一、Nginx安装
1、下载并解压安装包
[root@s123 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@123 src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@123 src]# tar zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
2、配置编译选项
[root@123 src]# cd nginx-1.12.2
[root@123 nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
3、编译和安装
[root@123 nginx-1.12.2]# make
[root@123 nginx-1.12.2]# make install
4、编写Nginx启动脚本并加入系统服务和开机启动
[root@123 nginx-1.12.2]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx //加入以下内容
#!/bin/bash# chkconfig: - 30 21# description: http service.# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"start()
{
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}stop()
{
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}reload()
{
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}restart()
{
stop
start
}configtest()
{
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=1esacexit $RETVAL
[root@123 nginx-1.12.2]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@123 nginx-1.12.2]# chkconfig --add nginx //加入系统服务
[root@123 nginx-1.12.2]# chkconfig nginx on //开机启动4、更改Nginx配置文件
[root@123 nginx-1.12.2]# > /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf //重定向符号>，单独使用时，可以吧一个文本文档快速清空
[root@123 nginx-1.12.2]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf //写入以下内容
user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 6000;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
' $host "$request_uri" $status'
' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm
application/xml;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
location ~ \.php$
{
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
}
[root@123 nginx-1.12.2]# service nginx start //启动nginx
[root@123 nginx-1.12.2]# ps aux |grep nginx
root 14119 0.0 0.0 20500 628 ? Ss 14:54 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nobody 14120 0.0 0.1 22944 3212 ? S 14:54 0:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 14121 0.0 0.1 22944 3212 ? S 14:54 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 14123 0.0 0.0 112680 968 pts/0 R+ 14:54 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx6、测试是否正确解析PHP
[root@123 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/test.php //写入以下内容
<?php
echo "This is a test php page!";?>
[root@123 ~]# curl localhost/test.php
This is a test php page![root@sdwaqw ~]# //出现这个说明解析正常二、Nginx默认虚拟主机
在Nginx中也有默认虚拟主机，跟httpd类似，第一个被Nginx加载的虚拟主机就是默认主机，但和httpd不相同的地方是，它还有一个配置用来标记默认虚拟主机，也就是说，如果没有这个标记，第一个虚拟主机为默认虚拟主机。
1、修改主配置文件
[root@123 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf //修改为以下内容
#加入这行，意思是/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/下面所有以.conf结尾的都会加载
include vhost/*.conf;#这里方便实验先注释掉server的内容# server# {# listen 80;# server_name localhost;# index index.html index.htm index.php;# root /usr/local/nginx/html;# location ~ \.php$ # {# include fastcgi_params;# fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;# fastcgi_index index.php;# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;# } # }
} 2、创建vhost目录及配置文件
[root@123 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost
[root@123 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost
[root@123 vhost]# vim zlinux.conf //写入以下内容
server
{
listen 80 default_server; //有这个标记的就是默认虚拟主机
server_name zlinux.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/wwwroot/default;
}
[root@123 vhost]# mkdir /data/wwwroot
[root@123 vhost]# mkdir /data/wwwroot/default
[root@123 vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@123 vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload //重新加载配置文件
[root@123 vhost]# echo "这是默认主机" > /data/wwwroot/default/index.html
[root@123 vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 zlinux.com
这是默认主机
[root@123 vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 11223.com //访问一个没有定义的网址，一会访问到zlinux.com
这是默认主机三、用户认证
1、创建一个新的虚拟主机
[root@123 vhost]# vim linuxtest.conf
server
{
listen 80;
server_name linuxtest.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/wwwroot/linuxxtest;
location /
{
auth_basic "Auth";
auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;
}
}
[root@123 vhost]# mkdir /data/wwwroot/linuxtest
[root@123 vhost]# yum install -y httpd //安装httpd，也可以用之前编译安装的apache2
[root@123 vhost]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd 123 //-c选项第一创建用户时使用，否则回清空用户
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user 123
[root@123 vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@123 vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
两句核心，auth_basic打开认证，auth_basic_user_file指定用户密码文件。生成密码工具需要借助apache的htpasswd。Nginx不自带这个工具。2、验证
[root@123 vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 linuxtest.com -I
HTTP/1.1 401 UnauthorizedServer: nginx/1.12.2Date: Tue, 13 Mar 2018 07:38:42 GMTContent-Type: text/htmlContent-Length: 195Connection: keep-aliveWWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="Auth"
//401状态码，说明访问需要验证
[root@123 vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 -u 123:123456 linuxtest.com //加上用户名密码就能访问
这是用户认证测试主机四、域名重定向
Nginx的域名重定向与httpd类似。
[root@123 vhost]# vim moved.conf
server
{
listen 80;
#nginx可以配置多个主机名，apache只能使用ServerAlias来指定别名
server_name testmoved.com testmoved2.com testmoved3.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/wwwroot/testmoved;
#判断host是否为test.com
if ($host != 'test.com')
{
rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://test.com/$1 permanent;
}
}
[root@123 vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@123 vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@123 vhost]# mkdir /data/wwwroot/testmoved
[root@123 vhost]# echo "重新定向测试成功" > /data/wwwroot/testmoved/index.html
[root@123 vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 testmoved.com/
重新定向测试成功
[root@123 vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 testmoved2.com/ -I
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Server: nginx/1.12.2
Date: Tue, 13 Mar 2018 08:07:21 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 185
Connection: keep-alive
Location: http://testmoved.com/
扩展 nginx.conf 配置详解 http://www.ha97.com/5194.html http://my.oschina.net/duxuefeng/blog/34880 nginx rewrite四种flag http://www.netingcn.com/nginx-rewrite-flag.html http://unixman.blog.51cto.com/10163040/1711943