目录
一,前言
SSM框架即是将SpringMVC框架、Spring框架、MyBatis框架整合使用。以简化在web开发中繁琐、重复的操作,让开发人员的精力专注于业务处理的开发上。
二,SSM框架
2.1,SSM整合到底整合什么?
1、spring和mybaits整合(数据源》sessionFactory》session)
2、spirng和springMVC整合
2.2,为什么要整合到一起?
统一指挥、让两个框架中用到的类和对象,都让spring管理。好处:无缝衔接、用到spring提供的很多工具。
2.3,由谁来整合?
mybatis的主配置文件
spring的配置文件
springMVC的配置文件
web.xml
2.4,@ResponseBody注解的作用是什么
@ResponseBody注解的作用是将当前接口返回的数据直接写入HTTP Response Body中
2.5,JSON
JSON是FastJson提供的工具类,它提供了一些数据类型转换以及格式化数据的功能
三,各框架应用场景
3.1,SpringMVC框架
SpringMVC框架位于Controller层,主要为接收用户发起的请求,在接收请求后可进行一定处理(如:通过拦截器的信息验证处理)。在通过处理后SpringMVC会根据请求的路径将请求分发到对应的Controller类中的处理方法。处理方法再调用Service层的业务处理逻辑。
3.2,Spring框架
Spring框架在SSM中充当类似与粘合剂的作用,利用其对象托管的特性将SpringMVC、MyBatis两个独立的框架有机的结合起来。 Spring可将SpringMVC中的Controller类和MyBatis中的SqlSession类进行托管,简化了人工管理过程。 Spring除了能对SpringMVC和MyBatis的核心类进行管理外,还可对主要的业务处理的类进行管理。
3.3,MyBatis框架
MyBatis框架应用于对数据库的操作,其中主要功能类SqlSession可对数据库进行具体操作。
四,SSM框架中的容器管理
- SpringMVC容器:主要对Controller控制器对象,视图等用户请求和请求结果进行管理。
- Spring容器:主要对Service、Dao、工具类等对象进行管理。
- 两个容器的关系:SpringMVC容器为Spring容器的子容器,进而两容器中的对象进行间接管理。
五,SSM框架整合步骤
5.1,项目准备
数据库、数据表的建立。
5.2,新建项目,添加依赖
- 使用Maven新建一个webapp项目
- 在pom.xml文件中添加依赖和项目配置。
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
<spring.version>5.2.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 连接mysql5 的驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.29</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 参考版本对应 http://www.mybatis.org/spring/ -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据源管理 使用了dbcp2数据 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
<version>2.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
<version>2.4.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- commons 文件上传jar -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 加入JSON转换工具 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.47</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
5.3,配置web.xml文件
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 页面中输入的中文,调到后端,出现乱码解决的问题 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
5.4,创建目录结构,Bean,Dao,Service,controller结构图如下:
5.5,配置各个配置文件
- jdbc.properties。数据库配置信息文件。
driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yonghu?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=GMT-8
user=
pwd=
- mybatis.xml。MyBatis主配置文件,文件中数据源的配置交由Spring执行。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 日志 -->
<settings>
<setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
</settings>
</configuration>
- applicationContext.xml。Spring整合MyBatis
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 加载属性文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
<!-- 创建dbcp2数据源 此数据源可以替换为阿里的 德鲁伊 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}"></property>
<property name="url" value="${url}"></property>
<property name="username" value="${user}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${pwd}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 整合了sqlSessionFactory 包含了 数据源(dataSource)、配置文件(config)和映射文件(mapper) -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis.xml"></property>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 扫描mapper接口 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.xinxi2.dao"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 扫描业务逻辑层的注解 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.xinxi2"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 引入事务管理器 管理指定的数据源 -->
<bean id="txMapper" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" >
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 把事务管理管理,变成增强(通知),同时指定了方法的事务传播机制 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txMapper">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="get*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="servicePointcut" expression="execution(* com.xinxi2.service..*.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="servicePointcut"></aop:advisor>
</aop:config>
<import resource="springmvc.xml"></import>
</beans>
- springmvc.xml。Spring整合service。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.xinxi2.controller"></context:component-scan>
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:message-converters>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="features">
<list>
<!-- Date的日期转换器 -->
<value>WriteDateUseDateFormat</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 常用视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=""></property>
