HBase 的运行模式包括单机、伪分布式和分布式三种。 单机模式使用本地文件系统，所有进程运行在一个 JVM 上，单机模式一 般只用于测试，HBase 需要结合 Hadoop 才能展现出其分布式存储的能力。
HBase单机模式是不需要自己额外再安装hadoop 和 zookeeper
1.关闭防火墙、关闭 SELinux
[root@localhost Desktop]# systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Jun 10 17:12:07 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynami...
Jun 10 17:12:08 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic...
Jun 10 17:20:36 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Stopping firewalld - dynami...
Jun 10 17:20:37 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Stopped firewalld - dynamic...
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@localhost Desktop]#
[root@localhost Desktop]#
[root@localhost Desktop]# sestatus
SELinux status: disabled
[root@localhost Desktop]#
2 配置JDK
[root@localhost Desktop]# which java
/export/servers/jdk1.8.0_311/bin/java
3 解压hbase
[root@localhost servers]# tar -xzvf /export/software/hbase-1.2.6-bin.tar.gz -C /export/servers/
[root@localhost servers]# cd /export/servers/
[root@localhost servers]# ls -ll
total 8
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 4096 Aug 17 2016 hadoop-2.7.3
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 150 Jun 10 17:51 hbase-1.2.6
drwxr-xr-x. 8 10143 10143 4096 Sep 27 2021 jdk1.8.0_311
4 配置hbase环境变量
[root@localhost servers]# vi /etc/profile
#在这里插入代码片
export JAVA_HOME=/export/servers/jdk1.8.0_311
export HADOOP_HOME=/export/servers/hadoop-2.7.3
export HBASE_HOME=/export/servers/hbase-1.2.6
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$HBASE_HOME/bin
5.配置hbase
5.1 $HBASE_HOME/conf/hbase-env.sh
由于HBase依赖JAVA_HOME环境变量，所以要编辑$HBASE_HOME/conf/hbase-env.sh文件，并取消注释以#export JAVA_HOME =开头的行，然后将其设置为Java安装路径。
[root@localhost conf]# vi $HBASE_HOME/conf/hbase-env.sh
#取消JAVA_HOME的注释，并设置JAVA_HOME
export JAVA_HOME=/export/servers/jdk1.8.0_311
hbase 默认使用内置 zookeeper
# Tell HBase whether it should manage it's own instance of Zookeeper or not.
# export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=true
语句【export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=true】表示采用HBase自带的ZooKeeper管理。如果想用外部ZooKeeper管理HBase，可以自行安装、配置ZooKeeper，再把该句删除。
5.2 $HBASE_HOME/conf/hbase-site.xml
在本地文件系统上指定HBase和ZooKeeper写入数据的目录并确认一些风险。默认情况下，在/export/data下创建一个新目录habase。默认位置/tmp，但是许多服务器配置为在重新引导时删除/ tmp的内容，因此您应该将数据存储在其他位置。
[root@localhost conf]# vi $HBASE_HOME/conf/hbase-site.xml
<configuration>
<!-- hbase存放数据目录 -->
<property>
<name>hbase.rootdir</name>
<value>file:///export/data/hbase/hbase</value>
</property>
<!-- ZooKeeper数据文件路径 -->
<property>
<name>hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir</name>
<value>/export/data/hbase/zookeeper</value>
</property>
</configuration>
6.启动HBASE
6.1 启动
[root@localhost conf]# start-hbase.sh
starting master, logging to /export/servers/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-root-master-localhost.localdomain.out
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
6.2 查看进程
[root@localhost conf]# jps
6211 Jps
6138 HMaster
HMaster进程就是HBase的主进程。HMaster进程启动表明HBase单机模式启动成功。
6.3 访问HBase的web界面
http://192.168.121.150:16010/master-status
6.4 关闭
[root@localhost conf]# stop-hbase.sh
stopping hbase................
7.常用HBase shell基本操作
7.1启动HBase Shell命令行
[root@localhost conf]# start-hbase.sh
starting master, logging to /export/servers/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-root-master-localhost.localdomain.out
[root@localhost conf]# hbase shell
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/export/servers/hbase-1.2.6/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/export/servers/hadoop-2.7.3/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
HBase Shell; enter 'help<RETURN>' for list of supported commands.
