Sql存储过程分页性能

在项目中，我们经常遇到或用到分页，那么在大数据量（百万级以上）下，哪种分页算法效率最优呢？我们不妨用事实说话。

测试环境

硬件：CPU 酷睿双核T5750 内存：2G

软件:Windows server 2003 + Sql server 2005

OK,我们首先创建一数据库：data_Test,并在此数据库中创建一表：tb_TestTable

create database data_Test -- 创建数据库data_Test
2

GO
3

use data_Test
4

GO
5

create table tb_TestTable -- 创建表
6

(
7

id int identity ( 1 , 1 ) primary key ,
8

userName nvarchar ( 20 ) not null ,
9

userPWD nvarchar ( 20 ) not null ,
10

userEmail nvarchar ( 40 ) null
11

)
12

然后我们在数据表中插入2000000条数据:

-- 插入数据
2

set identity_insert tb_TestTable on
3

declare @count int
4

set @count = 1
5

while @count <= 2000000
6

begin
7

insert into tb_TestTable(id,userName,userPWD,userEmail) values ( @count , ' admin ' , ' admin888 ' , ' [email protected] ' )
8

set @count = @count + 1
9

end
10

set identity_insert tb_TestTable off

我首先写了五个常用存储过程：

1，利用select top 和select not in进行分页，具体代码如下：

从测试结果来看，使用2分法确实可以提高效率并使效率更为稳定，我又增加了第159999页的测试，用时仅296ms，效果相当的不错！

下面是2分法使用select max的代码，已相当完善。

-- /*----- 对数据进行了2分处理使查询前半部分数据与查询后半部分数据性能相同 -------*/
4

alter PROCEDURE proc_paged_2part_selectMax
6

(
7

@tblName nvarchar ( 200 ), -- --要显示的表或多个表的连接
8

@fldName nvarchar ( 500 ) = ' * ' , -- --要显示的字段列表
9

@pageSize int = 10 , -- --每页显示的记录个数
10

@page int = 1 , -- --要显示那一页的记录
11

@fldSort nvarchar ( 200 ) = null , -- --排序字段列表或条件
12

@Sort bit = 0 , -- --排序方法，0为升序，1为降序(如果是多字段排列Sort指代最后一个排序字段的排列顺序(最后一个排序字段不加排序标记)--程序传参如：' SortA Asc,SortB Desc,SortC ')
13

@strCondition nvarchar ( 1000 ) = null , -- --查询条件,不需where
14

@ID nvarchar ( 150 ), -- --主表的主键
15

@Dist bit = 0 , -- --是否添加查询字段的 DISTINCT 默认0不添加/1添加
16

@pageCount int = 1 output, -- --查询结果分页后的总页数
17

@Counts int = 1 output -- --查询到的记录数
18

)
19

AS
20

SET NOCOUNT ON
21

Declare @sqlTmp nvarchar ( 1000 ) -- --存放动态生成的SQL语句
22

Declare @strTmp nvarchar ( 1000 ) -- --存放取得查询结果总数的查询语句
23

Declare @strID nvarchar ( 1000 ) -- --存放取得查询开头或结尾ID的查询语句
24

Declare @strSortType nvarchar ( 10 ) -- --数据排序规则A
26

Declare @strFSortType nvarchar ( 10 ) -- --数据排序规则B
27

Declare @SqlSelect nvarchar ( 50 ) -- --对含有DISTINCT的查询进行SQL构造
29

Declare @SqlCounts nvarchar ( 50 ) -- --对含有DISTINCT的总数查询进行SQL构造
30

declare @timediff datetime -- 耗时测试时间差
32

select @timediff = getdate ()
33

if @Dist = 0
35

begin
36

set @SqlSelect = ' select '
37

set @SqlCounts = ' Count(*) '
38

end
39

else
40

begin
41

set @SqlSelect = ' select distinct '
42

set @SqlCounts = ' Count(DISTINCT ' + @ID + ' ) '
43

end
44

if @Sort = 0
47

begin
48

set @strFSortType = ' ASC '
49

set @strSortType = ' DESC '
50

end
51

else
52

begin
53

set @strFSortType = ' DESC '
54

set @strSortType = ' ASC '
55

end
56

-- ------生成查询语句--------
60

-- 此处@strTmp为取得查询结果数量的语句
61

if @strCondition is null or @strCondition = '' -- 没有设置显示条件
62

begin
63

set @sqlTmp = @fldName + ' From ' + @tblName
64

set @strTmp = @SqlSelect + ' @Counts= ' + @SqlCounts + ' FROM ' + @tblName
65

set @strID = ' From ' + @tblName
66

end
67

else
68

begin
69

set @sqlTmp = + @fldName + ' From ' + @tblName + ' where (1>0) ' + @strCondition
70

