(转)Java单元测试，测试环境、自动构建脚本

本文转自http://blog.csdn.net/ybygjy/article/details/6135915

Java单元测试，测试环境、自动构建脚本

Java单元测试， 测试环境、自动执行脚本

如何进行单元测试，如何批量执行测试用例？

2011年 01 月 13 日

文章内容描述了单元测试环境以及单元测试自动构建脚本

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单元测试

[好处]

最早发现问题

利于软件维护

[缺点]

麻烦、增加工作量

测试环境

[工具包]

JUnit4 单元测试框架

HttpUnit 辅助进行Web单元测试

Ant1.7.1 实现自动化构建

辅助单元测试

[考虑测试资源]

数据源的绑定，像J2EE系统都会有一个Web容器，如Resin/Tomcat等，这些容器都会有自己的 java.naming.InitialContextFactory 实现，可以直接使用相关Web容器的JNDI实现完成数据源的绑定。

[模块间的依赖关系]

这块可考虑扩展JUnit来实现，有篇文章就是讨论扩展JUnit主题，见 参考资料 。

自动构建脚本

目录结构

Ant脚本  (下载文件)

[xhtml] view plain copy print ?

1. <? xml   version = "1.0"   encoding = "UTF-8" ?>   
2. < project   default = "main" >   
3.     < tstamp >   
4.         < format   property = "date"   pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"   locale = "zh"   />   
5.     </ tstamp >   
6.     < property   name = "project"   value = "TestUnit"   />   
7.     < property   name = "project.basedir"   value = "D:/work/workspace/mywork"   />   
8.     < property   name = "project.build"   value = "${project.basedir}/build"   />   
9.     < property   name = "project.build.lib"   value = "${project.build}/lib"   />   
10.     < property   name = "project.build.tmpdir"   value = "${project.build}/tmp"   />   
11.     < property   name = "project.build.tmpdir.confdir"   value = "${project.build}/tmp/WEB-INF"   />   
12.     < property   name = "project.webroot"   value = "${project.basedir}/WebContent"   />   
13.     < property   name = "project.webroot.confdir"   value = "${project.webroot}/WEB-INF"   />   
14.     < property   name = "project.webroot.lib"   value = "${project.webroot.confdir}/lib"   />   
15.     < property   name = "project.junit.output"   value = "${project.webroot}/junit"   />   
16.     <!--global conf-->   
17.     < path   id = "project.compile.lib" >   
18.         < pathelement   path = "${classpath}"   />   
19.         < fileset   dir = "${project.webroot.lib}" >   
20.             < include   name = "**/*.jar"   />   
21.         </ fileset >   
22.     </ path >   
23.     < path   id = "project.compile.testlib" >   
24.         < pathelement   path = "${project.build.tmpdir}"   />   
25.         < fileset   dir = "${project.build.lib}" >   
26.             < include   name = "**/*.jar"   />   
27.         </ fileset >   
28.     </ path >   
29.     < patternset   id = "project.junit.exclude" >   
30.         < include   name = "**/*Test*"   />   
31.         < exclude   name = "**/testunit/**"   />   
32.         < exclude   name = "**/chart/**"   />   
33.         < exclude   name = "**/workflow/**"   />   
34.         < exclude   name = "**/TestAction*"   />   
35.     </ patternset >   
36.   
37.     < target   name = "init" >   
38.         < echo > Init Begin </ echo >   
39.         < mkdir   dir = "${project.build.tmpdir}"   />   
40.         < mkdir   dir = "${project.build.tmpdir.confdir}"   />   
41.         < mkdir   dir = "${project.junit.output}"   />   
42.         < echo > Init End </ echo >   
43.     </ target >   
44.     < target   name = "destroy" >   
45.         < echo > Destroy Begin </ echo >   
46.         < delete   dir = "${project.build.tmpdir}"   />   
47.         < delete >   
48.             < fileset   dir = "${project.junit.output}" >   
49.                 < include   name = "TEST*.xml"   />   
50.             </ fileset >   
51.         </ delete >   
52.         < echo > Destroy End </ echo >   
53.     </ target >   
54.     < target   name = "compileSRC" >   
55.         < echo   message = "Compile SRC Begin"   />   
56.         < javac   srcdir = "${project.basedir}/src"   destdir = "${project.build.tmpdir}" >   
