今天使用Junit单元测试写了个测试spring的AnnotationConfigApplicationContext()的测试方法，代码如下：
public class TestApplicationContext {
@Test
// ⬇️较为经典的容器，基于java配置类来创建
public void testAnnotationConfigApplicationContext() {
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Config.class);
for (String name : context.getBeanDefinitionNames()) {
System.out.println(name);
}
System.out.println(context.getBean(Bean2.class).getBean1());
}
@Configuration
class Config {
@Bean
public Bean1 bean1() {
return new Bean1();
}
@Bean
public Bean2 bean2(Bean1 bean1) {
Bean2 bean2 = new Bean2();
bean2.setBean1(bean1);
return bean2;
}
}
class Bean1 {
}
class Bean2 {
private Bean1 bean1;
public Bean1 getBean1() {
return bean1;
}
public void setBean1(Bean1 bean1) {
this.bean1 = bean1;
}
}
}
运行以后报了如下错误，大体意思是加载不到Config类：
org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'testApplicationContext.Config': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'top.jacktgq.TestApplicationContext' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {
}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:800)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:229)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireConstructor(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1372)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1222)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:582)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:953)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:918)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:583)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.<init>(AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.java:93)
at top.jacktgq.TestApplicationContext.testAnnotationConfigApplicationContext(TestApplicationContext.java:64)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:59)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:56)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:306)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner$1.evaluate(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:100)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:366)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:103)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$4.run(ParentRunner.java:331)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:79)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:329)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$100(ParentRunner.java:66)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:293)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:306)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:413)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:69)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater$1.execute(IdeaTestRunner.java:38)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.TestsRepeater.repeat(TestsRepeater.java:11)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:35)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:235)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:54)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'top.jacktgq.TestApplicationContext' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {
}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1799)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1355)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1309)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:887)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:791)
... 41 more
进程已结束,退出代码-1
网上查阅相关资料基本上都是说忘了加注解或者说是web.xml中忘了写配置。可是我这个就是普通的单元测试啊，根本用不着web.xml，而且注解什么的也加了。
经过本人的踩坑发现，我错误的原因是，我把待加载到spring容器并且被@Configuration注解修饰的Config类定义成了单元测试类的内部类，这会导致解析失败。
知道了原因以后解决的办法就很简单了，将相关内部类都移动到单元测试类的外部即可。代码如下：
public class TestApplicationContext {
@Test
// ⬇️较为经典的容器，基于java配置类来创建
public void testAnnotationConfigApplicationContext() {
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Config.class);
for (String name : context.getBeanDefinitionNames()) {
System.out.println(name);
}
System.out.println(context.getBean(Bean2.class).getBean1());
}
}
// 单元测试的过程中如果要解析一些Spring注解，比如@Configuration的时候不要把相关类定义到写单元测试类的内部类，会读取不到
@Configuration
class Config {
@Bean
public Bean1 bean1() {
return new Bean1();
}
@Bean
public Bean2 bean2(Bean1 bean1) {
Bean2 bean2 = new Bean2();
bean2.setBean1(bean1);
return bean2;
}
}
class Bean1 {
}
class Bean2 {
private Bean1 bean1;
public Bean1 getBean1() {
return bean1;
}
public void setBean1(Bean1 bean1) {
this.bean1 = bean1;
}
}