一、操作语句
建立表空间 MYDATE
CREATE TABLESPACE "MYDATE" DATAFILE 'D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\ORCL\MYDATE' SIZE 1500M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 200M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED LOGGING EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO
建立用户highill,密码highill 并授权
-- Create the user highill create user highill identified by highill default tablespace MYDATA temporary tablespace TEMP profile DEFAULT; -- Grant/Revoke role privileges grant connect to highill; grant dba to highill; grant resource to highill; -- Grant/Revoke system privileges grant unlimited tablespace to highill with admin option;
--修改表空间大小
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 'D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\ORCL\MYDATA' RESIZE 32000M
数据库导入导出需要再cmd命令下进行
导出文件
cmd > exp highill/highill@ORCL file=d:/highill_2012.dmp
导入文件(需要清空用户下所有函数、存储过程、表、视图、物化视图等)
cmd > imp highill/highill@ORCL file=d:/highill_2012.dmp full=y
仅导入一个表MYTABLE
imp highill/highill@ORCL file=d:/highill_2012.dmp tables=(MYTABLE)
二、下边说一下常用的SQL维护语句吧
都是在PL/SQL环境下测试过的
--oracle传递参数 OBJECT_NAME = UPPER('&table_name');
--1.用户
-----查看当前用户的缺省表空间
SELECT USERNAME, DEFAULT_TABLESPACE FROM USER_USERS;
-----查看当前用户的角色
SELECT * FROM USER_ROLE_PRIVS;
-----查看当前用户的系统权限和表级权限
SELECT * FROM USER_SYS_PRIVS; SELECT * FROM USER_TAB_PRIVS;
-----显示当前会话所具有的权限
SELECT * FROM SESSION_PRIVS;-----显示指定用户所具有的系统权限
SELECT * FROM DBA_SYS_PRIVS WHERE GRANTEE = 'highill';
--2.表
-----查看用户下所有的表
SELECT * FROM USER_TABLES; SELECT * FROM ALL_TABLES;
-----查看名称包含log字符的表
SELECT OBJECT_NAME, OBJECT_ID FROM USER_OBJECTS WHERE INSTR(OBJECT_NAME, 'LOG') > 0;
-----查看某表的创建时间
SELECT USER_OBJECTS.* FROM USER_OBJECTS WHERE OBJECT_NAME IN (SELECT USER_TABLES.TABLE_NAME FROM USER_TABLES);
-----查看某表的大小
-------输入查询
SELECT SUM(BYTES) / (1024 * 1024) AS "size(M)" FROM USER_SEGMENTS WHERE SEGMENT_NAME = 'MYTABLE';
-------查询用户下所有表大小
SELECT USER_TABLES.TABLE_NAME, SUM(BYTES) / (1024 * 1024) AS "size(M)" FROM USER_TABLES, USER_SEGMENTS WHERE USER_SEGMENTS.SEGMENT_NAME = USER_TABLES.TABLE_NAME GROUP BY USER_TABLES.TABLE_NAME;
-----查看放在ORACLE的内存区里的表
SELECT TABLE_NAME, CACHE FROM USER_TABLES WHERE INSTR(CACHE, 'Y') > 0;
--3.索引
-----查看索引个数和类别
SELECT * FROM USER_INDEXES ORDER BY TABLE_NAME;
-----查看索引被索引的字段
SELECT * FROM USER_IND_COLUMNS WHERE INDEX_NAME IN (SELECT USER_INDEXES.INDEX_NAME FROM USER_INDEXES);
-----查看索引的大小
SELECT USER_INDEXES.INDEX_NAME, SUM(BYTES) / (1024 * 1024) AS "size(M)" FROM USER_SEGMENTS, USER_INDEXES WHERE USER_SEGMENTS.SEGMENT_NAME = USER_INDEXES.INDEX_NAME GROUP BY USER_INDEXES.INDEX_NAME;
--4.序列号
-----查看序列号,last_number是当前值
SELECT * FROM USER_SEQUENCES;
--5.视图
-----查看视图的名称
SELECT * FROM USER_VIEWS;
--6.同义词
-----查看同义词的名称
SELECT * FROM USER_SYNONYMS;
--7.约束条件
-----查看某表的约束条件
SELECT * FROM USER_CONSTRAINTS WHERE TABLE_NAME IN (SELECT USER_TABLES.TABLE_NAME FROM USER_TABLES); SELECT USER_CONSTRAINTS.*, USER_CONS_COLUMNS.* FROM USER_CONSTRAINTS, USER_CONS_COLUMNS WHERE USER_CONSTRAINTS.TABLE_NAME IN (SELECT USER_TABLES.TABLE_NAME FROM USER_TABLES) AND USER_CONSTRAINTS.OWNER = USER_CONS_COLUMNS.OWNER AND USER_CONSTRAINTS.CONSTRAINT_NAME = USER_CONS_COLUMNS.CONSTRAINT_NAME ORDER BY USER_CONS_COLUMNS.POSITION;
--8.存储函数和过程
-----查看函数和过程的状态
SELECT * FROM USER_OBJECTS WHERE OBJECT_TYPE = 'FUNCTION'; SELECT * FROM USER_OBJECTS WHERE OBJECT_TYPE = 'PROCEDURE';
-----查看函数和过程的源代码
SELECT * FROM ALL_SOURCE WHERE NAME IN (SELECT USER_OBJECTS.OBJECT_NAME FROM USER_OBJECTS WHERE USER_OBJECTS.OBJECT_TYPE IN ('FUNCTION', 'PROCEDURE'));
三、查看表空间用量
--查询表空间 使用量 方法
SELECT DBF.TABLESPACE_NAME AS "表空间", DBF.TOTALSPACE AS "总量(M)", (DBF.TOTALSPACE - DFS.FREESPACE) AS "使用总量(M)", DFS.FREESPACE AS "空闲总量(M)", DBF.TOTALBLOCKS AS "总块数", (DBF.TOTALBLOCKS - DFS.FREEBLOCKS) AS "使用块数", DFS.FREEBLOCKS AS "空闲块数", (1 - (DFS.FREESPACE / DBF.TOTALSPACE)) * 100 AS "使用比例", (DFS.FREESPACE / DBF.TOTALSPACE) * 100 AS "空闲比例" FROM (SELECT T.TABLESPACE_NAME, SUM(T.BYTES) / 1024 / 1024 TOTALSPACE, SUM(T.BLOCKS) TOTALBLOCKS FROM DBA_DATA_FILES T GROUP BY T.TABLESPACE_NAME) DBF, (SELECT TT.TABLESPACE_NAME, SUM(TT.BYTES) / 1024 / 1024 FREESPACE, SUM(TT.BLOCKS) FREEBLOCKS FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE TT GROUP BY TT.TABLESPACE_NAME) DFS WHERE TRIM(DBF.TABLESPACE_NAME) = TRIM(DFS.TABLESPACE_NAME);