</bean>
<!-- 解决了静态资源的加载问题 -->
<mvc:resources mapping="/static/**" location="/static/"></mvc:resources>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<props>
<prop key="java.lang.RuntimeException">error.jsp</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置multipartResolver,用于上传文件,使用spring的CommonsMultipartResolver -->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="5000000"></property>
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>
</bean>
<!-- <mvc:interceptors>-->
<!-- <mvc:interceptor>-->
<!-- <mvc:mapping path="/hello/**"/>-->
<!-- <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/hello/hello04"/>-->
<!-- <bean class="com.Interceptor.LoginInterceptor"></bean>-->
<!-- </mvc:interceptor>-->
<!-- </mvc:interceptors>-->
</beans>
5.6,编写业务实现代码,Bean实体类,dao层接口,mapper文件,service层业务处理类,controller层控制类等。
Bean实体类
package com.xinxi2.bean;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.annotation.JSONField;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import java.util.Date;
public class Bookmanage {
/** 图书编号 */
private Integer id ;
/** 图书名称 */
private String name ;
/** 图书作者 */
private String author ;
/** 购买时间 */
@DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd") // String 转 Date 视图到控制层
@JSONField(format = "yyyy-MM_dd")
private Date time ;
/** 图书分类 */
private Integer type ;
/** 图书编号 */
public Integer getId(){
return this.id;
}
/** 图书编号 */
public void setId(Integer id){
this.id=id;
}
/** 图书名称 */
public String getName(){
return this.name;
}
/** 图书名称 */
public void setName(String name){
this.name=name;
}
/** 图书作者 */
public String getAuthor(){
return this.author;
}
/** 图书作者 */
public void setAuthor(String author){
this.author=author;
}
/** 购买时间 */
public Date getTime(){
return this.time;
}
/** 购买时间 */
public void setTime(Date time){
this.time=time;
}
/** 图书分类 */
public Integer getType(){
return this.type;
}
/** 图书分类 */
public void setType(Integer type){
this.type=type;
}
}
Dao层
- BookmanageMapper.java
package com.xinxi2.dao;
import com.xinxi2.bean.Bookmanage;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookmanageMapper {
List<Bookmanage> getlistBookmanage(Bookmanage bookmanage);
int addBookmanage(Bookmanage bookmanage);
Bookmanage updateByid(Integer id);
int updateBookmanage(Bookmanage bookmanage);
int deleteBookmanage(int id);
}
- BookmanageMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.xinxi2.dao.BookmanageMapper">
<resultMap id="Bookmanageinto" type="com.xinxi2.bean.Bookmanage">
<id property="id" column="id"></id>
<result property="name" column="name"></result>
<result property="author" column="author"></result>
<result property="time" column="time"></result>
<result property="type" column="type"></result>
</resultMap>
<select id="getlistBookmanage" resultType="com.xinxi2.bean.Bookmanage" resultMap="Bookmanageinto">
SELECT `id`,`name`,`author`,`time`,`type` FROM `bookmanage`
<where>
<if test="id!=null">
and id = #{id}
</if>
<if test="name!=null">
and `name` = #{name}
</if>
<if test="author!=null">
and author = #{author}
</if>
<if test="time!=null">
and `time` = #{time}
</if>
<if test="type!=null">
and `type` = #{type}
</if>
</where>
</select>
<insert id="addBookmanage">
insert into `bookmanage`(id,`name`,`author`,`time`,`type`)
values(#{id},#{name},#{author},#{time},#{type})
</insert>
<select id="updateByid" parameterType="integer" resultMap="Bookmanageinto">
SELECT `id`,`name`,`author`,`time`,`type` FROM `bookmanage`
where id=#{id}
</select>
<update id="updateBookmanage">
update `bookmanage`
<set>
<if test="id!=null">
id = #{id},
</if>
<if test="name!=null">
`name` = #{name},
</if>
<if test="author!=null">
author = #{author},
</if>
<if test="time!=null">
`time` = #{time},
</if>
<if test="type!=null">
`type` = #{type},
</if>
</set>
where id=#{id}
</update>
<delete id="deleteBookmanage">
delete from `bookmanage` where id=#{id}
</delete>
</mapper>
Service层
3. BookmanageService.java
package com.xinxi2.service;
import com.xinxi2.bean.Bookmanage;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookmanageService {
List<Bookmanage> getlistBookmanage(Bookmanage bookmanage);
int addBookmanage(Bookmanage bookmanage);
Bookmanage updateByid(Integer id);
int updateBookmanage(Bookmanage bookmanage);
int deleteBookmanage(int id);
