ES返回结果过滤 _source_includes和_source_excludes
默认情况下，ES查询时返回所有字段的，但是有时，我们只想返回个别字段，或者不想返回某几个字段，这个时候就可以用到_source_includes和_source_excludes。
从字面上看_source_includes就是包含的字段，_source_excludes就是屏蔽的字段。
1. 造点测试数据
PUT /pigg_test/_doc/1
{
"name": "冬哥",
"age": 33,
"interest": ["music", "food"]
}
PUT /pigg_test/_doc/2
{
"name": "珣爷",
"age": 28,
"interest": ["music", "sleep"],
"about": "I am a tester"
}
PUT /pigg_test/_doc/3
{
"name": "胖丫",
"age": 3,
"interest": ["food", "sleep"],
"about": "I am a girl"
}
2. _source参数
2.1 根据id查询时，只返回_source
先看下默认查询id=1时的返回
GET /pigg_test/_doc/1
返回：
{
"_index" : "pigg_test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_version" : 1,
"_seq_no" : 0,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"found" : true,
"_source" : {
"name" : "冬哥",
"age" : 33,
"interest" : [
"music",
"food"
]
}
}
再看下加了_source参数的返回
GET /pigg_test/_doc/1/_source
只是返回了_source里的内容，不返回_index，_type，_version等信息
{
"name" : "冬哥",
"age" : 33,
"interest" : [
"music",
"food"
]
}
2.2 设置_source=false，则不返回_source
默认情况下_source=true，如果不想返回_source，需要指定_source=false
GET /pigg_test/_doc/1?_source=false
返回如下，结果中没有了_source
{
"_index" : "pigg_test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_version" : 1,
"_seq_no" : 0,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"found" : true
}
3. 在请求体中设置_source_includes和_source_excludes
3.1 _source_includes:只返回部分字段
GET pigg_test/_search
{
"query": {
"term": {
"interest": {
"value": "food"
}
}
},
"_source": {
"includes": ["name", "interest"]
}
}
返回的_source中只包含 “music”, “food”
...省略别的信息...
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "pigg_test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 0.4700036,
"_source" : {
"interest" : [
"music",
"food"
],
"name" : "冬哥"
}
},
{
"_index" : "pigg_test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 0.4700036,
"_source" : {
"interest" : [
"food",
"sleep"
],
"name" : "胖丫"
}
}
]
3.2 如果只是_source_includes可以简写如下
GET pigg_test/_search?_source=false
{
"query": {
"term": {
"interest": {
"value": "food"
}
}
},
"_source": ["name", "interest"]
}
3.3 _source_excludes：屏蔽部分字段
GET pigg_test/_search
{
"query": {
"term": {
"interest": {
"value": "food"
}
}
},
"_source": {
"excludes": ["age", "about", "interest"]
}
}
返回结果中，_source就屏蔽了"age", “about”, “interest”
...省略别的信息...
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "pigg_test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 0.4700036,
"_source" : {
"name" : "冬哥"
}
},
{
"_index" : "pigg_test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 0.4700036,
"_source" : {
"name" : "胖丫"
}
}
]
3.4 都有时，excludes优先级>includes优先级
GET pigg_test/_search
{
"query": {
"term": {
"interest": {
"value": "food"
}
}
},
"_source": {
"includes": ["interest", "name"],
"excludes": ["interest", "about"]
}
}
includes包含了interest，但excludes也包含了excludes。
返回结果中只有name。
...省略别的信息...
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "pigg_test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 0.4700036,
"_source" : {
"name" : "冬哥"
}
},
{
"_index" : "pigg_test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 0.4700036,
"_source" : {
"name" : "胖丫"
}
}
]