认识dataguard

主库

      *************************************************
      开启归档
      *************************************************
      SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=+FRA' valid_for=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)' scope=both; 设置归档路径      
      SQL> shutdown immediate   --所有节点
      SQL> startup mount        --第一节点
      SQL> alter database archivelog;
      SQL> alter database open;
      SQL> startup              --其他节点     
      
      *************************************************
      开启强制记录日志
      *************************************************
      select log_mode,FORCE_LOGGING from v$database;
      alter database force logging; 
      SQL> select log_mode,FORCE_LOGGING from v$database;

      LOG_MODE     FOR
      ------------ ---
      ARCHIVELOG   YES
      
      
      
      *************************************************
      主库参数设置
      *************************************************
      alter system set db_unique_name='rac' scope=spfile;
      alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(rac,rac_dg)' scope=both;
      alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=+FRA valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=rac' scope=both;
      alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=rac_sbdb lgwr async compression=enable valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=rac_dg' scope=both;
      alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1=enable scope=both;
      alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=enable scope=both;
      alter system set standby_file_management=auto scope=both;
      
      *************************************************
      主库文件备份
      *************************************************
      $ rman target /
      run{
         allocate channel c0 type disk;       
         allocate channel c1 type disk;
         backup database filesperset 3 format '/rman/prod_full_%U';
         sql 'alter system archive log current';
         backup archivelog all format '/rman/prod_arch_%U';
         release channel c0;
         release channel c1;
        }
      
      生成备库控制文件:
      SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/rman/prod_for_standby.ctl';
      
      生成备库参数文件:
      SQL> create pfile='/rman/prod.ora' from spfile;
      
      备份密码文件(10g/11g):
      ls -ltr $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw*
      如果不存在密码文件则创建:
      orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw< SID>.ora password=<xxxx> entries=5
      复制密码文件至其他所有节点,包括RAC环境下主库的其他节点。
      
      [oracle@rac1 rman]$ scp ./* 192.168.8.220:/rman/
      
      
备库


      *************************************************
      备库参数修改
      *************************************************
      $ cp prod.ora sbdb.ora
      编辑参数文件
      $ vi sbdb.ora
      *.__db_cache_size=377487360
      *.__java_pool_size=4194304
      *.__large_pool_size=8388608
      *.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
      *.__pga_aggregate_target=209715200
      *.__sga_target=624951296
      *.__shared_io_pool_size=0
      *.__shared_pool_size=222298112
      *.__streams_pool_size=0
      *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/rac/adump'
      *.audit_trail='db'
      *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
      *.control_files='/oradata/control01.ctl'
      *.db_block_size=8192
      *.db_create_file_dest='/oradata'
      *.db_domain=''
      *.db_name='rac'
      *.db_unique_name='rac1'
      *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
      *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=racXDB)'
      *.log_archive_config='dg_config=(rac,rac_dg)'
      *.log_archive_dest_1='location=/arch valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=rac'
      *.log_archive_dest_2='service=rac_prod lgwr async compression=enable valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=rac'
      *.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
      *.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
      *.open_cursors=300
      *.pga_aggregate_target=207618048
      *.processes=150
      *.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
      *.sga_target=624951296
      *.standby_file_management='AUTO'
      
      建立ADUMP
      # mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/rac/adump
      # chown oracle:oinstall adump
      
      配置SPFILE文件
      SQL> create spfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfilerac.ora' from pfile='/rman/sbdb.ora';
     
      *************************************************
      备库取回控制文件
      *************************************************
      RMAN> restore controlfile from '/rman/prod_for_standby.ctl';
      RMAN> alter database mount;
      禁用BCT
      为防止BCT文件重复覆盖,在临时环境执行下列脚本:
      SQL> alter database disable block change tracking;
      
      
      
      *************************************************
      备库恢复数据文件
      *************************************************
      $ rman target /
      RMAN> catalog start with '/rman'
      使用RMAN恢复数据文件
      文件系统示例:
      run{
         allocate channel c0 type disk;       
         allocate channel c1 type disk;
         set newname for datafile 1 to '/oradata/system';
         set newname for datafile 2 to '/oradata/sysaux';
         set newname for datafile 3 to '/oradata/undotbs1';
         set newname for datafile 4 to '/oradata/undotbs2';
         set newname for datafile 5 to '/oradata/users';   
         set newname for tempfile 1 to '/oradata/temp';
         restore database;
         switch datafile all;
         switch tempfile all;
         release channel c0;
         release channel c1;
        }
      exit;
      

      
      