}
- BookmanageServiceImpl.java
package com.xinxi2.service.impl;
import com.xinxi2.bean.Bookmanage;
import com.xinxi2.dao.BookmanageMapper;
import com.xinxi2.service.BookmanageService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service("bookmanageService")
public class BookmanageServiceImpl implements BookmanageService {
@Autowired
private BookmanageMapper bookmanageMapper;
@Override
public List<Bookmanage> getlistBookmanage(Bookmanage bookmanage) {
return bookmanageMapper.getlistBookmanage(bookmanage);
}
@Override
public int addBookmanage(Bookmanage bookmanage) {
return bookmanageMapper.addBookmanage(bookmanage);
}
@Override
public Bookmanage updateByid(Integer id) {
return bookmanageMapper.updateByid(id);
}
@Override
public int updateBookmanage(Bookmanage bookmanage) {
return bookmanageMapper.updateBookmanage(bookmanage);
}
@Override
public int deleteBookmanage(int id) {
return bookmanageMapper.deleteBookmanage(id);
}
}
Controller层
5. BookmanageConntroller.java
package com.xinxi2.controller;
import com.xinxi2.bean.Bookmanage;
import com.xinxi2.service.BookmanageService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.nio.channels.Pipe;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/bookmanageConntroller")
public class BookmanageConntroller {
@Autowired
private BookmanageService bookmanageService;
@RequestMapping("/listBookmanage")
public String ListBookmanage(Bookmanage bookmanage, Model model){
List<Bookmanage> list = bookmanageService.getlistBookmanage(bookmanage);
model.addAttribute("tsList",list);
return "list.jsp";
}
@RequestMapping("tiaozhuan")
public String tiaozhuan(){
return "add.jsp";
}
@RequestMapping("/addBookmanage")
public String addBookmanage(Bookmanage bookmanage){
bookmanageService.addBookmanage(bookmanage);
return "redirect:/bookmanageConntroller/listBookmanage";
}
@RequestMapping("/updateById")
public String updateById(int id,Model model){
Bookmanage bookmanage = bookmanageService.updateByid(id);
model.addAttribute("emp",bookmanage);
return "update.jsp";
}
@RequestMapping("/update")
public String update(Bookmanage bookmanage){
bookmanageService.updateBookmanage(bookmanage);
return "redirect:/bookmanageConntroller/listBookmanage";
}
@RequestMapping("/delete")
public String delete(int id){
bookmanageService.deleteBookmanage(id);
return "redirect:/bookmanageConntroller/listBookmanage";
}
}
5.7,编写jsp页面。
add.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: lenovo
Date: 2023/7/3
Time: 16:31
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" action="/bookmanageConntroller/addBookmanage">
图书名称:<input type="text" name="name"><br>
图书作者:<input type="text" name="author"><br>
购买时间:<input type="text" name="time"><br>
图书分类:<input type="text" name="type"><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
list.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: lenovo
Date: 2023/7/3
Time: 16:18
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td>图书编号</td>
<td>图书名称</td>
<td>图书作者</td>
<td>购买时间</td>
<td>图书分类</td>
<td>操作</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${tsList}" var="b">
<tr>
<td>${b.id}</td>
<td>${b.name}</td>
<td>${b.author}</td>
<td>${b.time}</td>
<td class="Fenlei">${b.type}</td>
<td>
<a href="/bookmanageConntroller/updateById?id=${b.id}">修改</a>
<a href="/bookmanageConntroller/delete?id=${b.id}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
<a href="/bookmanageConntroller/tiaozhuan">添加</a>
</body>
<script>
var fenlei = document.getElementsByClassName("Fenlei");
for (var i=0;i<fenlei.length;i++){
var fenleiVal = fenlei[i].innerHTML;
if (fenleiVal==1){
fenlei[i].innerHTML="计算机/软件"
}else if (fenleiVal==2){
fenlei[i].innerHTML="小说/文摘"
}else {
fenlei[i].innerHTML="杂项"
}
}
</script>
</html>
update.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: lenovo
Date: 2023/7/3
Time: 16:40
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" action="/bookmanageConntroller/update">
<input type="hidden" name="id" value="${emp.id}">
图书名称:<input type="text" name="name" value="${emp.name}"><br>
图书作者:<input type="text" name="author" value="${emp.author}"><br>
购买时间:<input type="text" name="time" value="${emp.time}"><br>
图书分类:<input type="text" name="type" value="${emp.type}"><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
6,JSON数据传递过程中的中文乱码和日期问题
