程序要求：
1.角色：学校，学生，讲师
2.创建北京、上海两所学校（通过学校实例）
3.创建Linux、python、go三个课程，Linux、python在北京开设，go在上海开设
4.课程包括周期、价格，通过学校创建课程
5.通过学校创建班级，班级关联课程、讲师
6.创建学生时，选择学校，关联班级
7.创建讲师角色时要关联学校
8.产生的数据通过pickle序列化保存在文件里
分析
要实现三个角色（学生、老师、学校），那么要有三个视图接口，还要有一个初视图让用户选择要以哪个角色进入
学生视图：
学生进入学生视图，输入要进入的学校，学生姓名，年龄，班级（由于班级与课程绑定，即哪个班级就是学习什么科目已经事先订好了，所以不用输要学习的科目了），之后学生注册成功
教师视图：
教师进入教师视图，先输入教师姓名，之后可以查询自己所带的班级及学生等信息
学校视图：
学校管理人员进入学校视图，先选择管理哪个学校，之后可以创建班级，创建讲师，创建课程
过程
一、目录创建
二、main.py中一共有四个类，分别是初视图与三个视图接口
他们类下的每个方法分别实现我们刚才分析的功能，具体初始化和细节在模块中实现。
源码
start.py
import platform
import os
import sys
if platform.system() == "Windows":
BASE_DIR="\\".join(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)).split("\\")[:-1])
else:
BASE_DIR = "/".join(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)).split("/")[:-1])
sys.path.insert(0,BASE_DIR)#添加环境变量
from core import main
if __name__ == "__main__":
obj= main.Manage_center()
obj.run()setings.py
import platform
import os
import sys
if platform.system() == "Windows":
BASE_DIR = "\\".join(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)).split("\\")[:-1])
database_path=os.path.join(BASE_DIR,"database") #数据库路径
else:
BASE_DIR = "/".join(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)).split("/")[:-1])
database_path = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "database")
sys.path.insert(0, BASE_DIR)
school_db_file=os.path.join(database_path,"school")main.py
"""
主程序
"""
import sys
import os
import shelve
from conf import settings
from modules.school import School
"""初界面"""
class Manage_center(object):
def __init__(self):
pass
def run(self):
while True:
print(
"""
-------------欢迎进入选课系统---------------
1.学生视图
2.教师视图
3.学校视图
e.退出选课系统
"""
)
user_choice=input("\033[34;0m请输入要进入的视图或e退出：\033[0m")
if user_choice=="1":
Manage_student()
elif user_choice=="2":
Manage_teacher()
elif user_choice=="3":
Manage_school()
elif user_choice=="e":
break
else:
print("\033[31;0m您输入的选项错误，请重新输入\033[0m")
"""学生视图"""
class Manage_student(object):
def __init__(self):
if os.path.exists(settings.school_db_file+".dat"):
self.school_db=shelve.open(settings.school_db_file)#打开数据库
self.run_manage()
self.school_db.close()
else:
print("\033[31;0m请先创建学校\033[0m")
exit()
def run_manage(self):
print("--------------欢迎来到学生视图---------------")
for k in self.school_db:
print("学校名：",k)
choice_school=input("\033[34;0m请选择学校：\033[0m").strip()
if choice_school in self.school_db:
self.choice_school=choice_school
self.school_obj=self.school_db[choice_school]
student_name=input("\033[34;0m请输入学生姓名：\033[0m").strip()
student_age = input("\033[34;0m请输入学生年龄：\033[0m").strip()
self.school_obj.show_class_course()
class_choice=input("\033[34;0m请输入班级：\033[0m").strip()
if class_choice in self.school_obj.school_class:
self.school_obj.creat_student(student_name,student_age,class_choice)
self.school_db.update({self.choice_school:self.school_obj})#更新数据库
print("注册成功")
else:
print("输入的班级不存在")
else:
print("输入的学校不存在")
"""教师视图"""
class Manage_teacher(object):
def __init__(self):
if os.path.exists(settings.school_db_file + ".dat"): # shelve会生成三个文件，其中有.dat结尾
self.school_db = shelve.open(settings.school_db_file) # 打开学校数据库文件
self.run_manage() # 运行管理视图
self.school_db.close() # 关闭数据库文件
else:
print("\033[31;1m数据库文件不存在，请先创建学校\033[0m")
exit()
def run_manage(self):
for key in self.school_db:
print("学校名称：", key)
choice_school = input("\33[34;0m输入选择学校名:\33[0m").strip()
if choice_school in self.school_db:
self.choice_school = choice_school
self.school_obj = self.school_db[choice_school]
teacher_name = input('''\033[34;0m输入登录讲师的姓名：\033[0m''').strip()
while True:
if teacher_name in self.school_obj.school_teacher:
print("-------------欢迎来到教师中心----------------\n"
"查看班级 check_class\n"
"退出程序 exit" )
