爬取内容：
爬取结果：
爬取代码：
'''
大众点评-黄鹤楼评论：
①需要更改txt文本储存地址；
②更换配置中的cookie (两个cookie都一样)；
③更换自己需要爬取的店铺id;
'''
import datetime
import random
import time
import re
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium import webdriver
import pymongo
import requests
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
client = pymongo.MongoClient('localhost', 27017)
shidai = client['gongyuan']
comments = shidai['comments']
path_one = r'C:\Users\FREEDOM\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe'
COOKIES = 'fspop=test; cy=2290; cye=fengdu; _lx_utm=utm_source%3Dbing%26utm_medium%3Dorganic; _lxsdk_cuid=17362020194c8-0168451bb30b3f-7373e61-100200-1736202019ac8; _lxsdk=17362020194c8-0168451bb30b3f-7373e61-100200-1736202019ac8; _hc.v=03f94fd1-8e5a-b655-34ac-d35c976ad077.1595077168; Hm_lvt_602b80cf8079ae6591966cc70a3940e7=1595077167,1595205106; dper=fc42d25554a5cc6d072d66a47fa1bb1bce70b5db0708178d7745bdb59c867844bf8159e84c173786e9c039f84c74b4348dfff6405a63d466f0e745c92a88ceda5cbdb18c59f045a355c216ded25b37af99704ed99f5d17386fa65e24ad618889; ll=7fd06e815b796be3df069dec7836c3df; ua=%E5%A0%85%E5%BC%B7%E7%9A%84%E6%B3%A1%E6%B2%AB; ctu=54cab1a287e14fb7ab7bde1e708a3f9c58b9ab2f36c6812a7371265a19fa5245; uamo=15696741615; s_ViewType=10; dplet=47c9fa5fe4e8e62a58cebe0d34c549e9; Hm_lpvt_602b80cf8079ae6591966cc70a3940e7=1595206647; _lxsdk_s=1736a82d671-1c-174-77b%7C%7C1'
f = open('C:\\Users\\lhq\\Desktop\\store_shop.txt', 'w',encoding='utf-8')
class DianpingComment:
font_size = 14
start_y = 23
ii=0
def __init__(self, shop_id, cookies, delay=7, handle_ban=True, comments=comments):
self.shop_id = shop_id
self._delay = delay
self.num = 1
self.db = comments
self._cookies = self._format_cookies(cookies)
self._css_headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.100 Safari/537.36',
}
self._default_headers = {
'Connection': 'keep-alive',
'Host': 'www.dianping.com',
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.100 Safari/537.36',
'Cookie':'fspop=test; cy=2290; cye=fengdu; _lx_utm=utm_source%3Dbing%26utm_medium%3Dorganic; _lxsdk_cuid=17362020194c8-0168451bb30b3f-7373e61-100200-1736202019ac8; _lxsdk=17362020194c8-0168451bb30b3f-7373e61-100200-1736202019ac8; _hc.v=03f94fd1-8e5a-b655-34ac-d35c976ad077.1595077168; Hm_lvt_602b80cf8079ae6591966cc70a3940e7=1595077167,1595205106; dper=fc42d25554a5cc6d072d66a47fa1bb1bce70b5db0708178d7745bdb59c867844bf8159e84c173786e9c039f84c74b4348dfff6405a63d466f0e745c92a88ceda5cbdb18c59f045a355c216ded25b37af99704ed99f5d17386fa65e24ad618889; ll=7fd06e815b796be3df069dec7836c3df; ua=%E5%A0%85%E5%BC%B7%E7%9A%84%E6%B3%A1%E6%B2%AB; ctu=54cab1a287e14fb7ab7bde1e708a3f9c58b9ab2f36c6812a7371265a19fa5245; uamo=15696741615; s_ViewType=10; dplet=47c9fa5fe4e8e62a58cebe0d34c549e9; Hm_lpvt_602b80cf8079ae6591966cc70a3940e7=1595206647; _lxsdk_s=1736a82d671-1c-174-77b%7C%7C1'}
self._cur_request_url = 'http://www.dianping.com/shop/{}/review_all'.format(self.shop_id)
self.sub_url = 'http://www.dianping.com'
def run(self):
self._css_link = self._get_css_link(self._cur_request_url)
self._font_dict = self._get_font_dict(self._css_link)
self._get_conment_page()
def _delay_func(self):
delay_time = random.randint((self._delay - 2) * 10, (self._delay + 2) * 10) * 0.1