6.1,解决JSON数据传递过程中出现的中文乱码问题
原因
Spring MVC框架中内置了一个处理String类型数据的消息转换器(org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter),该消息转换器中固定了转换字符编码为"ISO-8859-1"
- 方法一
在控制器方法上设置编码格式
@ResponseBody
@GetMapping(value="/{id}/view"
,produces={
"application/json;charset=UTF-8"})
public Object view(@PathVariable String id){
//…….中间代码省略
}
- 方法2
装配消息转换器StringHttpMessageConverter
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:message-converters>
<bean class=
"org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
6.2,解决JSON数据传递过程中出现的日期格式问题
原因
日期格式:时间戳形式(1077033600000) “yyyy-MM-dd”
- 方法一
注解方式
public class SysUser(){
@DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
@JSONField(format="yyyy-MM-dd")
private Date birthday;
// 省略其他属性及getter、setter方法
}
- 方法二
装配消息转换器StringHttpMessageConverter
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:message-converters>
<bean class=
"org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
7,多视图解析器
- 可以根据Accept值、扩展名等,把相同的数据内容以不同格式返回,呈现不同的视图效果
- 查询用户详情接口中以JSON纯数据的格式返回数据
7.1,多视图解析管理器ContentNegotiationManager
- 判断请求所要求的MIME类型,以决定所采用的视图
- favorParameter
表示支持参数匹配,可以根据请求参数值确定MIME类型,默认的请求参数为format,默认值为true(支持) - favorPathExtension
表示是否支持扩展名,扩展名指xxx.json、xxx.xml等形式,默认为true(支持) - defaultContentType
配置默认的ContentType类型 - mediaTypes
根据请求参数的MIME类型决定接口返回数据的展示类型,MIME类型包括json=application/json、xml=application/xml、html=text/html等
7.2,多视图解析器ContentNegotiatingViewResolver
- contentNegotiationManager
注入自定义的多视图解析管理器 - defaultViews
指定默认视图 - viewResolvers
设置视图解析器
8,Spring MVC框架中的数据格式转换
- 在添加用户功能中输入新增用户信息,点击保存之后系统报错
400状态码:客户端发送的请求格式不正确
控制台:BindException异常
在Spring MVC中时间数据无法实现自动转换绑定
解决方案
必须要手动配置自定义数据类型的绑定才能实现该功能
数据转换和格式化
- DataBinder
数据绑定的核心组件
核心调度 - ConversionService
Spring类型转换体系的核心接口
解决form表单中时间格式字符串转换为Date类型数据的问题 - Validator:数据校验
- BindingResult
包含已完成数据绑定的入参对象和相应的校验错误对象
配置mvc:annotation-driven/标签会注册一个默认的ConversionService实例,使得方法入参绑定能够支持注解驱动的功能,因此可以通过格式化注解来解决日期的转换问题
- 使用自定义的数据格式转换器实现日期类型数据绑定的功能
- Converter转换器
作用:把数据从一种类型转换成另一种类型
方法:convert() - 实现步骤
创建自定义数据格式转换器
装配自定义的ConversionService
使用@InitBinder装配自定义编辑器
创建BaseController.java
@InitBinder
public void initBinder(WebDataBinder dataBinder){
logger.info("进入BaseController的initBinder方法");
dataBinder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), true));
}
9,使用Spring MVC实现单文件上传
9.1,实现步骤
- 导入依赖jar包
<!-- commons 文件上传jar -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
- 配置MultipartResolver解析器
<!-- 配置multipartResolver,用于上传文件,使用spring的CommonsMultipartResolver -->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="5000000"></property>
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>
</bean>
- 编写Controller 层
@RequestMapping("/addsysUser")
public String addsysUser(SysUser sysUser, HttpServletRequest request, MultipartFile photo){
String fileType = photo.getOriginalFilename();
int index = fileType.lastIndexOf(".");
fileType = fileType.substring(index);
String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("static"+ File.separator+"uploadfiles");
long filename = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(path);
System.out.println(fileType);
System.out.println(path+"\\"+filename+fileType);
File file = new File(path+"\\"+filename+fileType);
try {
photo.transferTo(file);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
sysUser.setAvatar(filename+fileType);
sysUserService.addSysUser(sysUser);
return "redirect:/sysUserController/sysUser";
}
- 编写jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: lenovo
Date: 2023/6/29
Time: 15:49
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 一定要在from加enctype -->
<form method="post" action="/sysUserController/addsysUser" enctype="multipart/form-data">
用户名<input type="text" name="userName"><br>
昵称<input type="text" name="nickName"><br>
密码<input type="text" name="password"><br>
账号状态<input type="text" name="status"><br>
邮箱<input type="text" name="email"><br>
手机号<input type="text" name="phonenumber"><br>
用户性别<input type="text" name="sex"><br>
头像<input type="file" name="photo"><br> // 注意用file
用户类型<input type="text" name="userType"><br>
创建人的用户id<input type="text" name="createBy"><br>
创建时间<input type="text" name="createTime"><br>
更新人<input type="text" name="updateBy"><br>
更新时间<input type="text" name="updateTime"><br>
删除标志<input type="text" name="delFlag"><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
结束!!!!