user_func = input('''\033[34;0m输入要操作的命令：\033[0m''').strip()
if hasattr(self, user_func):
getattr(self, user_func)(teacher_name)
else:
print("\033[31;1m讲师不存在\033[0m")
def check_class(self,teacher_name):
self.school_obj.show_teacher_classinfo(teacher_name)
def exit(self, *args):
self.school_db.close()
sys.exit("\033[32;1m欢迎下次使用选课系统\033[0m")
"""学校视图"""
class Manage_school(object):
def __init__(self):
if os.path.exists(settings.school_db_file+".dat"): #shelve会生成三个文件，其中有.dat结尾
self.school_db = shelve.open(settings.school_db_file) #打开学校数据库文件
self.run_manage() #运行管理视图
self.school_db.close() #关闭数据库文件
else:
print("\33[31;1m系统信息：初始化数据库\33[0m")
self.initialize_school() #初始化数据库
self.run_manage()
self.school_db.close()
def initialize_school(self):
'''实例化两个学校北京/上海'''
self.school_db = shelve.open(settings.school_db_file)
self.school_db['北京'] = School('北京', '中国.北京')
self.school_db['上海'] = School('上海', '中国.上海')
def run_manage(self):
'''运行学校管理视图 '''
while True:
for key in self.school_db:
print("学校名称：",key)
choice_school = input("\33[34;0m输入选择管理的学校名:\33[0m").strip()
if choice_school in self.school_db:
self.choice_school = choice_school
self.school_obj = self.school_db[choice_school]
while True:
print("\n欢迎来到老男孩%s校区\n"
"添加课程 add_course\n"
"增加班级 add_class\n"
"招聘讲师 add_teacher\n"
"查看课程 check_course\n"
"查看班级 check_class\n"
"查看讲师 check_teacher\n"
"退出程序 exit"% self.school_obj.school_name)
user_func = input('''\033[34;0m输入要操作的命令：\033[0m''').strip()
if hasattr(self,user_func):
getattr(self,user_func)()
else:
print("\33[31;1m输入错误：请输入正确的学校名\33[0m")
def add_course(self):
course_name = input('''\033[34;0m输入要添加课程的名称：\033[0m''').strip()
course_price = input('''\033[34;0m输入要添加课程的价格：\033[0m''').strip()
course_time = input('''\033[34;0m输入要添加课程的时长：\033[0m''').strip()
if course_name in self.school_obj.school_course: #判断课程是否已经添加过
print("\33[32;1m课程存在\33[0m")
self.school_obj.create_course(course_name, course_price, course_time)
print("\33[32;1m课程更新完成\33[0m")
else:
self.school_obj.create_course(course_name,course_price,course_time)
print("\33[32;1m课程添加成功\33[0m")
self.school_db.update({self.choice_school: self.school_obj}) #更新数据库数据
def add_class(self):
class_name = input('''\033[34;0m输入要添加班级的名称：\033[0m''').strip()
course_name = input('''\033[34;0m输入要关联的课程：\033[0m''').strip()
if class_name not in self.school_obj.school_class:
if course_name in self.school_obj.school_course:
course_obj = self.school_obj.school_course[course_name]
self.school_obj.create_class(class_name,course_obj)
self.school_db.update({self.choice_school: self.school_obj}) # 更新数据库数据
print("\33[32;1m班级创建成功\33[0m")
else:
print("\33[31;1m系统错误：关联的课程不存在\33[0m")
else:
print("\33[31;1m系统错误：班级已经存在\33[0m")
def add_teacher(self):
teacher_name = input('''\033[34;0m输入要招聘教师的名称：\033[0m''').strip()
teacher_salary = input('''\033[34;0m输入教师的薪资：\033[0m''').strip()
teacher_class = input('''\033[34;0m输入要关联的班级：\033[0m''').strip()
if teacher_class in self.school_obj.school_class: #判断班级是否存在
class_obj = self.school_obj.school_class[teacher_class] #获取班级名对应的实例
if teacher_name not in self.school_obj.school_teacher: #判断招聘教师是否存在，不存在创建，存在更新
self.school_obj.create_teacher(teacher_name,teacher_salary,teacher_class,class_obj)
print("\33[32;1m新讲师招聘成功\33[0m")
else:
self.school_obj.update_teacher(teacher_name, teacher_class, class_obj)
print("\33[32;1m讲师已经存在，信息更新完成\33[0m")
self.school_db.update({self.choice_school: self.school_obj}) # 更新数据库数据
else:
print("\33[31;1m系统错误：关联的班级不存在\33[0m")
def check_course(self):
self.school_obj.show_course()
def check_class(self):
self.school_obj.show_class()
def check_teacher(self):
self.school_obj.show_teacher()
def exit(self):
self.school_db.close()
sys.exit("\033[32;1m欢迎下次使用学员管理系统\033[0m")
classs.py
class Class(object):
'''班级类，包含名称，课程，学生'''