set @strTmp = @SqlSelect + ' @Counts= ' + @SqlCounts + ' FROM ' + @tblName + ' where (1>0) ' + @strCondition
71

set @strID = ' From ' + @tblName + ' where (1>0) ' + @strCondition
72

end
73

-- --取得查询结果总数量-----
75

exec sp_executesql @strTmp ,N ' @Counts int out ' , @Counts out
76

declare @tmpCounts int
77

if @Counts = 0
78

set @tmpCounts = 1
79

else
80

set @tmpCounts = @Counts
81

-- 取得分页总数
83

set @pageCount = ( @tmpCounts + @pageSize - 1 ) / @pageSize
84

/**/ /* *当前页大于总页数取最后一页* */
86

if @page > @pageCount
87

set @page = @pageCount
88

-- /*-----数据分页2分处理-------*/
90

declare @pageIndex int -- 总数/页大小
91

declare @lastcount int -- 总数%页大小
92

set @pageIndex = @tmpCounts / @pageSize
94

set @lastcount = @tmpCounts % @pageSize
95

if @lastcount > 0
96

set @pageIndex = @pageIndex + 1
97

else
98

set @lastcount = @pagesize
99

100

-- //***显示分页
101

if @strCondition is null or @strCondition = '' -- 没有设置显示条件
102

begin
103

if @pageIndex < 2 or @page <= @pageIndex / 2 + @pageIndex % 2 -- 前半部分数据处理
104

begin
105

if @page = 1
106

set @strTmp = @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize as VARCHAR ( 4 )) + ' ' + @fldName + ' from ' + @tblName
107

+ ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType
108

else
109

begin
110

if @Sort = 1
111

begin
112

set @strTmp = @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize as VARCHAR ( 4 )) + ' ' + @fldName + ' from ' + @tblName
113

+ ' where ' + @ID + ' <(select min( ' + @ID + ' ) from ( ' + @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize * ( @page - 1 ) as Varchar ( 20 )) + ' ' + @ID + ' from ' + @tblName
114

+ ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType + ' ) AS TBMinID) '
115

+ ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType
116

end
117

else
118

begin
119

set @strTmp = @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize as VARCHAR ( 4 )) + ' ' + @fldName + ' from ' + @tblName
120

+ ' where ' + @ID + ' >(select max( ' + @ID + ' ) from ( ' + @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize * ( @page - 1 ) as Varchar ( 20 )) + ' ' + @ID + ' from ' + @tblName
121

+ ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType + ' ) AS TBMinID) '
122

+ ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType
123

end
124

end
125

end
126

else
127

begin
128

set @page = @pageIndex - @page + 1 -- 后半部分数据处理
129

if @page <= 1 -- 最后一页数据显示
130

set @strTmp = @SqlSelect + ' * from ( ' + @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @lastcount as VARCHAR ( 4 )) + ' ' + @fldName + ' from ' + @tblName
131

+ ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strSortType + ' ) AS TempTB ' + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType
132

else
133

if @Sort = 1
134

begin
135

set @strTmp = @SqlSelect + ' * from ( ' + @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize as VARCHAR ( 4 )) + ' ' + @fldName + ' from ' + @tblName
136

+ ' where ' + @ID + ' >(select max( ' + @ID + ' ) from( ' + @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize * ( @page - 2 ) + @lastcount as Varchar ( 20 )) + ' ' + @ID + ' from ' + @tblName
137

+ ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strSortType + ' ) AS TBMaxID) '
138

+ ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strSortType + ' ) AS TempTB ' + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType
139

end
140

else
141

begin
142

set @strTmp = @SqlSelect + ' * from ( ' + @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize as VARCHAR ( 4 )) + ' ' + @fldName + ' from ' + @tblName
143

+ ' where ' + @ID + ' <(select min( ' + @ID + ' ) from( ' + @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize * ( @page - 2 ) + @lastcount as Varchar ( 20 )) + ' ' + @ID + ' from ' + @tblName
144

+ ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strSortType + ' ) AS TBMaxID) '
145

+ ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strSortType + ' ) AS TempTB ' + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType
146

end
147

end
148

end
149

150

else -- 有查询条件
151

begin
152

if @pageIndex < 2 or @page <= @pageIndex / 2 + @pageIndex % 2 -- 前半部分数据处理
153

begin
154

if @page = 1
155

set @strTmp = @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize as VARCHAR ( 4 )) + ' ' + @fldName + ' from ' + @tblName
156

+ ' where 1=1 ' + @strCondition + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType
157

else if ( @Sort = 1 )
158

begin
159

set @strTmp = @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize as VARCHAR ( 4 )) + ' ' + @fldName + ' from ' + @tblName
160

+ ' where ' + @ID + ' <(select min( ' + @ID + ' ) from ( ' + @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize * ( @page - 1 ) as Varchar ( 20 )) + ' ' + @ID + ' from ' + @tblName
161

+ ' where (1=1) ' + @strCondition + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType + ' ) AS TBMinID) '
162

+ ' ' + @strCondition + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType
163

end
164

else
165

begin
166

set @strTmp = @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize as VARCHAR ( 4 )) + ' ' + @fldName + ' from ' + @tblName
167

+ ' where ' + @ID + ' >(select max( ' + @ID + ' ) from ( ' + @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize * ( @page - 1 ) as Varchar ( 20 )) + ' ' + @ID + ' from ' + @tblName
168

+ ' where (1=1) ' + @strCondition + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType + ' ) AS TBMinID) '
169

+ ' ' + @strCondition + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType
170

end
171

end
172

else
173

begin
174

set @page = @pageIndex - @page + 1 -- 后半部分数据处理
175

if @page <= 1 -- 最后一页数据显示
176

set @strTmp = @SqlSelect + ' * from ( ' + @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @lastcount as VARCHAR ( 4 )) + ' ' + @fldName + ' from ' + @tblName
177

+ ' where (1=1) ' + @strCondition + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strSortType + ' ) AS TempTB ' + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType
178

else if ( @Sort = 1 )
179

set @strTmp = @SqlSelect + ' * from ( ' + @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize as VARCHAR ( 4 )) + ' ' + @fldName + ' from ' + @tblName
180

+ ' where ' + @ID + ' >(select max( ' + @ID + ' ) from( ' + @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize * ( @page - 2 ) + @lastcount as Varchar ( 20 )) + ' ' + @ID + ' from ' + @tblName
181

+ ' where (1=1) ' + @strCondition + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strSortType + ' ) AS TBMaxID) '
182

+ ' ' + @strCondition + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strSortType + ' ) AS TempTB ' + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType
183

else
184

set @strTmp = @SqlSelect + ' * from ( ' + @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize as VARCHAR ( 4 )) + ' ' + @fldName + ' from ' + @tblName
185

+ ' where ' + @ID + ' <(select min( ' + @ID + ' ) from( ' + @SqlSelect + ' top ' + CAST ( @pageSize * ( @page - 2 ) + @lastcount as Varchar ( 20 )) + ' ' + @ID + ' from ' + @tblName
186

+ ' where (1=1) ' + @strCondition + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strSortType + ' ) AS TBMaxID) '
187

+ ' ' + @strCondition + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strSortType + ' ) AS TempTB ' + ' order by ' + @fldSort + ' ' + @strFSortType
188

end
189

end
190

191

-- ----返回查询结果-----
192

exec sp_executesql @strTmp
193

select datediff (ms, @timediff , getdate ()) as 耗时
194

-- print @strTmp
195

SET NOCOUNT OFF
196

GO
197

执行示例：exec proc_paged_2part_selectMax 'tb_testTable','ID,userName,userPWD,userEmail',10,100000,'ID',0,null,'ID',0

这种测试只在单机进行，并且没有在实际开发WEB项目中分页测试，测试项也比较单一，所以不够全面系统，但从其效率相比上，我们可以在数据库分页算法上进行有效的控制。

create procedure proc_paged_with_notin -- 利用select top and select not in
2

(
3

@pageIndex int , -- 页索引
4

@pageSize int -- 每页记录数
5

)
6

as
7

begin
8

set nocount on ;
9

declare @timediff datetime -- 耗时
10

declare @sql nvarchar ( 500 )
11

select @timediff = Getdate ()
12

set @sql = ' select top ' + str ( @pageSize ) + ' * from tb_TestTable where(ID not in(select top ' + str ( @pageSize * @pageIndex ) + ' id from tb_TestTable order by ID ASC)) order by ID '
13