time.sleep(delay_time)
def _init_browser(self):
"""
初始化游览器
"""
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
browser = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options, executable_path=path_one)
browser.get(self._cur_request_url)
for name, value in self._cookies.items():
browser.add_cookie({
'name': name, 'value': value})
browser.refresh()
return browser
def _handle_ban(self):
"""
爬取速度过快，出现异常时处理验证
"""
try:
self._browser.refresh()
time.sleep(1)
button = self._browser.find_element_by_id('yodaBox')
move_x_offset = self._browser.find_element_by_id('yodaBoxWrapper').size['width']
webdriver.ActionChains(self._browser).drag_and_drop_by_offset(
button, move_x_offset, 0).perform()
except:
pass
def _format_cookies(self, cookies):
'''
获取cookies;;;
:param cookies:
:return:
'''
cookies = {
cookie.split('=')[0]: cookie.split('=')[1]
for cookie in cookies.replace(' ', '').split(';')}
return cookies
def _get_conment_page(self):
"""
请求评论页，并将<span></span>样式替换成文字;
"""
while self._cur_request_url:
f.write("\n\n-----------------------------------------"+self._cur_request_url+"-------------------------------------------\n\n")
self._delay_func()
print('[{now_time}] {msg}'.format(now_time=datetime.datetime.now(), msg=self._cur_request_url))
res = requests.get(self._cur_request_url, headers=self._default_headers, cookies=self._cookies)
while res.status_code != 200:
cookie = random.choice(COOKIES)
cookies = self._format_cookies(cookie)
res = requests.get(self._cur_request_url, headers=self._default_headers, cookies=cookies)
if res.status_code == 200:
break
html = res.text
class_set = []
for span in re.findall(r'<svgmtsi class="([a-zA-Z0-9]{5,6})"></svgmtsi>', html):
class_set.append(span)
for class_name in class_set:
try:
html = re.sub('<svgmtsi class="%s"></svgmtsi>' % class_name, self._font_dict[class_name], html)
#print('{}已替换完毕_______________________________'.format(self._font_dict[class_name]))
except:
html = re.sub('<svgmtsi class="%s"></svgmtsi>' % class_name, '', html)
print('替换失败…………………………………………………………………………&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&')
doc = pq(html)
# print(doc('.NextPage').attr('href'))
self._parse_comment_page(html)
if doc('.NextPage').attr('href'):
self._default_headers['Referer'] = self._cur_request_url
next_page_url1 = doc('.NextPage').attr('href')
next_page_url = self.sub_url + str(next_page_url1)
print('next_url:{}'.format(next_page_url))
else:
next_page_url = None
print('next_page_url:{}'.format(next_page_url))
self._cur_request_url = next_page_url #评论页循环，实现翻页功能
def _data_pipeline(self, data):
"""
处理数据
"""
print(data)
def _parse_comment_page(self, html):
"""
解析评论页并提取数据,把数据写入文件中；；
"""
doc = pq(html)
for li in doc('div.review-list-main > div.reviews-wrapper > div.reviews-items > ul > li'):
doc_text = pq(li)
if doc_text('.dper-info .name').text():
name = doc_text('.dper-info .name').text()
else:
name = None
try:
star = doc_text('.review-rank .sml-rank-stars').attr('class')
except IndexError:
star = None
if doc_text('div.misc-info.clearfix > .time').text():
date_time = doc_text('div.misc-info.clearfix > .time').text()
else:
date_time = None
if doc_text('.main-review .review-words').text():
comment = doc_text('.main-review .review-words').text()