Type "exit<RETURN>" to leave the HBase Shell
Version 1.2.6, rUnknown, Mon May 29 02:25:32 CDT 2017
hbase(main):001:0>
hbase(main):001:0>中的001用来统计用户输入的行数，该数字会随着用户输入的行数自增
7.2 查看HBase shell状态
hbase(main):001:0> status
1 active master, 0 backup masters, 1 servers, 0 dead, 2.0000 average load
通过结果可知，目前有1个活跃的主节点，0个备份的节点，1个服务节点。
7.3 查看版本信息
hbase(main):001:0> version
1.2.6, rUnknown, Mon May 29 02:25:32 CDT 2017
7.4 查看用户
hbase(main):002:0> whoami
root (auth:SIMPLE)
groups: root
7.5 查看帮助
hbase(main):003:0> help
HBase Shell, version 1.2.6, rUnknown, Mon May 29 02:25:32 CDT 2017
Type 'help "COMMAND"', (e.g. 'help "get"' -- the quotes are necessary) for help on a specific command.
Commands are grouped. Type 'help "COMMAND_GROUP"', (e.g. 'help "general"') for help on a command group.
COMMAND GROUPS:
Group name: general
Commands: status, table_help, version, whoami
Group name: ddl
Commands: alter, alter_async, alter_status, create, describe, disable, disable_all, drop, drop_all, enable, enable_all, exists, get_table, is_disabled, is_enabled, list, locate_region, show_filters
Group name: namespace
Commands: alter_namespace, create_namespace, describe_namespace, drop_namespace, list_namespace, list_namespace_tables
Group name: dml
Commands: append, count, delete, deleteall, get, get_counter, get_splits, incr, put, scan, truncate, truncate_preserve
Group name: tools
Commands: assign, balance_switch, balancer, balancer_enabled, catalogjanitor_enabled, catalogjanitor_run, catalogjanitor_switch, close_region, compact, compact_rs, flush, major_compact, merge_region, move, normalize, normalizer_enabled, normalizer_switch, split, trace, unassign, wal_roll, zk_dump
Group name: replication
Commands: add_peer, append_peer_tableCFs, disable_peer, disable_table_replication, enable_peer, enable_table_replication, list_peers, list_replicated_tables, remove_peer, remove_peer_tableCFs, set_peer_tableCFs, show_peer_tableCFs
Group name: snapshots
Commands: clone_snapshot, delete_all_snapshot, delete_snapshot, list_snapshots, restore_snapshot, snapshot
Group name: configuration
Commands: update_all_config, update_config
Group name: quotas
Commands: list_quotas, set_quota
Group name: security
Commands: grant, list_security_capabilities, revoke, user_permission
Group name: procedures
Commands: abort_procedure, list_procedures
Group name: visibility labels
Commands: add_labels, clear_auths, get_auths, list_labels, set_auths, set_visibility
SHELL USAGE:
Quote all names in HBase Shell such as table and column names. Commas delimit
command parameters. Type <RETURN> after entering a command to run it.
Dictionaries of configuration used in the creation and alteration of tables are
Ruby Hashes. They look like this:
{
'key1' => 'value1', 'key2' => 'value2', ...}
and are opened and closed with curley-braces. Key/values are delimited by the
'=>' character combination. Usually keys are predefined constants such as
NAME, VERSIONS, COMPRESSION, etc. Constants do not need to be quoted. Type
'Object.constants' to see a (messy) list of all constants in the environment.
If you are using binary keys or values and need to enter them in the shell, use
double-quote'd hexadecimal representation. For example:
hbase> get 't1', "key\x03\x3f\xcd"
hbase> get 't1', "key\003\023\011"
hbase> put 't1', "test\xef\xff", 'f1:', "\x01\x33\x40"
The HBase shell is the (J)Ruby IRB with the above HBase-specific commands added.
