一、Oracle创建存储过程
1、基本语法
create
or
replace
procedure
update_emp_sal
(Name in out type,
Name in out type, ...
) is
begin
end update_emp_sal;
(Name in out type,
Name in out type, ...
) is
begin
end update_emp_sal;
2、写一个简单的例子修改emp表的ename字段
create
or
replace
procedure
update_emp
(
v_empno varchar2 ,
v_ename varchar2
) is
begin
update emp set ename = v_ename where empno = v_empno;
end update_emp;
(
v_empno varchar2 ,
v_ename varchar2
) is
begin
update emp set ename = v_ename where empno = v_empno;
end update_emp;
调用方法如下:
SQL
>
exec
update_emp(
'
7935
'
,
'
test
'
);
2、有返回值的存储过程
就写一个简单的返回empno=7935的sal值
create
or
replace
procedure
emp_out_sal
(
v_empno in varchar2 ,
v_sal out number
) is
vsal number ( 7 , 2 );
begin
select sal into vsal from emp where empno = v_empno;
v_sal: = vsal;
end ;
(
v_empno in varchar2 ,
v_sal out number
) is
vsal number ( 7 , 2 );
begin
select sal into vsal from emp where empno = v_empno;
v_sal: = vsal;
end ;
调用有返回值的过程
SQL
>
var
vsal
number
SQL > exec emp_out_sal( ' 7935 ' ,:vsal);
PL / SQL procedure successfully completed
vsal
-- -------
700
SQL > var vsal number
SQL > call emp_out_sal( ' 7935 ' ,:vsal);
Method called
vsal
-- -------
700
SQL > exec emp_out_sal( ' 7935 ' ,:vsal);
PL / SQL procedure successfully completed
vsal
-- -------
700
SQL > var vsal number
SQL > call emp_out_sal( ' 7935 ' ,:vsal);
Method called
vsal
-- -------
700
二、Oracle创建函数(function)
1、基本语法规则如下:
create
or
replace
function
(Name
in
type, Name
in
type, ...)
return
number
is
Result number ;
begin
return (Result);
end ;
Result number ;
begin
return (Result);
end ;
2、写一个简单的查询例子查询出empno=7935的sal值
create
or
replace
function
ret_emp_sal(v_ename
varchar2
)
return number
is
v_sal number ( 7 , 2 );
begin
select nvl(sal, 0 ) into v_sal from emp where lower (ename) = lower (v_ename);
return v_sal;
end ;
return number
is
v_sal number ( 7 , 2 );
begin
select nvl(sal, 0 ) into v_sal from emp where lower (ename) = lower (v_ename);
return v_sal;
end ;
调用此函数:
SQL
>
var
vsla
number
SQL > call ret_emp_sal ( ' 7935 ' ) into :vsal;
Method called
vsal
-- -------
700
SQL > call ret_emp_sal ( ' 7935 ' ) into :vsal;
Method called
vsal
-- -------
700
三、Oracle创建包
包用于组合逻辑相关的过程和函数,它由包规范和包体两个部分组成。包规范用于定义公用的常量、变量、过程和函数,创建包规范可以使用CREATE PACKAGE命令,创建包体可以使用CREATE PACKAGE BODY
1、创建包规范
create
package emp_pkg
is
procedure emp_update_ename(v_empno varchar2 ,v_ename varchar2 );
function emp_get_sal(v_empno varchar2 ) return number ;
end ;
procedure emp_update_ename(v_empno varchar2 ,v_ename varchar2 );
function emp_get_sal(v_empno varchar2 ) return number ;
end ;
2、创建包体
create
or
replace
package body emp_pkg
is
procedure emp_update_ename
(
v_empno varchar2 ,
v_ename varchar2
)
is
vename varchar2 ( 32 );
begin
update emp set ename = v_ename where empno = v_empno;
commit ;
select ename into vename from emp where empno = v_empno;
dbms_output.put_line( ' 雇员名称: ' || vename);
end ;
function emp_get_sal
(
v_empno varchar2
)
return number is
vsal number ( 7 , 2 );
begin
select sal into vsal from emp where empno = v_empno;
return vsal;
end ;
end ;
is
procedure emp_update_ename
(
v_empno varchar2 ,
v_ename varchar2
)
is
vename varchar2 ( 32 );
begin
update emp set ename = v_ename where empno = v_empno;
commit ;
select ename into vename from emp where empno = v_empno;
dbms_output.put_line( ' 雇员名称: ' || vename);
end ;
function emp_get_sal
(
v_empno varchar2
)
return number is
vsal number ( 7 , 2 );
begin
select sal into vsal from emp where empno = v_empno;
return vsal;
end ;
end ;
在此提示,在没有创建包规范就创建包体,会失败,要使用包,必须先创建包规范,然后在创建包体
当要调用包的过程和函数时,在过程和函数的名称前加上包名作为前缀(包名.子程序名称),而如果要访问其他方案的包时需要在包的名称前加上方案的名称
(方案名称.包名.子程序名称)
实例:
SQL
>
var
vsla
number
SQL > call emp_pkg.emp_get_sal( ' 7935 ' ) into :vsal;
Method called
vsal
-- -------
700
SQL > exec emp_pkg.emp_update_ename( ' 7935 ' , ' helong ' );
雇员名称:helong
SQL > call emp_pkg.emp_update_ename( ' 7935 ' , ' helong ' );
Method called
SQL > select * from dual;
DUMMY
-- ---
X
雇员名称:helong
SQL > call emp_pkg.emp_get_sal( ' 7935 ' ) into :vsal;
Method called
vsal
-- -------
700
SQL > exec emp_pkg.emp_update_ename( ' 7935 ' , ' helong ' );
雇员名称:helong
SQL > call emp_pkg.emp_update_ename( ' 7935 ' , ' helong ' );
Method called
SQL > select * from dual;
DUMMY
-- ---
X
雇员名称:helong