Spring Boot（二）应用实例

其他 2018-06-13 05:17:37 阅读次数: 2

Spring Boot（二）

一 、 Spring Boot Web 应用实例

  1. 这是一个Spring Boot web应用程序示例，使用嵌入式Tomcat + JSP模板，并将包作为可执行文件WAR文件发布。
  2. 使用到的技术如下：
    1. Spring Boot 1.4.2.RELEASE
    2. Spring 4.3.4.RELEASE
    3. Tomcat Embed 8.5.6
    4. Maven 3
    5. Java 8
  3. 项目目录
    1. 在这个示例中，是使用 Eclipse 来创建一个 Maven 项目，打开 Eclipse ，按照以下步骤：File -> New -> Other… 如下所示：
    2. 最终创建以下文件夹目录结构如下所示：

  4. 项目依赖

    1. 在POM.xml文件中有相应的注释

      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
    http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>spring-boot-web-jsp</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <name>Spring Boot Web JSP Example</name>
    <description>Spring Boot Web JSP Example</description>
    <url>http://www.yiibai.com</url>
    <version>1.0</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.2.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <!-- This is a web application -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Tomcat embedded container-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- JSTL for JSP -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Need this to compile JSP -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Need this to compile JSP,
            tomcat-embed-jasper version is not working, no idea why -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler</groupId>
            <artifactId>ecj</artifactId>
            <version>4.6.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Optional, test for static content, bootstrap CSS-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
            <artifactId>bootstrap</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.7</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- Package as an executable jar/war -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

    2. 执行后 ， 显示项目依赖关系：

      F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp> mvn dependency:tree

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Spring Boot Web JSP Example 1.0
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.10:tree (default-cli) @ spring-boot-web-jsp ---
[INFO] org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-web-jsp:war:1.0
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:jar:1.1.7:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  |  +- ch.qos.logback:logback-core:jar:1.1.7:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  |  \- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.21:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.21:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.21:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  \- org.slf4j:log4j-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.21:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.17:runtime
[INFO] |  +- org.hibernate:hibernate-validator:jar:5.2.4.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- javax.validation:validation-api:jar:1.1.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.3.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:1.3.3:compile
[INFO] |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.8.4:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.8.4:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.8.4:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |     \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:provided
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:jar:8.5.6:provided
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-el:jar:8.5.6:provided
[INFO] |  \- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:jar:8.5.6:provided
[INFO] +- javax.servlet:jstl:jar:1.2:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-jasper:jar:8.5.6:provided
[INFO] +- org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler:ecj:jar:4.6.1:provided
[INFO] \- org.webjars:bootstrap:jar:3.3.7:compile
[INFO]    \- org.webjars:jquery:jar:1.11.1:compile
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1.327 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-01-21 T16:57:00+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 20M/309M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

  5. Spring Boot

    1. 这个SpringBootServletInitializer执行传统的WAR部署运行SpringApplication SpringBootWebApplication.java文件内容如下所示 -

      import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootWebApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
    return application.sources(SpringBootWebApplication.class);
}

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    SpringApplication.run(SpringBootWebApplication.class, args);
}

}

    2. 一个简单的Spring控制器类

      import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class WelcomeController {

    // inject via application.properties
    @Value("${welcome.message:test}")
    private String message = "Hello World";

    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String welcome(Map<String, Object> model) {
        model.put("message", this.message);
        return "welcome";
    }

}

  6. JSP + 资源 + 静态文件

    1. 对于JSP文件，把它们全放入到 src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/jsp/ 目录中。
      src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/jsp/welcome.jsp文件的内容如下所示 - 

      <!DOCTYPE html>
<%@ taglib prefix="spring" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
    <!-- Access the bootstrap Css like this,
        Spring boot will handle the resource mapping automcatically -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="webjars/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" />
    <!--
    <spring:url value="/css/main.css" var="springCss" />
    <link href="${springCss}" rel="stylesheet" />
     -->
    <c:url value="/css/main.css" var="jstlCss" />
    <link href="${jstlCss}" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
    <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse">
        <div class="container">
            <div class="navbar-header">
                <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Spring Boot</a>
            </div>
            <div id="navbar" class="collapse navbar-collapse">
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                    <li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
                    <li><a href="#about">About</a></li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>
    </nav>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="starter-template">
            <h1>Spring Boot Web JSP Example</h1>
            <h2>Message: ${message}</h2>
        </div>
    </div>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="webjars/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

    2. 对于像CSS或Javascript这样的静态文件，放在 /src/main/resources/static/ 目录中。/src/main/resources/static/css/main.css文件的内容如下所示 -

      h1{
    color:#0000FF;
}
h2{
    color:#FF0000;
}

    3. 对于属性文件，放在 /src/main/resources/ 目录下， /src/main/resources/application.properties文件的内容如下所示 -

      spring.mvc.view.prefix: /WEB-INF/jsp/
spring.mvc.view.suffix: .jsp

welcome.message: Hello Yiibai

//Spring Boot约定过配置，不需要像这样声明资源映射。资源映射只是自动处理。

  7. 运行实例：

    1. 在终端下进入 F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp 目录，执行以下命令，应该会看到以下结果 - 

      F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp>mvn spring-boot:run
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Spring Boot Web JSP Example 1.0
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] >>> spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.4.2.RELEASE:run (default-cli) > test-compile @ springboot-jsp >>>
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ springboot-jsp ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ springboot-jsp ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ springboot-jsp ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp\springboot-jsp\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ springboot-jsp ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] <<< spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.4.2.RELEASE:run (default-cli) < test-compile @ springboot-jsp <<<
[INFO]
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.4.2.RELEASE:run (default-cli) @ springboot-jsp ---

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
::Spring Boot::       (v1.4.2.RELEASE)
    2. 之后，将项目发布到 Tomcat 中，在项目上点击右键，在弹出的选项中选择“Run As -> Ru On Server” ，使用浏览器访问：http://localhost:8080/springboot-jsp/ ，如果程序没有出错误，那应该会看到以下结果 -
    3. **注：**JSP限制
      1. 不能创建可执行jar来运行这个嵌入式Tomcat + JSP Web示例，因为Tomcat中有一个硬编码文件模式。 阅读以下这篇文章：Spring Boot JSP限制。

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