57.             < classpath   refid = "project.compile.lib"   />   
58.         </ javac >   
59.         < echo   message = "Compile SRC End"   />   
60.     </ target >   
61.     < target   name = "compileTEST" >   
62.         < echo   message = "Compile TEST Begin"   />   
63.         < javac   srcdir = "${project.basedir}/test"   destdir = "${project.build.tmpdir}"   encoding = "GBK" >   
64.             < classpath   refid = "project.compile.lib"   />   
65.             < classpath   refid = "project.compile.testlib"   />   
66.         </ javac >   
67.         < echo   message = "Compile TEST End"   />   
68.     </ target >   
69.     < target   name = "copyfile" >   
70.         < echo   message = "BEGIN WEB-INF END"   />   
71.         < copy   todir = "${project.build.tmpdir.confdir}" >   
72.             < fileset   dir = "${project.webroot.confdir}" >   
73.                 < include   name = "*.xml"   />   
74.                 < include   name = "*.properties"   />   
75.                 < include   name = "*.log"   />   
76.             </ fileset >   
77.         </ copy >   
78.         < echo   message = "Copy WEB-INF END"   />   
79.         < echo   message = "Copy test config file BEGIN"   />   
80.         < copy   todir = "${project.build.tmpdir}" >   
81.             < fileset   dir = "${project.basedir}/test" >   
82.                 < include   name = "**/*.properties"   />   
83.             </ fileset >   
84.         </ copy >   
85.         < echo   message = "Copy test config file END"   />   
86.     </ target >   
87.     < target   name = "testunit" >   
88.         < echo   message = "Running TestCase Begin"   />   
89.         < junit   printsummary = "on"   fork = "true"   showoutput = "true" >   
90.             < classpath   refid = "project.compile.lib"   />   
91.             < classpath   refid = "project.compile.testlib"   />   
92.             < formatter   type = "xml"   />   
93.             < batchtest   todir = "${project.junit.output}" >   
94.                 < fileset   dir = "${project.build.tmpdir}" >   
95.                     < patternset   refid = "project.junit.exclude"   />   
96.                 </ fileset >   
97.             </ batchtest >   
98.         </ junit >   
99.         < echo   message = "Running TestCase End"   />   
100.     </ target >   
101.     < target   name = "report"   depends = "testunit" >   
102.         < echo   message = "Report Begin"   />   
103.         < junitreport   todir = "${project.junit.output}" >   
104.             < fileset   dir = "${project.junit.output}" >   
105.                 < include   name = "TEST-*.xml"   />   
106.             </ fileset >   
107.             < report   todir = "${project.junit.output}"   format = "frames"   />   
108.         </ junitreport >   
109.         < echo   message = "Report End"   />   
110.     </ target >   
111.     < target   name = "openFile" >   
112.         < taskdef   name = "browseURL"   classname = "com.hd.testunit.AntOpenCommand" >   
113.             < classpath   path = "${classpath}"   />   
114.             < classpath   location = "${project.build.tmpdir}"   />   
115.         </ taskdef >   
116.         < browseURL   fileUrl = "${project.junit.output}/index.html"   />   
117.     </ target >   
118.     < target   name = "compile"   depends = "compileSRC, compileTEST" >   
119.         < echo   message = "Compile successful."   />   
120.         < antcall   target = "copyfile"   />   
121.     </ target >   
122.     < target   name = "main"   depends = "init,compile,report,openFile,destroy" >   
123.         < echo >   
124.             date:${date}  
125.         </ echo >   
126.     </ target >   
127. </ project >