Netty 是一个利用 Java 的高级网络的能力,隐藏底层的复杂性而提供一个易于使用/使用其服务器的 API 的客户端框架。
基于 Spring Boot + MyBatis Plus + Vue & Element 实现的后台管理系统 + 用户小程序,支持 RBAC 动态权限、多租户、数据权限、工作流、三方登录、支付、短信、商城等功能
- 项目地址:https://gitee.com/zhijiantianya/ruoyi-vue-pro
- 视频教程:https://doc.iocoder.cn/video/
Maven依赖
<dependencies> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.netty/netty-all -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.netty </groupId>
<artifactId>netty-all </artifactId>
<version>4.1.36.Final </version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
基于 Spring Cloud Alibaba + Gateway + Nacos + RocketMQ + Vue & Element 实现的后台管理系统 + 用户小程序,支持 RBAC 动态权限、多租户、数据权限、工作流、三方登录、支付、短信、商城等功能
- 项目地址:https://gitee.com/zhijiantianya/yudao-cloud
- 视频教程:https://doc.iocoder.cn/video/
启动器中需要new一个NettyServer,并显式调用netty。
@SpringBootApplicationpublic class SpringCloudStudyDemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudStudyDemoApplication .class,args);
try {
new NettyServer( 12345).start();
System.out.println( "https://blog.csdn.net/moshowgame");
System.out.println( "http://127.0.0.1:6688/netty-websocket/index");
} catch(Exception e) {
System.out.println( "NettyServerError:"+e.getMessage());
}
}
}
网络服务器
启动的NettyServer,这里进行配置
/** * NettyServer Netty服务器配置
* @author zhengkai.blog.csdn.net
* @date 2019-06-12
*/
public class NettyServer {
private final int port;
public NettyServer(int port) {
this.port = port;
}
public void start() throws Exception {
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
ServerBootstrap sb = new ServerBootstrap();
sb.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024);
sb.group(group, bossGroup) // 绑定线程池
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel .class) // 指定使用的channel
.localAddress(this.port)// 绑定监听端口
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { // 绑定客户端连接时候触发操作
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
System.out.println( "收到新连接");
//websocket协议本身是基于http协议的,所以这边也要使用http解编码器
ch.pipeline().addLast( new HttpServerCodec());
//以块的方式来写的处理器
ch.pipeline().addLast( new ChunkedWriteHandler());
ch.pipeline().addLast( new HttpObjectAggregator( 8192));
ch.pipeline().addLast( new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler( "/ws", null, true, 65536 * 10));
ch.pipeline().addLast( new MyWebSocketHandler());
}
});
ChannelFuture cf = sb.bind().sync(); // 服务器异步创建绑定
System.out.println(NettyServer .class + " 启动正在监听: " + cf.channel().localAddress());
cf.channel().closeFuture().sync(); // 关闭服务器通道
} finally {
group.shutdownGracefully().sync(); // 释放线程池资源
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync();
}
}
}
通道组池,管理所有websocket连接
/** * MyChannelHandlerPool
* 通道组池,管理所有websocket连接
* @author zhengkai.blog.csdn.net
* @date 2019-06-12
*/
public class MyChannelHandlerPool {
public MyChannelHandlerPool(){}
public static ChannelGroup channelGroup = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);
}
MyWebSocketHandler
处理ws一下几种情况:
- channelActive与客户端建立连接
- channelInactive与客户端连接破坏
- channelRead0客户端发送消息处理
* NettyServer Netty服务器配置
* @author zhengkai.blog.csdn.net
* @date 2019-06-12
*/
public class NettyServer {
private final int port;
public NettyServer(int port) {
this.port = port;
}
public void start() throws Exception {
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
ServerBootstrap sb = new ServerBootstrap();
sb.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024);
sb.group(group, bossGroup) // 绑定线程池
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel .class) // 指定使用的channel
.localAddress(this.port)// 绑定监听端口
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { // 绑定客户端连接时候触发操作
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
System.out.println( "收到新连接");
//websocket协议本身是基于http协议的,所以这边也要使用http解编码器
ch.pipeline().addLast( new HttpServerCodec());
//以块的方式来写的处理器
ch.pipeline().addLast( new ChunkedWriteHandler());
ch.pipeline().addLast( new HttpObjectAggregator( 8192));
ch.pipeline().addLast( new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler( "/ws", "WebSocket", true, 65536 * 10));
ch.pipeline().addLast( new MyWebSocketHandler());
}
});
ChannelFuture cf = sb.bind().sync(); // 服务器异步创建绑定
System.out.println(NettyServer .class + " 启动正在监听: " + cf.channel().localAddress());
cf.channel().closeFuture().sync(); // 关闭服务器通道
} finally {
