一、创建问题模型
models.py
class QuestionModel(db.Model): __tablename__ = "question" id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True) title = db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=False) content = db.Column(db.Text, nullable=False) create_time = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.now) # 外键 author_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey("user.id")) author = db.relationship(UserModel, backref="questions")
迁移更新数据库
flask db migrate
flask db upgrade
详情见：Flask(Mysql)——ORM模型外键与表的关系及用flask_migrate迁移ORM模型-CSDN博客
二、路由请求
qa.py
from flask import Blueprint, request, render_template, g, redirect, url_for
from .forms import QuestionForm
from models import QuestionModel
from exts import db
@bp.route("/qa/public", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
def public_question():
if request.method == 'GET':
return render_template("public_question.html")
else:
form = QuestionForm(request.form)
if form.validate():
title = form.title.data
content = form.content.data
question = QuestionModel(title=title, content=content, author=g.user)
db.session.add(question)
db.session.commit()
# todo: 跳转到这篇问答的详情页
return redirect("/")
else:
print(form.errors)
return redirect(url_for("qa.public_question"))
三、问题表单验证
froms.py
class QuestionForm(wtforms.Form):
title = wtforms.StringField(validators=[Length(min=3, max=100, message="标题格式错误！")])
content = wtforms.StringField(validators=[Length(min=3,message="内容格式错误！")])
四、登录装饰器
防止用户没有登录也能发布问答
新建decorators.py文件
from functools import wraps
from flask import g, redirect, url_for
def login_required(func):
# 保留func的信息
@wraps(func)
# func(a,b,c)
# func(1,2,c=3)
def inner(*args, **kwargs):
if g.user:
return func(*args, **kwargs)
else:
return redirect(url_for("auth.login"))
return inner
检查全局变量g中的user属性是否存在。如果存在，说明用户已经登录，可以访问被修饰的视图函数；如果不存在，说明用户未登录，将被重定向到登录页面。
五、问答列表详情
新建问题详情跳转路由
qa.py
@bp.route("/qa/detail/<qa_id>")
def qa_detail(qa_id):
question = QuestionModel.query.get(qa_id)
return render_template("detail.html", question=question)
index.html
<div class="question-title"><a href="{
{ url_for('qa.qa_detail', qa_id=question.id) }}">{
{ question.title }}</a></div>
六、创建答案模型
models.py
class AnswerModel(db.Model):
__tablename__ = "answer"
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
content = db.Column(db.Text, nullable=False)
create_time = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.now)
# 外键
question_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey("question.id"))
author_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey("user.id"))
# 关系
question = db.relationship(QuestionModel, backref=db.backref("answers", order_by=create_time.desc()))
author = db.relationship(UserModel, backref="answers")
迁移更新数据库
flask db migrate
flask db upgrade
七、答案表单验证
forms.py
from wtforms.validators import Email, Length, EqualTo, InputRequired
class AnswerForm(wtforms.Form):
content = wtforms.StringField(validators=[Length(min=3, message="内容格式错误！")])
question_id = wtforms.IntegerField(validators=[InputRequired(message="必须要传入问题id！")])
qa.py
from .forms import QuestionForm, AnswerForm
from models import QuestionModel, AnswerModel
# @bp.route("/answer/public", methods=['POST'])
@bp.post("/answer/public")
@login_required
def public_answer():
form = AnswerForm(request.form)
if form.validate():
content = form.content.data
question_id = form.question_id.data
answer = AnswerModel(content=content, question_id=question_id, author_id=g.user.id)
db.session.add(answer)
db.session.commit()
return redirect(url_for("qa.qa_detail", qa_id=question_id))
else:
print(form.errors)
return redirect(url_for("qa.qa_detail", qa_id=request.form.get("question_id")))
detail.html 前端详情页面表单
<form action="{
{ url_for('qa.public_answer') }}" method="post">
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" placeholder="请填写评论" name="content" class="form-control">
<input type="hidden" name="question_id" value="{
{ question.id }}">
</div>
<div class="form-group" style="text-align: right;">
<button class="btn btn-primary">评论</button>
</div>
</form>
八、搜索功能实现
1、qa.py 创建搜索路由
@bp.route("/search")
def search():
# /search?q=flask
# /search/<q>
# post, request.form
q = request.args.get("q")
questions = QuestionModel.query.filter(QuestionModel.title.contains(q)).all()
return render_template("index.html", questions=questions)
2、base.html
<li class="nav-item ml-2">
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0" method="GET" action="{
{ url_for('qa.search') }}">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="关键字" aria-label="Search" name="q">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">搜索</button>
</form>
</li>
项目完结........
上一篇章：Flask实战开发——问答平台（五）用户注册与登录-CSDN博客
