在python提示符下，help(int)可以得到 class int 的帮助； help("math") 可以得到 built-in module math 的帮助；...等等
>>> help(int)
Help on class int in module builtins:
class int(object)
| int([x]) -> integer
| int(x, base=10) -> integer
|
| Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments
| are given. If x is a number, return x.__int__(). For floating point
| numbers, this truncates towards zero.
|
| If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string,
| bytes, or bytearray instance representing an integer literal in the
| given base. The literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded
| by whitespace. The base defaults to 10. Valid bases are 0 and 2-36.
| Base 0 means to interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.
| >>> int('0b100', base=0)
| 4
|
| Built-in subclasses:
| bool
|
| Methods defined here:
|
| __abs__(self, /)
| abs(self)
|
| __add__(self, value, /)
| Return self+value.
|
| __and__(self, value, /)
| Return self&value.
|
| __bool__(self, /)
| self != 0
|
| __ceil__(...)
| Ceiling of an Integral returns itself.
|
| __divmod__(self, value, /)
| Return divmod(self, value).
|
| __eq__(self, value, /)
| Return self==value.
|
| __float__(self, /)
| float(self)
|
| __floor__(...)
| Flooring an Integral returns itself.
|
| __floordiv__(self, value, /)
| Return self//value.
|
| __format__(self, format_spec, /)
| Default object formatter.
|
| __ge__(self, value, /)
| Return self>=value.
|
| __getattribute__(self, name, /)
| Return getattr(self, name).
|
| __getnewargs__(self, /)
|
| __gt__(self, value, /)
| Return self>value.
|
| __hash__(self, /)
| Return hash(self).
|
| __index__(self, /)
| Return self converted to an integer, if self is suitable for use as an index into a list.
|
| __int__(self, /)
| int(self)
|
| __invert__(self, /)
| ~self
|
| __le__(self, value, /)
| Return self<=value.
|
| __lshift__(self, value, /)
| Return self<<value.
|
| __lt__(self, value, /)
| Return self<value.
|
| __mod__(self, value, /)
| Return self%value.
|
| __mul__(self, value, /)
| Return self*value.
|
| __ne__(self, value, /)
| Return self!=value.
|
| __neg__(self, /)
| -self
|
| __or__(self, value, /)
| Return self|value.
|
| __pos__(self, /)
| +self
|
| __pow__(self, value, mod=None, /)
| Return pow(self, value, mod).
|
| __radd__(self, value, /)
| Return value+self.
|
| __rand__(self, value, /)
| Return value&self.
|
| __rdivmod__(self, value, /)
| Return divmod(value, self).
|
| __repr__(self, /)
| Return repr(self).
|
| __rfloordiv__(self, value, /)
| Return value//self.
|
| __rlshift__(self, value, /)
| Return value<<self.
|
| __rmod__(self, value, /)
| Return value%self.
|
| __rmul__(self, value, /)
| Return value*self.
|
| __ror__(self, value, /)
| Return value|self.
|
| __round__(...)
| Rounding an Integral returns itself.
| Rounding with an ndigits argument also returns an integer.
|
| __rpow__(self, value, mod=None, /)
| Return pow(value, self, mod).
|
| __rrshift__(self, value, /)
| Return value>>self.
|
| __rshift__(self, value, /)
| Return self>>value.
|
| __rsub__(self, value, /)
| Return value-self.
|
| __rtruediv__(self, value, /)
| Return value/self.
|
| __rxor__(self, value, /)
| Return value^self.
|
| __sizeof__(self, /)
| Returns size in memory, in bytes.
|
| __sub__(self, value, /)
| Return self-value.
|
| __truediv__(self, value, /)
| Return self/value.
|
| __trunc__(...)
| Truncating an Integral returns itself.
|
| __xor__(self, value, /)
| Return self^value.
|
| as_integer_ratio(self, /)
| Return integer ratio.
|
| Return a pair of integers, whose ratio is exactly equal to the original int
| and with a positive denominator.
|
| >>> (10).as_integer_ratio()
| (10, 1)
| >>> (-10).as_integer_ratio()
| (-10, 1)
| >>> (0).as_integer_ratio()
| (0, 1)
|
| bit_length(self, /)
| Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary.
|
| >>> bin(37)
| '0b100101'
| >>> (37).bit_length()
| 6
|
| conjugate(...)
| Returns self, the complex conjugate of any int.
|
| to_bytes(self, /, length, byteorder, *, signed=False)
| Return an array of bytes representing an integer.