group.shutdownGracefully().sync(); // 释放线程池资源
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync();
}
}
}
主要是连接ws,发送消息,以及消息反馈
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>Netty-Websocket </title>
<script type="text/javascript">
// by zhengkai.blog.csdn.net
var socket;
if(!window.WebSocket){
window.WebSocket = window.MozWebSocket;
}
if(window.WebSocket){
socket = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:12345/ws");
socket.onmessage = function(event){
var ta = document.getElementById('responseText');
ta.value += event.data+"\r\n";
};
socket.onopen = function(event){
var ta = document.getElementById('responseText');
ta.value = "Netty-WebSocket服务器。。。。。。连接 \r\n";
};
socket.onclose = function(event){
var ta = document.getElementById('responseText');
ta.value = "Netty-WebSocket服务器。。。。。。关闭 \r\n";
};
}else{
alert("您的浏览器不支持WebSocket协议!");
}
function send(message){
if(!window.WebSocket){ return;}
if(socket.readyState == WebSocket.OPEN){
socket.send(message);
}else{
alert("WebSocket 连接没有建立成功!");
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form onSubmit="return false;">
<label>ID </label> <input type="text" name="uid" value="${uid!!}" /> <br />
<label>TEXT </label> <input type="text" name="message" value="这里输入消息" /> <br />
<br /> <input type="button" value="发送ws消息"
onClick="send(this.form.uid.value+':'+this.form.message.value)" />
<hr color="black" />
<h3>服务端返回的应答消息 </h3>
<textarea id="responseText" style="width: 1024px;height: 300px;"> </textarea>
</form>
</body>
</html>
控制器
写好当然html还需要一个控制器来引导页面。
@RestControllerpublic class IndexController {
@GetMapping( "/index")
public ModelAndView index(){
ModelAndView mav= new ModelAndView( "socket");
mav.addObject( "uid", RandomUtil.randomNumbers( 6));
return mav;
}
}
1.首先,调整一下加载处理程序的顺序,优先MyWebSocketHandler在WebSocketServerProtocolHandler上面。
ch.pipeline().addLast( new MyWebSocketHandler());ch.pipeline().addLast( new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler( "/ws", null, true, 65536 * 10));
2.之后,会通过某种方式,会通过某种方式,获取一个完整的URL地址,是一个接受信息的MyWebSocketHandler话。channelRead``FullHttpRequest``FullHttpRequest.uri()``TextWebSocketFrame
public class MyWebSocketHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame> { @Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println( "与客户端建立连接,通道开启!");
//添加到channelGroup通道组
MyChannelHandlerPool.channelGroup.add(ctx.channel());
}
@Override
public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println( "与客户端断开连接,通道关闭!");
//添加到channelGroup 通道组
MyChannelHandlerPool.channelGroup.remove(ctx.channel());
}
@Override
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
//首次连接是FullHttpRequest,处理参数 by zhengkai.blog.csdn.net
if ( null != msg && msg instanceof FullHttpRequest) {
FullHttpRequest request = (FullHttpRequest) msg;
String uri = request.uri();
Map paramMap=getUrlParams(uri);
System.out.println( "接收到的参数是:"+JSON.toJSONString(paramMap));
//如果url包含参数,需要处理
if(uri.contains( "?")){
String newUri=uri.substring( 0,uri.indexOf( "?"));
System.out.println(newUri);
request.setUri(newUri);
}
} else if(msg instanceof TextWebSocketFrame){
//正常的TEXT消息类型
TextWebSocketFrame frame=(TextWebSocketFrame)msg;
System.out.println( "客户端收到服务器数据:" +frame.text());
sendAllMessage(frame.text());
}
super.channelRead(ctx, msg);
}
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, TextWebSocketFrame textWebSocketFrame) throws Exception {
}
private void sendAllMessage(String message){
//收到信息后,群发给所有channel
MyChannelHandlerPool.channelGroup.writeAndFlush( new TextWebSocketFrame(message));
}
private static Map getUrlParams(String url){
Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();
url = url.replace( "?", ";");
if (!url.contains( ";")){
return map;
}
if (url.split( ";").length > 0){
String[] arr = url.split( ";")[ 1].split( "&");
for (String s : arr){
String key = s.split( "=")[ 0];
String value = s.split( "=")[ 1];
map.put(key,value);
}
return map;
} else{
return map;
}
}
}
3.html中的ws地址也进行了改造
socket = new WebSocket( "ws://127.0.0.1:12345/ws?uid=666&gid=777");- 改造后输出情况
与客户端建立连接,通道开启!
接收到的参数是:{ "uid": "666", "gid": "777"}
/ws
客户端收到服务器数据: 142531:这里输入消息
客户端收到服务器数据: 142531:这里输入消息
客户端收到服务器数据: 142531:这里输入消息
失败:WebSocket 打开握手超时
听说是 ssl wss 的情况下会出现,来自@around-gao 的解决方法:
把MyWebSocketHandler和WebSocketServerProtocolHandler调下顺序就好了。