apache虚拟web主机构建

一、web虚拟主机

1.1 概念

• 虚拟Web主机
  在同一台服务器中运行多个Web站点,其中每一个站点并不独立占用一台真正的计算机机
• httpd支持的虚拟主机类型
  ​ 基于域名的虚拟主机
  基于IP地址的虚拟主机
  基于端口的虚拟主机
• 环境
  CentOS 7.6
  Win 10

二、 基于域名

2.1 配置文件

	#安装httpd跟bind软件包
	[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install httpd bind

	#修改主配置文件
	[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/named.conf 
	......
	listen-on port 53 { any; };
	......
	allow-query     { any; };
	......

	#修改区域配置文件
	[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones 
	......
	zone "test01.com" IN {
 		   type master;
		    file "test01.com.zone";
  		  allow-update { none; };
	};

	zone "test02.com" IN {
	        type master;
    	    file "test02.com.zone";
  	    allow-update { none; };
	};
	......

	#进入目录进行后续操作
	[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/named/

	#复制区域配置模板
	[root@localhost named]# cp -p named.localhost test01.com.zone

	#修改区域配置模板
	[root@localhost named]# vim test01.com.zone
	......
	www     IN      A       20.0.0.126		===>追加到末尾

	#复制一份刚才修改好的区域配置文件
	[root@localhost named]# cp -p test01.com.zone test02.com.zone

	#进入该目录进行后续操作
	[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/httpd/conf

	#修改虚拟主机配置文件
	[root@localhost conf]# vim vhost.conf
	<VirtualHost *:80>
	  DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/test01"
	  ServerName www.test01.com
	  ErrorLog "logs/www.test01.com.error_log"
	  CustomLog "logs/www.test01.com.access_log" common
	    <Directory "/var/www/html">
	      Require all granted
	    </Directory>
	</VirtualHost>

	<VirtualHost *:80>
	  DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/test02"
	  ServerName www.test02.com
	  ErrorLog "logs/www.test02.com.error_log"
	  CustomLog "logs/www.test02.com.access_log" common
	    <Directory "/var/www/html">
   Require all granted
    </Directory>
	</VirtualHost>
		#进入站点目录
	[root@localhost conf]# cd /var/www/html
	
	#创建对应的站点目录
	[root@localhost html]# mkdir test01 test02

	#配置index.html测试使用
	[root@localhost html]# vim test01/index.html
		<h1>this is test01 web</h1>
		[root@localhost html]# vim test02/index.html
	<h1>this is test02 web</h1>

		#修改主配置文件
	[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
	......
	Include conf/vhost.conf			===>配置文件末尾追加这一条指向虚拟主机

	#开启服务,关闭防火墙,关闭核心防护
	[root@localhost html]# systemctl start httpd
	[root@localhost html]# systemctl restart named
	[root@localhost html]# systemctl stop firewalld
	[root@localhost html]# setenforce 0

2.2 结果

在浏览器上输入"www.test01.com"
在浏览器上输入"www.test02.com"

三、基于端口

3.1 配置命令

在上面基于域名的基础上修改虚拟主机配置文件

[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/vhost.conf 
<VirtualHost *:80>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/test01"
  ServerName www.test01.com
  ErrorLog "logs/www.test01.com.error_log"
  CustomLog "logs/www.test01.com.access_log" common
<Directory "/var/www/html">
  Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:8080>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/test02"
  ServerName www.test01.com
  ErrorLog "logs/www.test02.com.error_log"
  CustomLog "logs/www.test02.com.access_log" common
<Directory "/var/www/html">
  Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>

#修改主配置文件
[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
......
Listen 20.0.0.126:80
Listen 20.0.0.126:8080
......

#开启服务,关闭防火墙,关闭核心防护
[root@localhost html]# systemctl start httpd
[root@localhost html]# systemctl restart named
[root@localhost html]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost html]# setenforce 0

3.2 结果

在Win10浏览器上面输入"www.test01.com:8080"

四、基于IP地址

4.1 配置文件

#修改虚拟主机配置文件
[root@localhost conf]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
<VirtualHost 20.0.0.26:80>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/test01"
  ErrorLog "logs/www.test01.com.error_log"
  CustomLog "logs/www.test01.com.access_log" common
<Directory "/var/www/html">
  Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost 20.0.0.126:80>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/test02"
  ErrorLog "logs/www.test02.com.error_log"
  CustomLog "logs/www.test02.com.access_log" common
<Directory "/var/www/html">
  Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>

#修改主配置文件
[root@localhost conf]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 
......
	Listen 20.0.0.26:80
Listen 20.0.0.126:80
......

#开启服务,关闭防火墙,关闭核心防护
[root@localhost html]# systemctl start httpd
[root@localhost html]# systemctl restart named
[root@localhost html]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost html]# setenforce 0

4.2 结果