      *************************************************
      字符串配置
      *************************************************
      在主和备所有节点配置TNS连接串,使用SCAN-IP,配置UR=A选项
      # su - oracle
      $ vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
      rac_prod =
        (DESCRIPTION =
          (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.8.201)(PORT = 1521))
          (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.8.203)(PORT = 1521))
          (CONNECT_DATA =
            (SERVER = DEDICATED)
            (SERVICE_NAME = rac)
          )
        )
        
      
      rac_sbdb =
        (DESCRIPTION =
          (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.8.220)(PORT = 1521))
          (CONNECT_DATA =
            (SERVER = DEDICATED)
            (SERVICE_NAME =rac_dg)
          )
        )
      
  
      在主备环境所有节点测试:
      # su - oracle
      $ sqlplus sys/oracle12345@orcl_prod as sysdba
      $ sqlplus sys/oracle12345@orcl_sbdb as sysdba
      
      
      *************************************************
      备库应用日志
      *************************************************
      启动归档应用进程
      alter database recover managed standby database  disconnect from session;
      观察归档日志应用的情况,当归档日志已经应用结束后。
      停止归档日志应用进程
      alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
      启动数据库至OPEN状态
      alter database open read only;
      再次启动归档应用进程
      alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
      查看目标数据库状态
      select open_mode from v$database;
      
      
验证阶段

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database  disconnect from session;

Database altered.


SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE
--------------------
READ ONLY WITH APPLY     



SQL> select * from v$logfile;


    GROUP# STATUS  TYPE    MEMBER                                                        IS_
---------- ------- ------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ---
     1       ONLINE  /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_fpggr8hh_.log                        NO
     2       ONLINE  /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_fpggr919_.log                        NO
     3       ONLINE  /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_fpggr9n3_.log                        NO
     4       ONLINE  /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_fpggrb4l_.log                        NO



SQL> select * from v$log;

    GROUP#    THREAD#  SEQUENCE#      BYTES  BLOCKSIZE      MEMBERS ARC STATUS           FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME         NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------   ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------------ ------------ ------------------
         1          1        149   52428800        512            1 YES CURRENT                4551681 05-AUG-18            4551575      05-AUG-18
         2          1        148   52428800        512            1 YES CLEARING               4551575 05-AUG-18            4551681      05-AUG-18
         3          2         85   52428800        512            1 YES CURRENT                4551742 05-AUG-18            4550125      05-AUG-18
         4          2         84   52428800        512            1 YES CLEARING               4550125 05-AUG-18            4551742      05-AUG-18

切换日志之后

SQL> select * from v$log;

    GROUP#    THREAD#  SEQUENCE#      BYTES  BLOCKSIZE      MEMBERS ARC STATUS           FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME         NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------------ ------------ ------------------
     1                1         149   52428800           512            1 YES CURRENT                 4551681 05-AUG-18                 4551575 05-AUG-18
     2                1         148   52428800           512            1 YES CLEARING                 4551575 05-AUG-18                 4551681 05-AUG-18
     3                2          85   52428800           512            1 YES CLEARING                 4551742 05-AUG-18                 4586661 05-AUG-18
     4                2          86   52428800           512            1 YES CURRENT                 4586661 05-AUG-18                 4551742 05-AUG-18


SQL> select * from v$standby_log;

no rows selected

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode           Archive Mode
Automatic archival           Enabled
Archive destination           ?/dbs/arch
Oldest online log sequence     148
Next log sequence to archive   0
Current log sequence           149
SQL> show parameter archive



SQL> select count(*) from test;

  COUNT(*)
----------
    126304

SQL> delete test where rownum <2000;

1999 rows deleted.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.


SQL> select count(*) from test;

  COUNT(*)
----------
    126304

SQL> /

  COUNT(*)
----------
    126304

SQL> /

  COUNT(*)
----------
    126304


Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 163 (in transit)
Mon Aug 06 06:06:25 2018
Archived Log entry 37 added for thread 1 sequence 163 rlc 982413589 ID 0x99358fd5 dest 2:
RFS[1]: No standby redo logfiles created
RFS[1]: Opened log for thread 1 sequence 164 dbid -1724571691 branch 982413589
Mon Aug 06 06:06:28 2018
Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch1_163_982413589.dbf
Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch2_97_982413589.dbf
Media Recovery Waiting for thread 2 sequence 98 (in transit)
Mon Aug 06 06:08:12 2018
Archived Log entry 38 added for thread 1 sequence 164 rlc 982413589 ID 0x99358fd5 dest 2:
RFS[1]: No standby redo logfiles created
RFS[1]: Opened log for thread 1 sequence 165 dbid -1724571691 branch 982413589
Mon Aug 06 06:09:15 2018
Archived Log entry 39 added for thread 1 sequence 165 rlc 982413589 ID 0x99358fd5 dest 2:
RFS[1]: No standby redo logfiles created
RFS[1]: Opened log for thread 1 sequence 166 dbid -1724571691 branch 982413589
Mon Aug 06 06:09:17 2018
Archived Log entry 40 added for thread 2 sequence 98 rlc 982413589 ID 0x99358fd5 dest 2:
RFS[3]: No standby redo logfiles created
RFS[3]: Opened log for thread 2 sequence 99 dbid -1724571691 branch 982413589