|
| length
| Length of bytes object to use. An OverflowError is raised if the
| integer is not representable with the given number of bytes.
| byteorder
| The byte order used to represent the integer. If byteorder is 'big',
| the most significant byte is at the beginning of the byte array. If
| byteorder is 'little', the most significant byte is at the end of the
| byte array. To request the native byte order of the host system, use
| `sys.byteorder' as the byte order value.
| signed
| Determines whether two's complement is used to represent the integer.
| If signed is False and a negative integer is given, an OverflowError
| is raised.
|
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Class methods defined here:
|
| from_bytes(bytes, byteorder, *, signed=False) from builtins.type
| Return the integer represented by the given array of bytes.
|
| bytes
| Holds the array of bytes to convert. The argument must either
| support the buffer protocol or be an iterable object producing bytes.
| Bytes and bytearray are examples of built-in objects that support the
| buffer protocol.
| byteorder
| The byte order used to represent the integer. If byteorder is 'big',
| the most significant byte is at the beginning of the byte array. If
| byteorder is 'little', the most significant byte is at the end of the
| byte array. To request the native byte order of the host system, use
| `sys.byteorder' as the byte order value.
| signed
| Indicates whether two's complement is used to represent the integer.
|
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Static methods defined here:
|
| __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
| Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature.
|
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Data descriptors defined here:
|
| denominator
| the denominator of a rational number in lowest terms
|
| imag
| the imaginary part of a complex number
|
| numerator
| the numerator of a rational number in lowest terms
|
| real
| the real part of a complex number可以用以下代码，批量抓取帮助文档，部分文档的内容很有学习参考价值。
import sys
str=["int","float","complex","str","array","list","tuple","set","dict",
"math","cmath","random","sys","os","json","pickle","shelve","xml",
"re","logging","getpass","subprocess","hashlib","shutil","time",
"datetime","configparser","traceback","itertools",
"openpyxl","pyautogui","pymysql","numpy","pandas","scipy","six",
"matplotlib","pybrain","ipython","seaborn","anaconda","yaml",
"esptool","jupyter","sympy","markupsafe","pymsgbox","mouseifo",
"win32api","win32con","win32gui","help"]
i = 0
out = sys.stdout #保存标准输出流
for s in str:
i += 1
fn = "help" + ("%03d" % i) + "_" + s + ".txt"
f=open(fn, 'w')
sys.stdout = f
help(s)
f.close()
sys.stdout = out #恢复标准输出流
print("end")帮助文档清单：
E:\Python>dir help*
驱动器 E 中的卷没有标签。
卷的序列号是 000D-8746E:\Python 的目录
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 7,376 help001_int.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 5,393 help002_float.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 3,055 help003_complex.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 15,060 help004_str.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 18,132 help005_array.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 3,730 help006_list.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 2,026 help007_tuple.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 4,323 help008_set.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 3,891 help009_dict.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 8,109 help010_math.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 2,949 help011_cmath.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 25,506 help012_random.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 15,424 help013_sys.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 51,197 help014_os.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 24,838 help015_json.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 21,188 help016_pickle.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 18,570 help017_shelve.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 1,225 help018_xml.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 18,428 help019_re.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 51,018 help020_logging.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 3,728 help021_getpass.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 22,244 help022_subprocess.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 14,001 help023_hashlib.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 23,320 help024_shutil.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 11,092 help025_time.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 21,670 help026_datetime.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 79,356 help027_configparser.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 18,562 help028_traceback.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 20,645 help029_itertools.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 942 help030_openpyxl.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 50,019 help031_pyautogui.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 83,204 help032_pymysql.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 2,573,280 help033_numpy.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 3,354 help034_pandas.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 1,866,667 help035_scipy.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 21,210 help036_six.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 24,818 help037_matplotlib.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 73 help038_pybrain.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 139 help039_ipython.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 733 help040_seaborn.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 140 help041_anaconda.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 13,057 help042_yaml.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 187,145 help043_esptool.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 200 help044_jupyter.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 30,978,676 help045_sympy.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 20,481 help046_markupsafe.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 1,705 help047_pymsgbox.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 140 help048_mouseifo.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 10,124 help049_win32api.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 129,227 help050_win32con.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 13,720 help051_win32gui.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:23 126,032 help052_help.txt
2021/03/24 周三 23:24 833,031 help_Python.rar
53 个文件 37,454,173 字节
0 个目录 162,196,828,160 可用字节E:\Python>
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