有个Maven私服可以很方便地管理我们的jar包和发布构建到远程仓库，本文就介绍了如何在Linux下一步步使用Nexus搭建Maven私服。
下载安装
最新nexus下载地址：http://www.sonatype.org/nexus/go
解压后会在同级目录中，出现两个文件夹：nexus-oss-webapp-1.8.0和sonatype-work，前者包含了nexus的运行环境和应用程序，后者包含了你自己的配置和数据。
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$ mkdir nexus
$ tar xzvf /home/jili/nexus-2.7.0-05-bundle.tar.gz
$ ls
nexus-2.7.0-05 sonatype-work
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启动nexus
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$ cd bin/
$ ls
jsw nexus nexus.bat
$ ./nexus
Usage: ./nexus { console | start | stop | restart | status | dump }
$ ./nexus start
Starting Nexus OSS...
Started Nexus OSS.
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查看控制台：
显示未启动成功，报错如下：
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$ ./nexus console
Running Nexus OSS...
wrapper | --> Wrapper Started as Console
wrapper | Launching a JVM...
wrapper | JVM exited while loading the application.
jvm 1 | Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: org/sonatype/nexus/bootstrap/jsw/JswLauncher : Unsupported major.minor version 51.0
jvm 1 | at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
jvm 1 | at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:632)
jvm 1 | at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:616)
jvm 1 | at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)
jvm 1 | at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)
jvm 1 | at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)
jvm 1 | at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)
jvm 1 | at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
jvm 1 | at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
jvm 1 | at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307)
jvm 1 | at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
jvm 1 | at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:248)
jvm 1 | Could not find the main class: org.sonatype.nexus.bootstrap.jsw.JswLauncher. Program will exit.
wrapper | Reloading Wrapper configuration...
wrapper | Launching a JVM...
wrapper | JVM exited while loading the application.
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jvm 5 | Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: org/sonatype/nexus/bootstrap/jsw/JswLauncher : Unsupported major.minor version 51.0
jvm 5 | at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
jvm 5 | at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:632)
jvm 5 | at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:616)
jvm 5 | at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)
jvm 5 | at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)
jvm 5 | at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)
jvm 5 | at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)
jvm 5 | at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
jvm 5 | at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
jvm 5 | at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307)
jvm 5 | at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
jvm 5 | at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:248)
jvm 5 | Could not find the main class: org.sonatype.nexus.bootstrap.jsw.JswLauncher. Program will exit.
wrapper | There were 5 failed launches in a row, each lasting less than 300 seconds. Giving up.
wrapper | There may be a configuration problem: please check the logs.
wrapper | <-- Wrapper Stopped
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原因：查找原因是JDK版本过低造成的，升级到最新的JDK7或者使用nexus-2.4-bundle.tar.gz版���JDK6会支持.
Nexus所有版本下载地址：http://www.sonatype.org/nexus/archived
下载Nexus2.4重来
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$ ls
nexus-2.4.0-09 sonatype-work
$ cd nexus-2.4.0-09/bin/
$ ls
jsw nexus nexus.bat
$ ./nexus
Usage: ./nexus { console | start | stop | restart | status | dump }
$ ./nexus start
Starting Nexus OSS...
Started Nexus OSS.
$ ./nexus console
Running Nexus OSS...
Nexus OSS is already running.
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控制台显示启动成功。
查看nexus日志：
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$ cd nexus-2.4.0-09/logs
$ ls
wrapper.log
$ tail -f wrapper.log
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配置nexus
访问网址：http://yourhostname:8081/nexus
右上角以admin登陆，默认用户名/密码：admin/admin123。
3rd party、Snapshots、Releases这三个，分别用来保存第三方jar、项目组内部的快照、项目组内部的发布版.
手动添加第三方jar
将第三方的jar上传到nexus上面：
点击Upload Artifact(s)按钮提交后即上传。
查看上传的jar包如下：
在项目中使用私服的jar包配置pom.xml如下：
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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.vclk.mkt.crawler</groupId>
<artifactId>MarketingCrawler</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<version>0.3</version>
<name>MarketingCrawler</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<!-- 仓库地址 -->
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>nexus</id>
<name>Team Nexus Repository</name>
<url>http://yourhostname:8081/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<!-- 插件地址 -->
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>nexus</id>
<name>Team Nexus Repository</name>
<url>http://yourhostname:8081/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
<!-- jar -->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>de.innosystec</groupId>
<artifactId>java-unrar</artifactId>
<version>0.5</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
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Maven在项目根目录下执行mvn eclipse:eclipse命令时，所依赖的jar包都会从私服中下载到本地并关联上项目，私服中没有就会从网络上下载到私服，本地再从私服下载。
自动发布构件到远程仓库
在工程的pom.xml中添加：
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<distributionManagement>
<repository>
<id>nexus-releases</id>
<url>http://yourhostname:8081/nexus/content/repositories/releases/</url>
</repository>
<snapshotRepository>
<id>nexus-snapshots</id>
<url>http://yourhostname:8081/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/</url>
</snapshotRepository>
</distributionManagement>
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进入maven的安装目录apache-maven-3.1.1\conf目录下，向settings.xml配置文件中的语句块中添加如下所示：
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<servers>
<server>
<id>nexus-releases</id>
<username>admin</username>
<password>admin123</password>
</server>
<server>
<id>nexus-snapshots</id>
<username>admin</username>
<password>admin123</password>
</server>
</servers>
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进入windows命令行，在工程所在目录下执行
所部署的包就自动上传到了nexus安装目录下的/maven/nexus/sonatype-work/nexus/storage/releases/com/vclk/mkt/crawler/MarketingCrawler/0.3目录
nexus仓库中各目录介绍
项目中的各种jar包和项目快照等都放在/nexus/sonatype-work/nexus/storage/目录下，在这个目录下包括以下各种目录和存放相应文件。
/nexus/sonatype-work/nexus/storage/central - 用于放置maven从中央仓库中下载下来的项目pom.xml中配置到的相关jar包；
/nexus/sonatype-work/nexus/storage/thirdparty - 用于放置自己手动上传的第三方jar包；
/nexus/sonatype-work/nexus/storage/releases - 用于放置项目deploy后的发布版。