Shiro Web集成
推荐入门网站:http://how2j.cn/k/shiro/shiro-plan/1732.html 通俗易懂,主要是有Demo
https://www.w3cschool.cn/shiro/ 较为详细,深入
难点:学习Shiro框架的最大难点,我觉得是一大批的陌生API,概念来袭,根本猝不及防,大的我是措手不及,连连败退,大战Shiro几天几夜后,算是入门了。
一:Shiro框架是一款权限管理的框架,主要功能为认证,授权,加密,会话管理。
Shiro的三大核心组件:
SecurityManager:你可以把它当成Struts2/SpringMVC的前端核心控制器,用于拦截请求并分发请求
Subject:Shiro的牌面,用于与外界交互
Realm:这个东西你可以把它作为一个验证器,或者数据源。用户信息封装为Token后传入Realm进行验证,并进行授权。
二:Shiro的流程
三:数据的配置
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所需创建的表有5张,用户表(user),角色表(roles),权限表(permission),用户与角色之间的关系(user-roles),角色与权限之间的关系(roles-permission)
还需要创建查询的语句,mybatis,jbdc都行,这里用的是mybatis
public interface userDao {
public String getPassword(Serializable name);
public Set listRoles(Serializable name);
public Set listPermissions(Serializable name);
public void createUser(User user);
public User getUser(Serializable name);
}
userDao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org/DTD Mapper 3.0" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="dao.userDao">
<select id="getPassword" resultType="String">
select password from user where name=#{name}
</select>
<select id="listRoles" resultType="String">
select r.name from user u
left join user_role ur on u.id = ur.uid
left join Role r on r.id = ur.rid
where u.name = #{name}
</select>
<select id="listPermissions" resultType="String">
select p.name from user u
left join user_role ru on u.id = ru.uid
left join role r on r.id = ru.rid
left join role_permission rp on r.id = rp.rid
left join permission p on p.id = rp.pid
where u.name =#{name}
</select>
<insert id="createUser">
insert into user values(null,#{name},#{password},#{salt})
</insert>
<select id="getUser" resultType="bean.User">
select * from user where name=#{name}
</select>
</mapper>
四:配置
web.xml
<listener>
<listener-class>org.apache.shiro.web.env.EnvironmentLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 加载shiro.ini -->
<context-param>
<param-name>shiroEnvironmentClass</param-name>
<param-value>org.apache.shiro.web.env.IniWebEnvironment</param-value>
<context-param>
<param-name>shiroConfigLocations</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:shiro.ini</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- shiro过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ShiroFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
shiro.xml
[main]
#使用数据库进行验证和授权
databaseRealm=shiro1.DatabaseRealm
securityManager.realms=$databaseRealm
#当访问需要验证的页面,但是又没有验证的情况下,跳转到login.jsp
authc.loginUrl=/login.jsp
#当访问需要角色的页面,但是又不拥有这个角色的情况下,跳转到noroles.jsp
roles.unauthorizedUrl=/noRoles.jsp
#当访问需要权限的页面,但是又不拥有这个权限的情况下,跳转到noperms.jsp
perms.unauthorizedUrl=/noPerms.jsp
#users,roles和perms都通过前面知识点的数据库配置了
[users]
#urls用来指定哪些资源需要什么对应的授权才能使用
[urls]
#doLogout地址就会进行退出行为
/doLogout=logout
#login.jsp,noroles.jsp,noperms.jsp 可以匿名访问
/login.jsp=anon
/noroles.jsp=anon
/noperms.jsp=anon
#查询所有产品,需要登录后才可以查看
/listProduct.jsp=authc
#删除商品不仅需要登录,而且要拥有 productManager 权限才可以操作
/deleteProduct.jsp=authc,roles[productManager]
#删除订单,不仅需要登录,而且要拥有 deleteOrder 权限才可以操作
/deleteOrder.jsp=authc,perms["deleteOrder"]
原生Servlet
@WebServlet(name = "loginServlet", urlPatterns = "/login")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String name = req.getParameter("name");
String password = req.getParameter("password");
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(name, password);
try {
subject.login(token);
Session session=subject.getSession();
session.setAttribute("subject", subject);
resp.sendRedirect("");
} catch (AuthenticationException e) {
req.setAttribute("error", "验证失败");
req.getRequestDispatcher("login.jsp").forward(req, resp);
}
}
}
Realm
public class DatabaseRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
//能进入到这里,表示账号已经通过验证了
String userName =(String) principalCollection.getPrimaryPrincipal();
//通过DAO获取角色和权限
Set<String> permissions = new DAO().listPermissions(userName);
Set<String> roles = new DAO().listRoles(userName);
//授权对象
SimpleAuthorizationInfo s = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
//把通过DAO获取到的角色和权限放进去
s.setStringPermissions(permissions);
s.setRoles(roles);
return s;
}
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
//获取账号密码
UsernamePasswordToken t = (UsernamePasswordToken) token;
String userName= token.getPrincipal().toString();
String password= new String( t.getPassword());
//获取数据库中的密码
String passwordInDB = new DAO().getPassword(userName);
//如果为空就是账号不存在,如果不相同就是密码错误,但是都抛出AuthenticationException,而不是抛出具体错误原因
if(null==passwordInDB || !passwordInDB.equals(password))
throw new AuthenticationException();
//认证信息里存放账号密码, getName() 是当前Realm的继承方法,通常返回当前类名 :databaseRealm
SimpleAuthenticationInfo a = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(userName,password,getName());
return a;
}
ok