1.在CentOS下安装好mysql后（不懂安装的可以看我博客下的另一篇文章），打开..\etc\my.cnf 文件，把以下内容加入并保存
[client]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysqld]
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
2.设置数据库全局参数、数据库、表、字符集等为utfmb4
character_set_server=utf8mb4
Step 2. 设置库的字符集为 utf8mb4
ALTER DATABASE database_name CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
Step 3. 设置表的字符集为 utf8mb4
ALTER TABLE table_name CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
Step 4. 设置字段的字符集为 utf8mb4
ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE column_name column_name VARCHAR(191) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
3.重启数据库
systemctl restart mysqld.service
4.查看服务器字符集设置：
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| collation_connection | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_database | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_server | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
+--------------------------+--------------------+