For more on the HBase Shell, see http://hbase.apache.org/book.html
在返回的帮助信息中，列出了HBase Shell的所有命令。通过help 'command’命令可以查看command的详细用法。
hbase(main):002:0> help 'status'
Show cluster status. Can be 'summary', 'simple', 'detailed', or 'replication'. The
default is 'summary'. Examples:
hbase> status
hbase> status 'simple'
hbase> status 'summary'
hbase> status 'detailed'
hbase> status 'replication'
hbase> status 'replication', 'source'
hbase> status 'replication', 'sink'
hbase(main):003:0> help 'version'
Output this HBase version
hbase(main):004:0> status 'simple'
active master: localhost:37695 1654912011953
0 backup masters
1 live servers
localhost:36999 1654912013866
requestsPerSecond=0.0, numberOfOnlineRegions=2, usedHeapMB=15, maxHeapMB=237, numberOfStores=2, numberOfStorefiles=2, storefileUncompressedSizeMB=0, storefileSizeMB=0, memstoreSizeMB=0, storefileIndexSizeMB=0, readRequestsCount=10, writeRequestsCount=1, rootIndexSizeKB=0, totalStaticIndexSizeKB=0, totalStaticBloomSizeKB=0, totalCompactingKVs=13, currentCompactedKVs=13, compactionProgressPct=1.0, coprocessors=[MultiRowMutationEndpoint]
0 dead servers
Aggregate load: 0, regions: 2
hbase(main):005:0> status 'summary'
1 active master, 0 backup masters, 1 servers, 0 dead, 2.0000 average load
7.6 退出HBase shell命令行
hbase(main):002:0> quit
#或者
hbase(main):002:0> exit
8.常用的Namespace操作
8.1查看所有的Namespace
hbase(main):002:0>list_namespace
hbase(main):001:0> list_namespace
NAMESPACE
default
hbase
2 row(s) in 0.3540 seconds
由返回结果可知，HBase默认定义两个Namespace：hbase和default。hbase包括两个系统表namespace和meta。default主要存放用户建表时未指定Namespace的表。
8.2 创建Namespace ns（ns为Namespace的名称）
hbase(main):002:0>create_namespace 'ns'
hbase(main):002:0> create_namespace 'ns'
0 row(s) in 0.0570 seconds
hbase(main):014:0> list_namespace
NAMESPACE
default
hbase
ns
3 row(s) in 0.0220 seconds
8.3查看指定Namespace下的所有表
hbase(main):022:0> list_namespace_tables 'hbase'
TABLE
meta
namespace
2 row(s) in 0.0390 seconds
8.4 删除namespace ns
hbase(main):028:0> list_namespace
NAMESPACE
default
hbase
ns
3 row(s) in 0.0260 seconds
hbase(main):029:0> drop_namespace 'ns'
0 row(s) in 0.0610 seconds
hbase(main):030:0> list_namespace
NAMESPACE
default
hbase
2 row(s) in 0.0260 seconds
9 HBase中表的操作
9.1.1 创建表时指定表名和列族
语法：
create ‘namespace名称:表名称’ ‘列族名称1’,‘列族名称2’…
在Namespace ns下创建表t1，并添加3个列族f1、f2、f3
hbase(main):001:0> create_namespace 'ns'
0 row(s) in 0.4080 seconds
hbase(main):002:0> create 'ns:t1', 'f1','f2','f3'
0 row(s) in 1.5270 seconds
=> Hbase::Table - ns:t1
9.1.2 创建表时使用default
语法：
create ‘表名称’ ‘列族名称1’,‘列族名称2’…
hbase(main):013:0* create 't1', 'f1','f2','f3'
0 row(s) in 1.2350 seconds
=> Hbase::Table - t1
9.2 查看指定的表
9.2.1 查看所有的表
=> ["ns:t1f1", "t1f1"]
hbase(main):019:0> list
TABLE
ns:t1
t1
2 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds
=> ["ns:t1", "t1"]
9.2.2 查看指定的表是否存在
hbase(main):034:0> list 't1'
TABLE
t1
1 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds
=> ["t1"]
hbase(main):035:0> exists 't1'
Table t1 does exist
0 row(s) in 0.0250 seconds
9.3 查看表的描述
hbase(main):046:0> desc 't1'
Table t1 is ENABLED
t1
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{
NAME => 'f1', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_
ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '
65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
{
NAME => 'f2', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_
ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '
65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
{
NAME => 'f3', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_
ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '
65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
3 row(s) in 0.0620 seconds
hbase(main):050:0> desc 'ns:t1'
Table ns:t1 is ENABLED
ns:t1
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{
NAME => 'f1', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_
ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '
65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
{
NAME => 'f2', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_
ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '
65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
{
NAME => 'f3', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_
ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '
65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
3 row(s) in 0.0570 seconds
| 字段 | 解释 |
|---|---|
| NAME => ‘f1’ | 列族的名称是f1 |
| BLOOMFILTER => ‘ROW’ | 布隆过滤器的类型是ROW |
| VERSIONS => ‘1’ | 保存的版本数是1 |
| IN_MEMORY => ‘false’ | IN_MEMORY 常驻Cache |
| KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => ‘FALSE’ | 是否保留被删除的Cell |
| DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => ‘NONE’ | 数据块编码为None，表示不使用数据块编码 |
| TTL => ‘FOREVER’ | 存在时间值，hbase在达到时间后删除行 |
| COMPRESSION => ‘NONE’ | 压缩算法，为None表示不使用压缩算法 |
| MIN_VERSIONS => ‘0’ | 最小版本为0，表示改版本已经被禁用 |
| BLOCKCACHE => ‘true’ | 数据块的缓存属性 |
| REPLICATION_SCOPE => ‘0’ | 是否复制列表，0表示禁用1表示启用 |
| 列族属性讲解 |
9.4启用表
1.新建表完成后，表默认处于启用状态。
hbase(main):002:0> enable 't1'
0 row(s) in 0.2270 seconds
2.判断指定表是否被启用
hbase(main):002:0> is_disabled 't1'
false
0 row(s) in 0.0210 seconds
hbase(main):003:0> is_enabled 't1'
true
0 row(s) in 0.0850 seconds
3.禁用表
hbase(main):001:0> disable 't1'
0 row(s) in 3.0850 seconds
hbase(main):002:0> is_enabled 't1'
false
0 row(s) in 0.0500 seconds
9.5 向表中添加列族
hbase(main):013:0> alter 't1','f4'
Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 1.9560 seconds
hbase(main):014:0> desc 't1'
Table t1 is ENABLED
t1
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{
NAME => 'f1', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_
ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '
65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
{
NAME => 'f2', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_
ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '
65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
{
NAME => 'f3', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_
ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '
65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
{
NAME => 'f4', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_
ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '
65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
4 row(s) in 0.0440 seconds
9.6 删除列族
#一般需要先disable
disable 't1'
hbase(main):038:0> alter 't1', {
NAME => 'f4', METHOD => 'delete'}
Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 2.0170 seconds
hbase(main):039:0> desc 't1'
Table t1 is ENABLED
t1
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{
NAME => 'f1', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_
ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '
65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
{
NAME => 'f2', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_
ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '
65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
{
NAME => 'f3', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_
ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '
65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
3 row(s) in 0.0330 seconds
10.表中数据的增删改查
数据的添加、删除、修改、查询（增删改查）
10.1 向表中添加或更新数据
语法：put ‘表名称’,‘Rowkey名称’, ‘列族名称:列名称’,‘值’
hbase(main):063:0> put 't1','row1','f1:id','1'
0 row(s) in 0.0270 seconds
hbase(main):061:0> put 't1','row1','f1:name','tom'
0 row(s) in 0.0200 seconds
hbase(main):062:0> put 't1','row1','f1:age','21'
0 row(s) in 0.0180 seconds
hbase(main):063:0> put 't1','row1','f2:id','2'
0 row(s) in 0.0270 seconds
hbase(main):064:0> put 't1','row1','f2:name','jack'
0 row(s) in 0.0170 seconds
hbase(main):065:0> put 't1','row1','f2:age','22'
0 row(s) in 0.0060 seconds
hbase(main):066:0> put 't1','row2','f1:city','shanghai'
0 row(s) in 0.0130 seconds
hbase(main):067:0> put 't1','row3','f1:country','china'
0 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds
10.2 更新表中的数据
hbase(main):094:0> put 't1','row2','f1:city','beijing'
0 row(s) in 0.2670 seconds
10.3 查看表中的数据
语法：scan ‘表名称’,{COLUMNS =>[‘列族名:列名’,…],LIMIT=>行数}
10.3.1查看指定表中的所有数据
hbase(main):097:0> scan 't1'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
row1 column=f1:age, timestamp=1654962083217, value=21
row1 column=f1:id, timestamp=1654962066766, value=1
row1 column=f1:name, timestamp=1654962075296, value=tom
row1 column=f2:age, timestamp=1654962105355, value=22
row1 column=f2:id, timestamp=1654962105184, value=2