def __init__(self,class_name,course_obj):
self.class_name = class_name
self.class_courese = course_obj
self.class_student = {} #学生字典student.py
class Student(object):
'''学生类，包含姓名，年龄'''
def __init__(self,student_name,student_age):
self.student_name = student_name
self.student_age = student_agecourse.py
class Course():
'''定义课程类，包含名称，价格，周期'''
def __init__(self,course_name,course_price,course_time):
self.course_name = course_name
self.course_price = course_price
self.course_time = course_timeteacher.py
class Teacher(object):
'''讲师类，定义teacher_name，teacher_salary，包含teacher_class'''
def __init__(self, teacher_name, teacher_salary):
self.teacher_name = teacher_name
self.teacher_salary = teacher_salary
self.teacher_calss = [] #班级列表 [s14,15]
def teacher_add_class(self,class_name,class_obj):
self.teacher_calss[class_name] = class_objschool.py
from modules.course import Course
from modules.classs import Class
from modules.teacher import Teacher
from modules.student import Student
class School(object):
'''学校类，包含名称，地址，课程，班级，教师'''
def __init__(self,school_name,school_addr):
self.school_name = school_name
self.school_addr = school_addr
self.school_course = {} #学校所有的课程实例
self.school_class = {}
self.school_teacher = {}
#self.school_student = {}
def create_course(self,course_name,course_price,course_time):
'''创建课程'''
course_obj = Course(course_name,course_price,course_time)
self.school_course[course_name] = course_obj
def show_course(self):
'''查看课程信息'''
for key in self.school_course:
course_obj = self.school_course[key]
print("\33[32;1m课程：%s\t价格：%s\t周期：%s月\33[0m"%(course_obj.course_name,course_obj.course_price,
course_obj.course_time,))
def create_class(self,class_name,courese_obj):
'''创建班级'''
class_obj = Class(class_name,courese_obj)
self.school_class[class_name] = class_obj
def show_class(self):
for key in self.school_class:
class_obj = self.school_class[key]
print("\33[32;1m班级：%s\t关联课程：%s\33[0m" % (class_obj.class_name, class_obj.class_courese.course_name))
def show_class_course(self):
for key in self.school_class:
class_obj = self.school_class[key]
course_obj = class_obj.class_courese
print("\33[32;1m班级：%s\t关联课程：%s\t价格：%s\t周期：%s月\33[0m" % (class_obj.class_name, course_obj.course_name,
course_obj.course_price,course_obj.course_time))
def create_teacher(self,teacher_name, teacher_salary,class_name,class_obj):
'''创建讲师'''
teacher_obj = Teacher(teacher_name, teacher_salary)
teacher_obj.teacher_add_class(class_name,class_obj)
self.school_teacher[teacher_name] = teacher_obj
def update_teacher(self,teacher_name,class_name,class_obj):
'''更新教师信息'''
teacher_obj = self.school_teacher[teacher_name]
teacher_obj.teacher_add_class(class_name,class_obj)
def show_teacher(self):
'''查看讲师信息'''
for key in self.school_teacher:
teacher_obj = self.school_teacher[key]
class_list = []
for i in teacher_obj.teacher_calss:
class_list.append(i)
print("\33[32;1m讲师：%s\t薪资：%s\t关联班级：%s\33[0m" % (teacher_obj.teacher_name, teacher_obj.teacher_salary,
class_list ))
def create_student(self,student_name,student_age,class_choice):
'''注册学生'''
student_obj = Student(student_name,student_age) #生成学生实例
class_obj = self.school_class[class_choice] #获取学生所注册班级的实例对象
class_obj.class_student[student_name]=student_obj #班级实例里添加学生信息
self.school_class[class_choice] = class_obj #学校班级字典更新
def show_teacher_classinfo(self,teacher_name):
teacher_obj = self.school_teacher[teacher_name]
for i in teacher_obj.teacher_calss:
class_obj = self.school_class[i]
student_list = []
for k in class_obj.class_student:
student_list.append(k)
print("\33[32;1m班级：%s\t关联课程：%s\t学员:%s\33[0m" % (class_obj.class_name, class_obj.class_courese.course_name,
student_list))
我刚开始没有思路，很混乱，参考了https://www.cnblogs.com/lianzhilei/p/5985333.html