一.通过QQ邮箱发邮件
本案例是基于django框架的结合rabbitmq实现异步发邮件，新建一个django项目并进行对应的配置，然后编写对应mvc代码，直接上代码
1.1 生产者发送邮件
import pika
class RabbitMQSendMail:
def __init__(self, email):
self.host = '192.168.xx.xxx'
self.port = 5672
self.user = 'xxx'
self.password = 'xxx'
self.rmq_obj = None
self.param_config = None
self.channel = None
self.email = email
def connection(self):
self.param_config = pika.ConnectionParameters(
virtual_host='mymTest',
host=self.host,
port=self.port,
credentials=pika.PlainCredentials(self.user, self.password)
)
self.rmq_obj = pika.BlockingConnection(self.param_config)
def send(self):
self.connection()
self.channel = self.rmq_obj.channel()
# self.channel.exchange_declare(exchange='mym', exchange_type='direct', durable=True)
self.channel.basic_publish(
exchange='businessExchange', # exchange为空表示简单模式
routing_key='needKey',
body=self.email,
properties=pika.BasicProperties(delivery_mode=2, )
)
print('发送用户邮箱{}到MQ queue成功'.format(self.email))
self.rmq_obj.close()
1.2 视图函数，模型，模板部分代码
model.py部分代码
from django.db import models
from django.forms import ModelForm
import datetime
# Create your models here.
class UserInfo(models.Model):
username = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name='姓名')
password = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name='邮箱')
create_time = models.DateField(verbose_name="时间", default=datetime.datetime.now)
class UserModelForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = UserInfo
fields = "__all__"
view.py视图函数部分代码
from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import UserModelForm
from django.http import JsonResponse
from Controller.mq_send_email import RabbitMQSendMail
# Create your views here.
def register_email(request):
if request.method == "GET":
# 要写个form类
form = UserModelForm()
return render(request, 'index.html', {
'form': form})
if request.method == "POST":
email = request.POST.get('password')
print(email)
# 实例化上面定义的生产者方的类，自动执行其构造方法，塞email进队列
RabbitMQSendMail(email).send()
return JsonResponse({
'status':True, 'data': 'https://mail.163.com/'})
return JsonResponse({
'status': False})
模板部分html代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>注 册</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="registerForm">
{% csrf_token %}
{% for field in form %}
{
{ field.label }}：{
{ field }}<br>
{% endfor %}
<input type="button" id='regForm' value="注 册">
</form>
</body>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.js"></script>
<script>
$(function () {
registerFunc();
});
function registerFunc() {
//注册按钮绑定
$('#regForm').click(function () {
$.ajax({
url:'/index',
method:'post',
dataType:'json',
//带上用户提交的所有表单信息
data:$('#registerForm').serialize(),
success: function (res) {
if (res.status){
alert('注册成功！点击确定跳转到邮箱登录页面,请点击您的邮件完成激活');
location.href=res.data;
}else{
alert("注册失败")
}
}
})
})
}
</script>
</html>
1.3 settting.py配置文件
"""
Django settings for mqserver project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.11.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/
"""
import os
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
APPEND_SLASH=False
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'mqapp',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'mqserver.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'template'),],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mqserver.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'oa',
'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
'PORT': 3306,
'USER': 'xxx',
'PASSWORD': 'xxxx',
'CHARSET': 'utf8'
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
)
# RabbitMQ配置
# 邮件发送配置
EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.qq.com'
EMAIL_PORT = 25
EMAIL_HOST_USER = '[email protected]'