row1 column=f2:name, timestamp=1654962105203, value=jack
row2 column=f1:city, timestamp=1654962243269, value=beijing
row3 column=f1:country, timestamp=1654962083426, value=china
3 row(s) in 0.0860 seconds
10.3.2查看指定表的指定列的所有数据
hbase(main):112:0> scan 't1',{
COLUMNS => ['f1:id','f2:id']}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
row1 column=f1:id, timestamp=1654962066766, value=1
row1 column=f2:id, timestamp=1654962105184, value=2
1 row(s) in 0.0480 seconds
10.3.3查看指定表的指定列的前n行数据
hbase(main):118:0> scan 't1',{
COLUMNS => ['f1:id','f1:name','f1:age','f1:city','f1:country'], LIMIT => 2}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
row1 column=f1:age, timestamp=1654962083217, value=21
row1 column=f1:id, timestamp=1654962066766, value=1
row1 column=f1:name, timestamp=1654962075296, value=tom
row2 column=f1:city, timestamp=1654962243269, value=beijing
2 row(s) in 0.0280 seconds
10.3.3 获取表中指定Rowkey下的数据
语法：get ‘表名称’,‘Rowkey’
hbase(main):127:0> get 't1','row2'
COLUMN CELL
f1:city timestamp=1654962243269, value=beijing
1 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds
hbase(main):128:0> get 't1','row1'
COLUMN CELL
f1:age timestamp=1654962083217, value=21
f1:id timestamp=1654962066766, value=1
f1:name timestamp=1654962075296, value=tom
f2:age timestamp=1654962105355, value=22
f2:id timestamp=1654962105184, value=2
f2:name timestamp=1654962105203, value=jack
6 row(s) in 0.0340 seconds
10.3.4获取指定表的指定Rowkey的指定列族下所有数据
语法： get ‘表名称’, ‘rowkey’, ‘列族名称’
hbase(main):143:0> get 't1', 'row1', 'f1'
COLUMN CELL
f1:age timestamp=1654962083217, value=21
f1:id timestamp=1654962066766, value=1
f1:name timestamp=1654962075296, value=tom
3 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds
hbase(main):144:0> get 't1', 'row1', 'f2'
COLUMN CELL
f2:age timestamp=1654962105355, value=22
f2:id timestamp=1654962105184, value=2
f2:name timestamp=1654962105203, value=jack
3 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds
10.3.5获取指定表的指定Rowkey的指定列的数据
语法：get ‘表名称’, ‘rowkey’, ‘列名称’
hbase(main):161:0> get 't1', 'row1', 'f2:name'
COLUMN CELL
f2:name timestamp=1654962105203, value=jack
1 row(s) in 0.0120 seconds
hbase(main):162:0> get 't1', 'row1', 'f1:age'
COLUMN CELL
f1:age timestamp=1654962083217, value=21
1 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds
10.4 统计表中的总行数
hbase(main):172:0> count 't1'
3 row(s) in 0.0510 seconds
=> 3
10.5 删除数据
10.5.1删除一个单元格的数据
delete ‘表名称’, ‘rowkey’, ‘列名称’,‘时间戳’
hbase(main):177:0> delete 't1','row1','f1:age'
0 row(s) in 0.0300 seconds
hbase(main):180:0> scan 't1'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
row1 column=f1:id, timestamp=1654962066766, value=1
row1 column=f1:name, timestamp=1654962075296, value=tom
row1 column=f2:age, timestamp=1654962105355, value=22
row1 column=f2:id, timestamp=1654962105184, value=2
row1 column=f2:name, timestamp=1654962105203, value=jack
row2 column=f1:city, timestamp=1654962243269, value=beijing
row3 column=f1:country, timestamp=1654962083426, value=china
3 row(s) in 0.0220 seconds
10.5.2 删除指定列的数据
delete ‘表名称’, ‘rowkey’, ‘列名称’
hbase(main):003:0> delete 't1','row1','f1:name'
0 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds
hbase(main):001:0> scan 't1'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
row1 column=f1:id, timestamp=1654962066766, value=1
row1 column=f2:age, timestamp=1654962105355, value=22
row1 column=f2:id, timestamp=1654962105184, value=2
row1 column=f2:name, timestamp=1654962105203, value=jack
row2 column=f1:city, timestamp=1654962243269, value=beijing
row3 column=f1:country, timestamp=1654962083426, value=china
3 row(s) in 0.5370 seconds
10.5.3 删除指定行下的所有数据
hbase(main):013:0> deleteall 't1','row2'
0 row(s) in 0.0700 seconds
hbase(main):014:0> scan 't1'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
row1 column=f1:id, timestamp=1654962066766, value=1
row1 column=f2:age, timestamp=1654962105355, value=22
row1 column=f2:id, timestamp=1654962105184, value=2
row1 column=f2:name, timestamp=1654962105203, value=jack
row3 column=f1:country, timestamp=1654962083426, value=china
2 row(s) in 0.0270 seconds
10.5.4 删除表中所有的数据
hbase(main):031:0> truncate 't1'
Truncating 't1' table (it may take a while):
- Disabling table...