推测主库生成的归档文件通过rfs进程推送到备库指定的目录下,备库采用media recovery进行数据恢复。






alter database add standby  logfile thread 1 group 5  ('/oradata/stby_redo05.log') size 100m;
alter database add standby  logfile thread 1 group 6  ('/oradata/stby_redo06.log') size 100m;
alter database add standby  logfile thread 1 group 7  ('/oradata/stby_redo07.log') size 100m;
                                    
alter database add standby  logfile thread 2 group 9  ('/oradata/stby_redo09.log') size 100m;
alter database add standby  logfile thread 2 group 10  ('/oradata/stby_redo10.log') size 100m;
alter database add standby  logfile thread 2 group 11  ('/oradata/stby_redo11.log') size 100m;

alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

事务提交之后在备库就能查询到。


Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 171 (in transit)
Completed: alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session
Mon Aug 06 07:07:17 2018
Archived Log entry 48 added for thread 1 sequence 171 rlc 982413589 ID 0x99358fd5 dest 2:
RFS[2]: Selected log 5 for thread 1 sequence 172 dbid -1724571691 branch 982413589
Mon Aug 06 07:07:18 2018
Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch1_171_982413589.dbf
Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 172 (in transit)
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 5 Seq 172 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: /oradata/stby_redo05.log
  
  
---------- ------- ------- -------------------------------------------------- ---
     1       ONLINE  /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_fpggr8hh_.log    NO
     2       ONLINE  /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_fpggr919_.log    NO
     3       ONLINE  /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_fpggr9n3_.log    NO
     4       ONLINE  /oradata/RAC_DG/onlinelog/o1_mf_4_fpggrb4l_.log    NO
     5       STANDBY /oradata/stby_redo05.log                  NO
     6       STANDBY /oradata/stby_redo06.log                  NO
     7       STANDBY /oradata/stby_redo07.log                  NO
     9       STANDBY /oradata/stby_redo09.log                  NO
    10       STANDBY /oradata/stby_redo10.log                  NO
    11       STANDBY /oradata/stby_redo11.log                  NO

10 rows selected.

SQL> select * from v$log;

    GROUP#    THREAD#  SEQUENCE#      BYTES  BLOCKSIZE      MEMBERS ARC STATUS           FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME     NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------------ ------------ ------------------
     1        1         171   52428800       512        1 YES CLEARING             4597081 05-AUG-18             4605630 05-AUG-18
     2        1         172   52428800       512        1 YES CURRENT             4605630 05-AUG-18          2.8147E+14
     3        2          99   52428800       512        1 YES CLEARING             4592512 05-AUG-18             4590991 05-AUG-18
     4        2         100   52428800       512        1 YES CURRENT             4595584 05-AUG-18             4592512 05-AUG-18

SQL> select * from v$standby_log;

    GROUP# DBID                        THREAD#    SEQUENCE#      BYTES  BLOCKSIZE       USED ARC STATUS      FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME       NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME       LAST_CHANGE# LAST_TIME
---------- ---------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------- ------------- ------------------ ------------ ------------------ ------------ ------------------
     5 2570395605                         1          172  104857600        512    2567168 YES ACTIVE        4605630 05-AUG-18                        4606147 05-AUG-18
     6 UNASSIGNED                         1        0  104857600        512      0 YES UNASSIGNED
     7 UNASSIGNED                         1        0  104857600        512      0 YES UNASSIGNED
     9 UNASSIGNED                         2        0  104857600        512      0 YES UNASSIGNED
    10 UNASSIGNED                         2        0  104857600        512      0 YES UNASSIGNED
    11 UNASSIGNED                         2        0  104857600        512      0 YES UNASSIGNED

6 rows selected.


在这种模式下,备库不等归档文件传输过来,就已经将事务同步过来。感觉这里的传输归档和备库的没啥太大关系。



&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
为啥归档路径不对呢?

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/dayu-liu/p/9427880.html