
4. 启动停止、查看状态
    systemctl start/status/stop nginx
5. 配置nginx
    vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
6. 最佳实战配置规则
    nginx官网推荐，公共配置在基础配置文件中配置，每一个server服务单独一个配置文件，然后通过include引入到基础配置中
7. 配置demo 
    /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    推荐把server内容考出来单独写在一个文件里，如/etc/nginx/conf.d/apiserver.conf
    然后通过include引入: include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf (安装好nginx默认的配置)

user  root;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    client_max_body_size 30m;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    log_format json '{"@timestamp":"$time_iso8601",'
                           '"@version":"1",'
                           '"client":"$remote_addr",'
                           '"url":"$uri",'
                           '"status":"$status",'
                           '"domain":"$host",'
                           '"host":"$server_addr",'
                           '"size":$body_bytes_sent,'
                           '"responsetime":$request_time,'
                           '"referer": "$http_referer",'
                           '"ua": "$http_user_agent"'
               '}'; 

    log_format full_json '{"@timestamp":"$time_iso8601",'
					'"@version":"1",'
					'"args":"$args",'
					'"size":"$body_bytes_sent",'
					'"content_type":"$content_type",'
					'"host":"$host",'
					'"host":"$server_addr",'
					'"size":$body_bytes_sent,'
					'"remote_addr":"$remote_addr",'
					'"remote_user": "$remote_user",'
					'"request_time": $request_time,'
					'"server_addr": "$server_addr",'
					'"status": "$status",'
					'"uri": "$uri",'
					'"http_referer": "$http_referer",'
					'"http_x_forwarded_for": "$http_x_forwarded_for",'
					'"upstream_addr": "$upstream_addr",'
					'"upstream_response_time": $upstream_response_time,'
					'"http_user_agent": "$http_user_agent"'
					'}';   

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;


    upstream api_balance {
		server 192.26.10.130:8011 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s ;
		server 192.26.10.132:8012 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s ;
		server 192.26.10.133:8013 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s ;
    }

    server {
        listen       80;
        #server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        access_log  logs/access_json.log  full_json;

        location / {
            root   /data/html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        location /sit {
            root   /data/sit/html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        
        location /api {
                     proxy_set_header Host $host;
                     proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                     proxy_pass http://api_balance/;
                     proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }
        location /crud {
                     proxy_set_header Host $host;
                     proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                     proxy_pass http://192.168.56.100:8002;
                     proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }
        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }

    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}