- Truncating table...
0 row(s) in 3.5940 seconds
hbase(main):038:0> is_enabled 't1'
true
0 row(s) in 0.0180 seconds
10 HBase中多版本的获取方法
10.1 在shell端创建一个Hbase表
hbase(main):042:0> create 't2','f1'
0 row(s) in 1.2590 seconds
=> Hbase::Table - t2
10.2 查看表结构
hbase(main):047:0> describe 't2'
Table t2 is ENABLED
t2
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{
NAME => 'f1', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_
ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '
65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
1 row(s) in 0.0470 seconds
从上面的表结构中，我们可以看到，VERSIONS为1，也就是说，默认情况只会存取一个版本的列数据，当再次插入的时候，后面的值会覆盖前面的值。
10.3 修改表结构
修改表结构，让Hbase表支持存储3个VERSIONS的版本列数据
hbase(main):056:0> alter 't2',{
NAME=>'f1',VERSIONS=>3}
Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 1.9170 seconds
再次查看表结构：
hbase(main):062:0> desc 't2'
Table t2 is ENABLED
t2
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{
NAME => 'f1', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '3', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_
ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '
65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
1 row(s) in 0.0250 seconds
我们会发现VERSIONS已经修改成了3.
4、插入3行数据
hbase(main):071:0> put 't2','rowkey1','f1:name','tom'
0 row(s) in 0.0240 seconds
hbase(main):075:0> put 't2','rowkey1','f1:name','jack'
0 row(s) in 0.0310 seconds
hbase(main):076:0> put 't2','rowkey1','f1:name','lily'
0 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds
hbase(main):077:0> get 't2','rowkey1','f1:name'
COLUMN CELL
f1:name timestamp=1654964444338, value=lily
1 row(s) in 0.0240 seconds
hbase(main):090:0> scan 't2'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
rowkey1 column=f1:name, timestamp=1654964444338, value=lily
1 row(s) in 0.0480 seconds
从上面可以看出，插入了3行数据到表中，并且3行数据的rowkey一致，然后使用get命令来获取这一行数据，发现只返回了最新的一行数据。
5、获取多行数据方法
hbase(main):095:0> get 't2','rowkey1',{
COLUMN=>'f1:name',VERSIONS=>3}
COLUMN CELL
f1:name timestamp=1654964444338, value=lily
f1:name timestamp=1654964436752, value=jack
f1:name timestamp=1654964406100, value=tom
3 row(s) in 0.0180 seconds
hbase(main):096:0> get 't2','rowkey1',{
COLUMN=>'f1:name',VERSIONS=>2}
COLUMN CELL
f1:name timestamp=1654964444338, value=lily
f1:name timestamp=1654964436752, value=jack
2 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds
从上面的测试结果中，可以看出，一次性获取了个版本的数据。
问题
HBase启动遇到VM warning ignoring option PermSize=128m support was removed in 8.0
根据hbase-env.sh配置文件，当使用JDK8+版本时将相关信息注释掉即可
[root@localhost conf]# vi $HBASE_HOME/conf/hbase-env.sh
# Configure PermSize. Only needed in JDK7. You can safely remove it for JDK8+
#export HBASE_MASTER_OPTS="$HBASE_MASTER_OPTS -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=128m"
#export HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS="$HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=128m"