Centos7下MySql5.7安装及配置

安装MySql

1. 软件包：

   • mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   • mysql-community-common-5.7.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   • mysql-community-client-5.7.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   • mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

2. 安装流程(有依赖关系)

   [server@bogon ~]$ rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   [server@bogon ~]$ rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   [server@bogon ~]$ rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   [server@bogon ~]$ rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

配置MySql

1. 启动MySql服务

   [server@bogon ~]$ systemctl start mysqld.service

2. 查看MySql服务状态

   [server@bogon ~]$ systemctl status mysqld.service

3. 使用RPM软件包进行安装会生成一个初始随机密码，该密码被写入服务器错误日志(/var/log/mysqld.log)。

   [server@bogon ~]$ grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
   2018-07-10T12:35:03.497044Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: (hfu*hjnt3W;

4. 使用mysql命令, 用户名root及得到的随机密码登入MySql服务器进行密码修改

   [server@bogon ~]$ mysql -u root -p
   Enter password: (hfu*hjnt3W;
   mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password';
   注意： new_password长度必须大于8个字符，且有大小写、数字、特殊字符。

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5. 在防火墙中开启3306端口(MySql服务器莫扔过高端口)并查看端口状态

   [server@bogon ~]$ firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
   [server@bogon ~]$ firewall-cmd --reload
   [server@bogon ~]$ firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports

小技巧

1. 使用mysqlshow查看存在那些数据库或数据库中存在的表列表

shell> mysqlshow -u root -p
+--------------------+
|     Databases      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+

shell> mysqlshow -u root -p mysql
Database: mysql
+---------------------------+
|          Tables           |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv              |
| db                        |
| engine_cost               |
| event                     |
| func                      |
| general_log               |
| gtid_executed             |
| help_category             |
| help_keyword              |
| help_relation             |
| help_topic                |
| innodb_index_stats        |
| innodb_table_stats        |
| ndb_binlog_index          |
| plugin                    |
| proc                      |
| procs_priv                |
| proxies_priv              |
| server_cost               |
| servers                   |
| slave_master_info         |
| slave_relay_log_info      |
| slave_worker_info         |
| slow_log                  |
| tables_priv               |
| time_zone                 |
| time_zone_leap_second     |
| time_zone_name            |
| time_zone_transition      |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user                      |
+---------------------------+