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = 'xxxxxxxx'
EMAIL_USE_TLS = False
EMAIL_FROM = "[email protected]"
1.4 发邮件消费者代码
消费者端开启监听服务，监听消费者端投递的消息，然后通过异步回调实现消费并执行对应的业务逻辑
import pika
import multiprocessing
from django.core.mail import send_mail
class MqConsumeSendEmail:
def __init__(self, ):
self.host = '192.168.xx.xx'
self.port = 5672
self.user = 'xxxxx'
self.password = 'xxxxx'
self.rmq_obj = None
self.param_config = None
self.channel = None
def connection(self):
self.param_config = pika.ConnectionParameters(
virtual_host='mymTest',
host=self.host,
port=self.port,
credentials=pika.PlainCredentials(self.user, self.password),
)
self.rmq_obj = pika.BlockingConnection(self.param_config)
@staticmethod
def callback_business(channel, methods, properties, body):
email = body.decode('utf-8')
print("消费者业务队列接收到的用户邮箱为%s" % email)
subject = 'mym注册'
message = 'you are very good'
sender = "[email protected]"
receiver = [email]
send_mail(subject, message, sender, receiver)
channel.basic_ack(delivery_tag=methods.delivery_tag)
# channel.basic_reject(delivery_tag=methods.delivery_tag, requeue=False)
@staticmethod
def callback_dead(channel, methods, properties, body):
print("死信队列的日志为%s" % properties)
print("死信队列，消费者接收来自消息队列中的{}成功".format(body))
# channel.basic_reject(delivery_tag=methods.delivery_tag, requeue=False)
channel.basic_ack(delivery_tag=methods.delivery_tag)
def exchange_declare_method(self):
self.channel = self.rmq_obj.channel()
self.channel.exchange_declare(exchange='deadExchange', exchange_type='direct', durable=True)
self.channel.exchange_declare(exchange='businessExchange', exchange_type='direct', durable=True)
def work(self, i):
self.connection()
self.exchange_declare_method()
# self.channel = self.rmq_obj.channel()
if i == 0:
self.channel = self.rmq_obj.channel()
dead_exchange_argument = {
'x-dead-letter-exchange': "deadExchange", # 延迟结束后指向交换机（死信收容交换机）
'x-dead-letter-routing-key': "deadKey", # 延迟结束后指向队列（死信收容队列），可直接设置queue name也可以设置routing-key
'x - queue - type': "classic", # 延迟结束后指向交换机（死信收容交换机）
}
self.channel.queue_declare(queue='businessMessage', durable=True, arguments=dead_exchange_argument)
self.channel.queue_bind(exchange='businessExchange', queue='businessMessage', routing_key='needKey')
self.channel.basic_qos(prefetch_count=1)
self.channel.basic_consume(
self.callback_business,
queue='businessMessage',
no_ack=False,
)
print("进入业务交换机逻辑，当前MQ简单模式正在等待生产者往消息队列中放入消息")
self.channel.start_consuming()
elif i == 1:
self.channel = self.rmq_obj.channel()
dead_exchange_argument = {
'x-dead-letter-exchange': "deadExchange", # 延迟结束后指向交换机（死信收容交换机）
'x-dead-letter-routing-key': "deadKey", # 延迟结束后指向队列（死信收容队列），可直接设置queue name也可以设置routing-key
'x - queue - type': "classic", # 延迟结束后指向交换机（死信收容交换机）
}
self.channel.queue_declare(queue='deadMessage', durable=True, arguments=dead_exchange_argument)
self.channel.queue_bind(exchange='deadExchange', queue='deadMessage', routing_key='deadKey')
self.channel.basic_consume(
self.callback_dead,
queue='deadMessage',
no_ack=False,
)
print("进入死信交换机逻辑，当前MQ简单模式正在等待生产者往消息队列中放入消息")
self.channel.start_consuming()
print("启动成功")
def recv_listen(self):
print("start")
th_l = [multiprocessing.Process(target=self.work, args=(i,)) for i in range(2)]
for th in th_l:
th.start()
for th in th_l:
th.join()
if __name__ == '__main__':
import os
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'mqserver.settings' # 这里必须要先导入django环境
mq_send_email_obj = MqConsumeSendEmail()
mq_send_email_obj.recv_listen()
注意点：
当我们在Django项目中使用celery，RabbitMQ时，在celery/RabbitMQ的消费端函数中不能直接调用django的环境(比如orm方法查询数据库，django自带的内置方法)，需要添加代码调用Django环境
import os
加载Django环境，bbs是所在的Django项目名称
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", 'bbs.settings')
# 引入Django模块
import django
# 初始化Django环境
django.setup()