else:
comment = None
data = {
'name': name,
'date_time': date_time,
'star': star,
'comment': comment
}
#将data中的内容写入到TXT文档中
f.write(str(data))
f.write("\n")
def _get_css_link(self, url):
"""
请求评论首页，获取css样式文件
"""
try:
print(url)
res = requests.get(url, headers=self._default_headers, cookies=self._cookies)
html = res.text
css_link = re.search(r'<link re.*?css.*?href="(.*?svgtextcss.*?)">', html)
print(css_link)
assert css_link
css_link = 'http:' + css_link[1]
return css_link
except:
None
def _get_font_dict(self, url):
"""
获取css样式对应文字的字典
"""
res = requests.get(url, headers=self._css_headers)
html = res.text
background_image_link = re.findall(r'background-image:.*?\((.*?svg)\)', html)
print(background_image_link)
background_image_link_list = []
for i in background_image_link:
url = 'http:' + i
background_image_link_list.append(url)
print(background_image_link_list)
html = re.sub(r'span.*?\}', '', html)
group_offset_list = re.findall(r'\.([a-zA-Z0-9]{5,6}).*?round:(.*?)px (.*?)px;', html)
'''
多个偏移字典，合并在一起；；；
'''
font_dict_by_offset_list = {
}
for i in background_image_link_list:
font_dict_by_offset_list.update(self._get_font_dict_by_offset(i))
font_dict_by_offset = font_dict_by_offset_list
print(font_dict_by_offset)
font_dict = {
}
for class_name, x_offset, y_offset in group_offset_list:
x_offset = x_offset.replace('.0', '')
y_offset = y_offset.replace('.0', '')
try:
font_dict[class_name] = font_dict_by_offset[int(y_offset)][int(x_offset)]
except:
font_dict[class_name] = ''
return font_dict
def _get_font_dict_by_offset(self, url):
"""
获取坐标偏移的文字字典, 会有最少两种形式的svg文件（目前只遇到两种）
"""
res = requests.get(url, headers=self._css_headers)
html = res.text
font_dict = {
}
y_list = re.findall(r'd="M0 (\d+?) ', html)
if y_list:
font_list = re.findall(r'<textPath .*?>(.*?)<', html)
for i, string in enumerate(font_list):
y_offset = self.start_y - int(y_list[i])
sub_font_dict = {
}
for j, font in enumerate(string):
x_offset = -j * self.font_size
sub_font_dict[x_offset] = font
font_dict[y_offset] = sub_font_dict
else:
font_list = re.findall(r'<text.*?y="(.*?)">(.*?)<', html)
for y, string in font_list:
y_offset = self.start_y - int(y)
sub_font_dict = {
}
for j, font in enumerate(string):
x_offset = -j * self.font_size
sub_font_dict[x_offset] = font
font_dict[y_offset] = sub_font_dict
return font_dict
class Customer(DianpingComment):
def _data_pipeline(self, data):
print(data)
if __name__ == "__main__":
dianping = Customer('H2vLcBTsDA6wSxY4', cookies=COOKIES)
dianping.run()
f.close()
删除TXT文档中部分字段：
file=open("C:\\Users\\lhq\\Desktop\\九峰森林动物园-大众点评.txt",'r', encoding='utf-8-sig')
file_target=open("C:\\Users\\lhq\\Desktop\\九峰森林动物园.txt",'w', encoding='utf-8-sig')
list=file.readlines()
for item in list:
# print(item) # 输出列表中的每一个元素
# print(type(item))
if item.strip()!='' and item[0]!='-':
# print(type(item))
dict=eval(item) # 将字符串转成字典
# print(type(dict))
del dict['name'] # 删除键是'Name'的条目
# print(dict)
time=dict['date_time'] # time为字符串
time_real=time.split()
# print(time_real) # 对字符串按空格进行分割
dict['date_time']=time_real[0] # 修改date_time的值仅为 年-月-日 的形式
# print(dict['date_time'])
file_target.write(str(dict)) # 写入到目标文件中
file_target.write('\n')
file_target.close()
file.close()