1.创建ProcessBuilder

根据不同的操作系统，构建不同的命令参数，
unix系统的命令参数为 bash -c，
windows系统的命令参数为cmd /c

ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder();
if (isUnix) {
    
    
    processBuilder.command("bash", "-c", String.join(" ", cmd));
} else {
    
    
    processBuilder.command("cmd", "/c", String.join(" ", cmd));
}
Process process = processBuilder.start();

2. 创建线程池，获取输出结果

需要读取正常输出和异常输出

ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);

Future<byte[]> outputFuture = executorService.submit(() -> readStream(process.getInputStream()));
Future<byte[]> errorFuture = executorService.submit(() -> readStream(process.getErrorStream()));

其中readStream方法的作用是读取输出流，将其转换为字节数组

private byte[] readStream(InputStream inputStream) {
    
    
    try (ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
    
    
        byte[] buff = new byte[128];
        int length = -1;
        while ((length = inputStream.read(buff)) != -1) {
    
    
            baos.write(buff, 0, length);
        }
        return baos.toByteArray();
    } catch (IOException e) {
    
    
        e.printStackTrace();
        return new byte[0];
    }
}

3.构建一个工具类，用于保存输出结果

output为正常输出结果，
error为异常输出，
exitCode为程序退出值，正常值为0

public static class CommandResult {
    
    
    private final byte[] output;
    private final byte[] error;
    private final int exitCode;

    public CommandResult(byte[] output, byte[] error, int exitCode) {
    
    
        this.output = output;
        this.error = error;
        this.exitCode = exitCode;
    }

    public byte[] getOutput() {
    
    
        return output;
    }

    public byte[] getError() {
    
    
        return error;
    }

    public int getExitCode() {
    
    
        return exitCode;
    }
}

4.等待执行完毕

executorService.shutdown();
if (executorService.awaitTermination(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
    
    
    System.out.println("线程执行完毕");
    int exitCode = process.waitFor();
    executorService.close();

    return new CommandResult(outputFuture.get(), errorFuture.get(), exitCode);
} else {
    
    
    System.out.println("线程超时");
    process.destroy();
    executorService.close();

    return new CommandResult(null, null, -1);
}

5.完整代码如下

/**
 * 执行本地命令，等待命令执行完毕，获取执行结果和异常信息
 */
public class LocalCommandExecutor {
    
    
    private final String[] cmd;
    private final boolean isUnix;

    public LocalCommandExecutor(boolean isUnix, String... cmd) {
    
    
        this.isUnix = isUnix;
        this.cmd = cmd;
    }

    public CommandResult execute() throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
    
    
        ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder();
        if (isUnix) {
    
    
            processBuilder.command("bash", "-c", String.join(" ", cmd));
        } else {
    
    
            processBuilder.command("cmd", "/c", String.join(" ", cmd));
        }

        Process process = processBuilder.start();

        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);

        Future<byte[]> outputFuture = executorService.submit(() -> readStream(process.getInputStream()));
        Future<byte[]> errorFuture = executorService.submit(() -> readStream(process.getErrorStream()));

        executorService.shutdown();
        if (executorService.awaitTermination(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
    
    
            System.out.println("线程执行完毕");
            int exitCode = process.waitFor();
            executorService.close();

            return new CommandResult(outputFuture.get(), errorFuture.get(), exitCode);
        } else {
    
    
            System.out.println("线程超时");
            process.destroy();
            executorService.close();

            return new CommandResult(null, null, -1);
        }
    }

    private byte[] readStream(InputStream inputStream) {
    
    
        try (ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
    
    
            byte[] buff = new byte[128];
            int length = -1;
            while ((length = inputStream.read(buff)) != -1) {
    
    
                baos.write(buff, 0, length);
            }
            return baos.toByteArray();
        } catch (IOException e) {
    
    
            e.printStackTrace();
            return new byte[0];
        }
    }

    public static class CommandResult {
    
    
        private final byte[] output;
        private final byte[] error;
        private final int exitCode;

        public CommandResult(byte[] output, byte[] error, int exitCode) {
    
    
            this.output = output;
            this.error = error;
            this.exitCode = exitCode;
        }

        public byte[] getOutput() {
    
    
            return output;
        }

        public byte[] getError() {
    
    
            return error;
        }

        public int getExitCode() {
    
    
            return exitCode;
        }
    }
}

6.测试类如下

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
    
    
        String command = "echo Hello, World!";
        command = "xxxx";
        LocalCommandExecutor2 localCommandExecutor = new LocalCommandExecutor2(false, command);
        CommandResult commandResult = localCommandExecutor.execute();
        System.out.println("执行结果：");
        System.out.println(printBytes(commandResult.getOutput()));
        System.out.println("异常信息：");
        System.out.println(printBytes(commandResult.getError()));
        System.out.println("退出值：");
        System.out.println(commandResult.getExitCode());
    }

    private static String printBytes(byte[] bytes) {
    
    
        try {
    
    
            return new String(bytes, "GBK");
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
    
    
            e.printStackTrace();
            return "GBK编码异常";
        }
    }