本篇为ssm系列实战第二篇
将为大家带来的是项目环境,框架选择,项目启动所做的配置
请尽量与我相同,否则可能会有兼容之类的问题
选用的环境是:
编译器:IntelliJ IDEA 2017.3.5
Java版本: 1.8.0_152
Tomcat版本:8.0.48
Mysql版本:5.5.59
选用框架:
Apache-Maven-3.5.2
Spring-5.1.37
SpringMVC-5.1.37
MyBatis-3.3.0
接下来为大家介绍下我们所使用的,也是比较多人使用的Java后台框架:Maven,Spring,SpringMVC,MyBatis,Shiro
Maven项目对象模型(POM),可以通过一小段描述信息来管理项目的构建,报告和文档的软件项目管理工具。
Spring是一个开放源代码的设计层面框架,他解决的是业务逻辑层和其他各层的松耦合问题,
因此它将面向接口的编程思想贯穿整个系统应用。Spring是于2003 年兴起的一个轻量级的Java 开发框架,由Rod Johnson创建。
简单来说,Spring是一个分层的JavaSE/EE full-stack(一站式) 轻量级开源框架。
Spring MVC属于SpringFrameWork的后续产品,已经融合在Spring Web Flow里面。
Spring 框架提供了构建 Web 应用程序的全功能 MVC 模块。使用 Spring 可插入的 MVC 架构,
从而在使用Spring进行WEB开发时,可以选择使用Spring的SpringMVC框架或集成其他MVC开发框架,
如Struts1(现在一般不用),Struts2(一般老项目使用)等。
MyBatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架,它支持定制化 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射。
MyBatis 避免了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码和手动设置参数以及获取结果集。MyBatis 可以使用简单的 XML 或注解来配置和映射原生信息,
将接口和 Java 的 POJOs(Plain Old Java Objects,普通的 Java对象)映射成数据库中的记录。
项目启动所做的配置
首先我们要逆向生成Mapper,Dao,Bean,顺便把shiro也配好
maven的pom.xml:为项目提供jar依赖,每个dependency所对应的jar都写明
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>cn.zou</groupId>
<artifactId>Shopping</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>Shopping Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<mysql.version>5.1.37</mysql.version>
<spring.version>4.1.7.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 单元测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
</dependency>
<!--分页插件-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
<artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
<version>5.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--MBG-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis.generator/mybatis-generator-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
<version>1.3.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 1.日志 -->
<!-- 实现slf4j接口并整合 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 2.数据库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 阿里的druid dataSource -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- DAO: MyBatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 3.Servlet web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 4.Spring -->
<!-- 1)Spring核心 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 2)Spring DAO层 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 3)Spring web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 4)Spring test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Map工具类 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
<version>3.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--fastjson-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>
<!--JSON WEB TOKEN -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
<version>0.6.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--文件上传-->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 时间操作组件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>joda-time</groupId>
<artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>jdk-1.8</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
<jdk>1.8</jdk>
</activation>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
</properties>
</profile>
</profiles>
</project>
web.xml(配置spring,Druid)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!-- Spring配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:spring/spring-dao.xml,
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- spring加载前端控制器 -->
<!-- 如果是用mvn命令生成的xml,需要修改servlet版本为3.1 -->
<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>seckill-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置springMVC需要加载的配置文件
spring-dao.xml,spring-service.xml,spring-web.xml
Mybatis - > spring -> springmvc
-->
<!-- 加载spring容器监听器 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- url模式 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>seckill-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<!-- 默认匹配所有的请求 -->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 乱码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- druid -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<!-- 用户名 -->
<param-name>loginUserName</param-name>
<param-value>admin</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<!-- 登录密码 -->
<param-name>loginPassword</param-name>
<param-value>123456</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/druid/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>DruidWebStatFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>exclusions</param-name>
<param-value>*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>DruidWebStatFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- jstl配置 -->
<jsp-config>
<jsp-property-group>
<url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern>
<el-ignored>false</el-ignored>
</jsp-property-group>
</jsp-config>
</web-app>
编写spring的配置和springmvc:
1.读入数据库连接相关参数;2.配置连接属性;3.dao层,service层,web层配置,将扫描dao层接口,动态实现dao接口,也就是说不需要daoImpl,sql和参数都写在xml文件上。;4.shiro的配置
jdbc-properties
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/gdut_ssm?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
druid_initialSize=1
druid_minIdle=1
druid_maxActive=10
druid_maxWait=10000
druid_timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000
druid_minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=300000
编写MyBatis的配置:每个setting都在其上写明功能
mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 配置全局属性 -->
<settings>
<!-- 使用jdbc的getGeneratedKeys获取数据库自增主键值 -->
<setting name="useGeneratedKeys" value="true" />
<!-- 使用列别名替换列名 默认:true -->
<setting name="useColumnLabel" value="true" />
<!-- 关闭延迟加载 -->
<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="false"/>
<!-- 开启驼峰命名转换:Table{create_time} -> Entity{createTime} -->
<setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true" />
</settings>
<plugins>
<plugin interceptor="com.github.pagehelper.PageInterceptor">
<!--分页参数的合理化-->
<property name="reasonable" value="true"></property>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</configuration>
spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.zou.shopping">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!--Spring的配置文件,主要配置和业务有关的-->
<!--===============数据源,事务控制,=======================,-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
<!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="${druid_initialSize}" />
<property name="minIdle" value="${druid_minIdle}" />
<property name="maxActive" value="${druid_maxActive}" />
<!-- 配置获取连接等待超时的时间 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="${druid_maxWait}" />
<!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测,检测需要关闭的空闲连接,单位是毫秒 -->
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="${druid_timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}" />
<!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间,单位是毫秒 -->
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="${druid_minEvictableIdleTimeMillis}" />
<property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
<!-- 这里建议配置为TRUE,防止取到的连接不可用 -->
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="true" />
<property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />
<!-- 打开PSCache,并且指定每个连接上PSCache的大小 -->
<property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
<property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize"
value="20" />
<property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" />
<property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="1800" />
<!-- 配置监控统计拦截的filters,去掉后监控界面sql无法统计 -->
<property name="filters" value="stat" />
</bean>
<!--======================================================-->
<!--====================配置和mybatis的整合======================-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!--指定mybatis全局的配置位置-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<!-- 扫描entity包 使用别名 -->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="cn.zou.shopping.bean" />
<!--指定mybatis的mapper的位置-->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置可以执行批量的sqlSession-->
<bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
<constructor-arg name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg name="executorType" value="BATCH"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包,动态实现Dao接口,注入到spring容器中 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
<!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="cn.zou.shopping.dao" />
</bean>
<!--=============================================================-->
<!--===========================事务控制的配置=======================-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!--控制事务源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
spring-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- 扫描service包下所有使用注解的类型 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.zou.shopping.service" />
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- 上传文件 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
<!-- 最大内存大小 -->
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="10240"/>
<!-- 最大文件大小,-1为不限制大小 -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="-1"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置基于注解的声明式事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>
spring-web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
<!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解模式 -->
<!-- 简化配置:
(1)自动注册DefaultAnootationHandlerMapping,AnotationMethodHandlerAdapter
(2)提供一些列:数据绑定,数字和日期的format @NumberFormat, @DateTimeFormat, xml,json默认读写支持
-->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置
(1)加入对静态资源的处理:js,gif,png
(2)允许使用"/"做整体映射
-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
<property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8"/>
</bean>
<!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.zou.shopping.controller" />
<!-- 上传文件拦截,设置最大上传文件大小 10M=10*1024*1024(B)=10485760 bytes -->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760" />
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
</bean>
<!-- 对静态资源文件的访问 -->
<mvc:resources mapping="/img/**" location="WEB-INF/img/"/>
<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="WEB-INF/js/"/>
<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="WEB-INF/css/"/>
<mvc:resources mapping="/fonts/**" location="WEB-INF/fonts/"/>
</beans>
最后一个main方法逆向生成Mapper,Mapper.xml,bean文件
public class MBGTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
List<String> warnings = new ArrayList<String>();
boolean overwrite = true;
File configFile = new File("mbg.xml");
ConfigurationParser cp = new ConfigurationParser(warnings);
Configuration config = cp.parseConfiguration(configFile);
DefaultShellCallback callback = new DefaultShellCallback(overwrite);
MyBatisGenerator myBatisGenerator = new MyBatisGenerator(config, callback, warnings);
myBatisGenerator.generate(null);
}
}
注意:使用IDEA开发,我们是要给工程配置下spring环境的!!
当执行main方法能够逆向生成代码时,说明配置环境成功,可以写一个Junit测试类测试一下Mapper中的方法,仅需调用你所需要的功能即可。
如:这里测试的是插入用户,插入权限,
如果这里的User,Role类无法查找到的话请在类前面加入@Component,由于是自动生成的代码就不多粘贴出来了
@Component
public class User {
private Long uId;
private String username;
private String password;
private String nickname;
private Integer status;
private Date uptime;
}
/**
* @Description: 测试dao层的工作
* 推荐Spring的项目就可以使用Spring的单元测试类,可以自动注入需要我们需要的组件
* 1.导入SpringTest模块
* 2.@ContextConfiguration指定配置文件的位置
* 3.直接@Autowired要使用的组件即可
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring/spring-dao.xml"})
public class MapperTest {
@Autowired
User user;
@Autowired
Role role;
@Autowired
SqlSession sqlSession;
/**
* 测试DepartmentMapper
*/
@Test
public void testCRUD(){
System.out.println(user);
RoleMapper mapper1=sqlSession.getMapper(RoleMapper.class);
mapper1.insertSelective(new Role("超级管理员","拥有所有权限"));
mapper1.insertSelective(new Role("普通管理员","拥有除处理超级管理员外及修改用户权限外所有部分权限"));
mapper1.insertSelective(new Role("普通用户","拥有浏览网页,购买商品权限"));
UserMapper mapper2 = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
String nickname = UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(0,5)+i;
mapper2.insertSelective(new User("zou","12345"+"i",nickname,1));
System.out.println("批量完成!!");
}
}
}
在接下来的系列实战中,我们将自己编写SQL语句而不是调用MyBatis提供的,所以请读者熟悉SQL语句的使用