LNMP，表示Linux、Nginx、MySQL、PHP的集合服务器环境，它是基于CentOS/Debian编写的Nginx、PHP、MySQL、phpMyAdmin、eAccelerator一键安装包。可以在云服务器、VPS、独立主机上轻松的安装LNMP生产环境。
Nginx是俄罗斯人编写的十分轻量级的HTTP服务器，它的发音为 “engine X”， 是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器。在高并发连接的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器的替代品。Nginx同时也可以作为7层负载均衡服务器来使用。Nginx 0.8.46 + PHP 5.2.14 (FastCGI) 可以承受3万以上的并发连接数，相当于同等环境下Apache的10倍。
本文原文转自米扑博客：腾讯云实验室：搭建 LNMP 环境
准备工作
操作系统环境
系统： CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
内核：Linux VM_124_53_centos 2.6.32-642.6.2.el6.x86_64
CPU：单核
内存：1GB
系统参数
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# uname -a
Linux VM_124_53_centos 2.6.32-642.6.2.el6.x86_64
#1 SMP Wed Oct 26 06:52:09 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
# free
total used
free
shared buffers cached
Mem: 1020128 763204 256924 388 43516 537620
-/+ buffers
/cache
: 182068 838060
Swap: 0 0 0
# whoami
root
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安装 lsb_release
yum -y install redhat-lsb
查看系统版本
# lsb_release -a
LSB Version: :base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-noarch
Distributor ID: CentOS
Description: CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
Release: 6.8
Codename: Final
top 命令
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top
- 10:48:57 up 1:26, 1 user, load average: 0.29, 0.45, 0.24
Tasks: 94 total, 1 running, 93 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.7%
id
, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%stMem: 1020128k total, 763180k used, 256948k
free
, 43548k buffers
Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k
free
, 537724k cached
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1 root 20 0 19364 1544 1228 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.69 init
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd
3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration
/0
4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 ksoftirqd
/0
5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 stopper
/0
6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog
/0
7 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.16 events
/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 events
/0
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 events_long
/0
10 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 events_power_ef
11 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cgroup
12 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper
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一、搭建 Nginx 静态服务器
1. 安装 Nginx
yum install nginx -y
2. 修改 /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
去除对 IPv6 地址的监听，可参考下面的代码示例：
vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
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server {
listen 80 default_server;
# listen [::]:80 default_server;
server_name _;
root
/usr/share/nginx/html
;
# Load configuration files for the default server block.
include
/etc/nginx/default
.d/*.conf;
location / {
}
error_page 404
/404
.html;
location =
/40x
.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504
/50x
.html;
location =
/50x
.html {
}
}
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3. 启动 Nginx
nginx
4. 查看网页
可访问实验机器外网 HTTP 服务（http://119.29.116.97）来确认是否已经安装成功。
5. 将 Nginx 设置为开机启动
chkconfig nginx on
6. 查看开机启动的所有进程（chkconfig）
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# chkconfig
abrt-ccpp 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:on 6:off
abrtd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:on 6:off
acpid 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
atd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
auditd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
blk-availability 0:off 1:on 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
bootlocal 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:off 6:off
crond 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
cups 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
htcacheclean 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
httpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
ip6tables 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
iptables 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
irqbalance 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
kdump 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
lvm2-monitor 0:off 1:on 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
mdmonitor 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
messagebus 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
netconsole 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
netfs 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
nfs-rdma 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
nginx 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
ntpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
ntpdate 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
php-fpm 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
portreserve 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
postfix 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
psacct 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
quota_nld 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
rdisc 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
rdma 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
restorecond 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
rsyslog 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
saslauthd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
sshd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
udev-post 0:off 1:on 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
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二、安装 MySQL 数据库服务
1. 安装 MySQL
yum -y install mysql-server
MariaDB 官方安装教程：MariaDB 10.2 CentOS repository list
CentOS 7 vim /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB-10.2.repo
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[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http:
//yum
.mariadb.org
/10
.2
/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https:
//yum
.mariadb.org
/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
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安装命令：
# yum remove MariaDB-server MariaDB-client
yum -y install MariaDB-client MariaDB-server MariaDB-devel
2. 启动 MySQL 服务
service mysqld restart
3. 设置 MySQL 账户 root 密码
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'mimvp-demo'
4. 登录MySQL查看数据库
mysql -u root -p'mimvp-demo'
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# mysql -u root -p'mimvp-demo'
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection
id
is 40
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and
/or
its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and
/or
its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type
'help;'
or
'\h'
for
help. Type
'\c'
to
clear
the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
|
test
|
+--------------------+
3 rows
in
set
(0.28 sec)
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5. 将 MySQL 设置为开机自动启动：
chkconfig mysqld on
三、搭建 PHP 环境
1. 安装 PHP
yum -y install php php-fpm php-mysql
注：CentOS 6 默认已经安装了 PHP-FPM 及 PHP-MYSQL，下面命令执行的可能会提示已经安装。
2. 安装之后，启动 PHP-FPM 进程
service php-fpm start
3. 查看启动的端口号
netstat -nlpt | grep php-fpm
启动之后，可以使用下面的命令查看 PHP-FPM 进程监听哪个端口（默认监听9000端口）
netstat -nlpt | grep php-fpm
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# netstat -nlpt | grep php-fpm
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 13894
/php-fpm
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4. 把 PHP-FPM 也设置成开机自动启动：
chkconfig php-fpm on
四、配置 Nginx 并运行 PHP 程序
1. 配置 Nginx
在 /etc/nginx/conf.d 目录中新建一个名为 php.conf 的文件，并配置 Nginx 端口 ，配置示例如下：
vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/php.conf
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server {
listen 8000;
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
location ~ .php$ {
root
/usr/share/php
;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
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2. 重启 nginx 服务
service nginx restart
这时候，我们就可以在/usr/share/php 目录下新建一个 info.php 文件来检查 php 是否安装成功了，文件内容参考如下：
vim /usr/share/php/info.php
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# cat /usr/share/php/info.php
<?php
echo
phpinfo();
?>
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3. 访问网页
访问 http://119.29.116.97:8000/info.php 可浏览到我们刚刚创建的 info.php 页面了
五、Nginx 应用实例
米扑科技的大多产品，建立在 LNMP 和 LAMP 服务器框架上，示例如下：
米扑科技： http://mimvp.com （LNMP + LAMP）
米扑代理： http://proxy.mimvp.com （LNMP）
米扑支付： http://pay.mimvp.com （LNMP）
米扑财富： http://money.mimvp.com （LNMP）
米扑博客： https://blog.mimvp.com （LAMP）
米扑论坛： http://forum.mimvp.com （LAMP）