execute ( @sql ) -- 因select top后不支技直接接参数，所以写成了字符串@sql
14

select datediff (ms, @timediff , GetDate ()) as 耗时
15

set nocount off ;
16

end

2,利用select top 和 select max(列键)

create procedure proc_paged_with_selectMax -- 利用select top and select max(列)
2

(
3

@pageIndex int , -- 页索引
4

@pageSize int -- 页记录数
5

)
6

as
7

begin
8

set nocount on ;
9

declare @timediff datetime
10

declare @sql nvarchar ( 500 )
11

select @timediff = Getdate ()
12

set @sql = ' select top ' + str ( @pageSize ) + ' * From tb_TestTable where(ID>(select max(id) From (select top ' + str ( @pageSize * @pageIndex ) + ' id From tb_TestTable order by ID) as TempTable)) order by ID '
13

execute ( @sql )
14

select datediff (ms, @timediff , GetDate ()) as 耗时
15

set nocount off ;
16

end

3,利用select top和中间变量--此方法因网上有人说效果最佳，所以贴出来一同测试

create procedure proc_paged_with_Midvar -- 利用ID>最大ID值和中间变量
2

(
3

@pageIndex int ,
4

@pageSize int
5

)
6

as
7

declare @count int
8

declare @ID int
9

declare @timediff datetime
10

declare @sql nvarchar ( 500 )
11

begin
12

set nocount on ;
13

select @count = 0 , @ID = 0 , @timediff = getdate ()
14

select @count = @count + 1 , @ID = case when @count <= @pageSize * @pageIndex then ID else @ID end from tb_testTable order by id
15

set @sql = ' select top ' + str ( @pageSize ) + ' * from tb_testTable where ID> ' + str ( @ID )
16

execute ( @sql )
17

select datediff (ms, @timediff , getdate ()) as 耗时
18

set nocount off ;
19

end
20

4,利用Row_number() 此方法为SQL server 2005中新的方法,利用Row_number()给数据行加上索引

create procedure proc_paged_with_Rownumber -- 利用SQL 2005中的Row_number()
2

(
3

@pageIndex int ,
4

@pageSize int
5

)
6

as
7

declare @timediff datetime
8

begin
9

set nocount on ;
10

select @timediff = getdate ()
11

select * from ( select * ,Row_number() over ( order by ID asc ) as IDRank from tb_testTable) as IDWithRowNumber where IDRank > @pageSize * @pageIndex and IDRank < @pageSize * ( @pageIndex + 1 )
12

select datediff (ms, @timediff , getdate ()) as 耗时
13

set nocount off ;
14

end
15

5，利用临时表及Row_number

create procedure proc_CTE -- 利用临时表及Row_number
2

(
3

@pageIndex int , -- 页索引
4

@pageSize int -- 页记录数
5

)
6

as
7

set nocount on ;
8

declare @ctestr nvarchar ( 400 )
9

declare @strSql nvarchar ( 400 )
10

declare @datediff datetime
11

begin
12

select @datediff = GetDate ()
13

set @ctestr = ' with Table_CTE as
14

(select ceiling((Row_number() over(order by ID ASC))/ ' + str ( @pageSize ) + ' ) as page_num,* from tb_TestTable) ' ;
15

set @strSql = @ctestr + ' select * From Table_CTE where page_num= ' + str ( @pageIndex )
16

end
17

begin
18

execute sp_executesql @strSql
19

select datediff (ms, @datediff , GetDate ())
20

set nocount off ;
21

end
22

OK,至此，存储过程创建完毕，我们分别在每页10条数据的情况下在第2页，第1000页，第10000页，第100000页，第199999页进行测试，耗时单位：ms 每页测试5次取其平均值

存过	第2页耗时	第1000页耗时	第10000页耗时	第100000页耗时	第199999页耗时	效率排行
1用not in	0ms	16ms	47ms	475ms	953ms	3
2用select max	5ms	16ms	35ms	325ms	623ms	1
3中间变量	966ms	970ms	960ms	945ms	933ms	5
4row_number	0ms	0ms	34ms	365ms	710ms	2
4临时表	780ms	796ms	798ms	780ms	805ms	4

测试结果显示：select max >row_number>not in>临时表>中间变量

于是我对效率最高的select max方法用2分法进行了扩展，代码取自互联网，我修改了ASC排序时取不到值的BUG，测试结果:

2分法

156ms

180ms

470ms

156ms

Sql存储过程分页性能

猜你喜欢