目录
引言
接着上篇：Spring Batch 批处理数据表，了解Spring Batch 涉及到数据表，接下来一起学习一下Spring Batch 批处理作业启动方式，这里介绍最常用的3种。
SpringBoot 启动
目前为止，上面所有的案例都是使用Spring Boot 原生功能来启动作业的，其核心类：JobLauncherApplicationRunner ， Spring Boot启动之后，马上调用该类run方法，然后将操作委托给SimpleJobLauncher类run方法执行。默认情况下，Spring Boot一启动马上执行作业。如果不想Spring Boot启动就执行，可以通过配置进行修改。
spring:
batch:
job:
enabled: false #false表示不启动Spring 单元测试启动
开发中如果想简单验证批处理逻辑是否能运行，可以使用单元测试方式启动作业
先引入spring-test测试依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>建立启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableBatchProcessing
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
}
}
建立测试类
package com.langfeiyes.batch._14_job_start_test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.batch.core.*;
import org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.JobBuilderFactory;
import org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.StepBuilderFactory;
import org.springframework.batch.core.launch.JobLauncher;
import org.springframework.batch.core.scope.context.ChunkContext;
import org.springframework.batch.core.step.tasklet.Tasklet;
import org.springframework.batch.core.step.tasklet.TaskletStep;
import org.springframework.batch.repeat.RepeatStatus;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
@SpringBootTest(classes = App.class)
public class StartJobTest {
//job调度器
@Autowired
private JobLauncher jobLauncher;
@Autowired
private JobBuilderFactory jobBuilderFactory;
@Autowired
private StepBuilderFactory stepBuilderFactory;
public Tasklet tasklet(){
return new Tasklet() {
@Override
public RepeatStatus execute(StepContribution contribution, ChunkContext chunkContext) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Hello SpringBatch....");
return RepeatStatus.FINISHED;
}
};
}
public Step step1(){
TaskletStep step1 = stepBuilderFactory.get("step1")
.tasklet(tasklet())
.build();
return step1;
}
//定义作业
public Job job(){
Job job = jobBuilderFactory.get("start-test-job")
.start(step1())
.build();
return job;
}
@Test
public void testStart() throws Exception{
//job作业启动
//参数1：作业实例，参数2：作业运行携带参数
jobLauncher.run(job(), new JobParameters());
}
}
跟之前的SpringBoot启动区别在于多了JobLauncher 对象的获取，再由这个对象调用run方法启动。
RESTful API 启动
如果批处理不是SpringBoot启动就启动，而是通过web请求控制，那该怎么办呢？不难，引入web环境即可
1>首先限制，不随SpringBoot启动而启动
spring:
batch:
job:
enabled: false #false表示不启动2>引入web 环境
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>3>编写启动类
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
}
}4>编写配置类
package com.langfeiyes.batch._15_job_start_restful;
import org.springframework.batch.core.Job;
import org.springframework.batch.core.Step;
import org.springframework.batch.core.StepContribution;
import org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.EnableBatchProcessing;
import org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.JobBuilderFactory;
import org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.StepBuilderFactory;
import org.springframework.batch.core.scope.context.ChunkContext;
import org.springframework.batch.core.step.tasklet.Tasklet;
import org.springframework.batch.core.step.tasklet.TaskletStep;
import org.springframework.batch.repeat.RepeatStatus;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@EnableBatchProcessing
@Configuration
public class BatchConfig {
@Autowired
private JobBuilderFactory jobBuilderFactory;
@Autowired
private StepBuilderFactory stepBuilderFactory;
@Bean
public Tasklet tasklet(){
return new Tasklet() {
@Override
public RepeatStatus execute(StepContribution contribution, ChunkContext chunkContext) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Hello SpringBatch....");
return RepeatStatus.FINISHED;
}
};
}
@Bean
public Step step1(){
TaskletStep step1 = stepBuilderFactory.get("step1")
.tasklet(tasklet())
.build();
return step1;
}
//定义作业
@Bean
public Job job(){
Job job = jobBuilderFactory.get("hello-restful-job")
.start(step1())
.build();
return job;
}
}5>编写Controller类
package com.langfeiyes.batch._15_job_start_restful;
import org.springframework.batch.core.*;
import org.springframework.batch.core.launch.JobLauncher;
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobExecutionAlreadyRunningException;
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobInstanceAlreadyCompleteException;
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobRestartException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
private JobLauncher jobLauncher;
@Autowired
private Job job;
@GetMapping("/job/start")
public ExitStatus start() throws Exception {
//启动job作业
JobExecution jobExet = launcher.run(job, jp);
return jobExet.getExitStatus();
}
}
6>测试
注意：如果需要接收参数
1>作业使用run.id自增
//构造一个job对象
@Bean
public Job job(){
return jobBuilderFactory.get("hello-restful-job")
.start(step1())
.incrementer(new RunIdIncrementer())
.build();
}2>改动HelloController接口方法
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
private JobLauncher launcher;
@Autowired
private Job job;
@Autowired
private JobExplorer jobExplorer; //job 展示对象
@GetMapping("/job/start")
public ExitStatus startJob(String name) throws Exception {
//启动job作业
JobParameters jp = new JobParametersBuilder(jobExplorer)
.getNextJobParameters(job)
.addString("name", name)
.toJobParameters();
JobExecution jobExet = launcher.run(job, jp);
return jobExet.getExitStatus();
}
}到这，本篇就结束了，欲知后事如何，请听下回分解~
转视频版
看文字不过瘾可以切换视频版：Spring Batch高效批处理框架实战