项目要求:
1.lnmp实现多个虚拟主机,分别部署wordpress和phpmyadmin应用,并设置phpmyadmin仅能通过https协议访问;
2.配置即使客户端通过http协议访问phpmyadmin站点,最终也可以让用户使用https重新请求访问;
3.将图片保存至一台单独的服务器,上传的图片也放置于该图片服务器上;
一、环境:lnmp=Linux+Nginx+MariaDB+PHP
在Linux中配置所需必要的环境:
1.在CentOS系和RHEL系列的发行版操作系统中,本地光盘并没有提供Nginx应用程序,所以我们一般有两种方法安装:
1).编译安装Nginx;(此项目使用安装方式)
2).rpm安装Nginx;
1).编译安装:
编译源代码(测试环境安装,例如安装淘宝的TNginx):
1.安装好编译环境:yum -y groupinstall Development tools Server Platform Development
2.可能需要提供额外的开发包:
openssl-devel(支持ssl,从而实现网站的https访问), pcre-devel(基于正则表达式去匹配), libevent-devel(基于事件完成数据的IO调度)
3. nginx-1.12.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx112 --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error_log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access_log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/subsys/nginx.lock --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-threads --with-file-aio --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre --with-stream
4. ~]# make -j # && make install
注意:在启动nginx服务进程之前,需要创建出nginx用户和nginx组;
这里是在联网环境下编译安装Nginx: 配置安装环境: [root@chenliang ~]# yum -y groupinstall Development tools Server Platform Development [root@chenliang ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel libevent-devel 在指定站点下载Nginx程序的源代码包: [root@chenliang ~]# wget -c http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz 解压下载的源代码包: [root@chenliang ~]# tar xvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz 进入解压后的目录: [root@chenliang ~]# cd nginx-1.12.0/ 编译: [root@chenliang nginx-1.12.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx112 --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error_log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access_log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/subsys/nginx.lock --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-threads --with-file-aio --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre --with-stream 安装: [root@chenliang nginx-1.12.0]# make -j 4 && make install 创建Nginx用户和组: [root@chenliang ~]# id nginx uid=990(nginx) gid=985(nginx) 组=985(nginx) 启动Nginx服务: 语法检查: [root@chenliang nginx-1.12.0]# nginx -t 启动: [root@chenliang nginx-1.12.0]# nginx 查看服务启动状态: [root@chenliang ~]# ss -tnlp LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* users:(("nginx",pid=3184,fd=6),("nginx",pid=3183,fd=6),("nginx",pid=3182,fd=6),("nginx",pid=3181,fd=6)) 至此,编译安装Nginx程序完成。
2)rpm安装:
设置对应的yum安装源,实现rpm包安装Nginx(标准化安装,大规模服务器或集群上安装,方便日后进行自动化管理):
nginx官方预制的安装包:
http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch
Fedora-EPEL源中提供的安装包:
http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/7/x86_64/Packages/n/
在yum源中设置添加Nginx的下载地址(需要在联网状态下进行):
[root@chenliang ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
> [nginx]
> name=nginx repo
> baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
> gpgcheck=0
> enabled=1
[root@chenliang ~]#yum clean all
[root@chenliang ~]#yum makecache
安装Nginx:
[root@chenliang ~]#yum install nginx -y
启动Nginx服务:
[root@chenliang ~]#nginx
查看启动Nginx的状态(可以看到现在服务器的80端口是nginx在监听):
[root@chenliang ~]# ss -tnlp
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* users:(("nginx",pid=4481,fd=6),("nginx",pid=4477,fd=6))
2.安装数据库环境,PHP应用程序环境:
[root@chenliang ~]# yum install -y php-fpm php-mysql mariadb-server
并启动相应的服务:
[root@chenliang ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service //启动数据库
[root@chenliang nginx-1.12.2]# systemctl start php-fpm.service
各项服务启动后的状态查看:
![](http://i2.51cto.com/images/blog/201806/01/dc9da83f60201c28ca2a3cf66953e205.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
3.防火墙和SELinux配置:
![](http://i2.51cto.com/images/blog/201805/31/b3e61de5786ecc597b156827c1790dd4.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
4.在 /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 中配置Nginx基于域名的虚拟主机:
第一台虚拟主机用来部署搭建WordPress:
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.clhost1.com;
location / {
root /myweb/host1;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
location ~* \.php$ {
root /web/host1;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /myweb/host1/$fastcgi_script_name;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
}
}
第二台虚拟主机用来搭建phpmyadmin:
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.clhost2.com;
location / {
root /myweb/host1;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /myweb/host1;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /web/host1/$fastcgi_script_name;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
}
}
5.创建站点首页访问路径:
[root@chenliang ~]# mkdir /myweb/host{1,2} -pv
mkdir: 已创建目录 "/myweb"
mkdir: 已创建目录 "/myweb/host1"
mkdir: 已创建目录 "/myweb/host2"
创建首页文件:
[root@chenliang ~]# echo "nginx's page1" >> /myweb/host1/index.html
[root@chenliang ~]# echo "nginx's page2" >> /myweb/host2/index.html
而后检查语法错误后启动Nginx服务:
[root@chenliang ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@chenliang ~]# nginx -s reload
二、搭建虚拟主机,分别部署wordpress和phpmyadmin应用
1.配置php-fpm服务:
更改进程所有者:
[root@chenliang ~]# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
user = nginx
group = nginx
2.
3.创建访问路径:
[root@chenliang ~]# mkdir /myweb/host{1,2} -pv
mkdir: 已创建目录 "/myweb"
mkdir: 已创建目录 "/myweb/host1"
mkdir: 已创建目录 "/myweb/host2"
创建首页文件:
[root@chenliang ~]# echo "nginx's page1" >> /myweb/host1/index.php
[root@chenliang ~]# echo "nginx's page2" >> /myweb/host2/index.php