主从复制的配置
软件版本
1.双方的MySQL要一致
2.如果不一致：主的要低于从的
从哪儿开始复制：
1.都从0开始
2.主服务器已经运行一段时间，并且存在不小的数据集：把主服务器备份，然后在从服务器恢复，从主服务器上备份处的位置开始复制
配置过程：
主服务器：
1.改server-id
2.启用二进制日志
3.创建有复制权限的账号
grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'uername'@'hostname' identified by 'password'
flush privileges
从服务器：
1.改server-id
2.启用中继日志
relay-log = /mydata/relaylogs/slave-bin
3.连接主服务器
连接主服务器的命令：
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST = '', MASTER_USER='', MASTER_PASSWORD='', MASTER_LOG_FILE='', MASTER_LOG_POS=;
MASTER_HOST = 'host_name' 主服务器地址
MASTER_USER = 'user_name' 以那个用户的身份复制
MASTER_PASSWORD = 'password' 密码
MASTER_LOG_FILE = 'master_log_name' 复制开始文件
MASTER_LOG_POS = master_log_pos 那个节点开始
4.启动复制线程
START SLAVE [thread_types]
START SLAVE [SQL_THREAD] UNTIL
MASTER_LOG_FILE = 'log_name', MASTER_LOG_POS = log_pos
START SLAVE [SQL_THREAD] UNTIL
RELAY_LOG_FILE = 'log_name', RELAY_LOG_POS = log_pos
thread_types:
[thread_type [, thread_type] ... ]
thread_type: IO_THREAD | SQL_THREAD
配置实例：主从复制之从零开始
主服务器
service mysqld stop
vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id = 10
log-bin=/mydata/binlog/master-bin
chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/binlog
service mysqld start
mysql
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'repluser'@'192.168.130.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'replpass';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
从服务器
service mysqld stop
vim /etc/my.cnf
#log-bin=mysql-bin
#binlog_format=mixed
server-id = 20
relay-log = /mydata/binlog/relay-bin
chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/binlog/
service mysqld start
mysql
SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE '%relay%';
连接主服务器
mysql
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST = '192.168.130.61', MASTER_USER='repluser', MASTER_PASSWORD='replpass';
START SLAVE;
主服务创建数据库测试主从复制
CREATE DATABASE testdb;
USE testdb;
CREATE TABLE t1(ID INT);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1),(2);
主服务器
SHOW MASTER STATUS\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: master-bin.000002
Position: 780
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR: No query specified
从服务器
SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.130.61
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 780
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 1080
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 780
Relay_Log_Space: 2102
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 10
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Using_Gtid: No
Gtid_IO_Pos:
Replicate_Do_Domain_Ids:
Replicate_Ignore_Domain_Ids:
Parallel_Mode: conservative
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
配置实例：主从复制之半道复制
主服务器
service mysqld stop
vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id = 10
log-bin=/mydata/binlog/master-bin
chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/binlog
service mysqld start
mysql
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'repluser'@'192.168.130.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'replpass';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
SHOW MASTER STATUS\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: master-bin.000002
Position: 780
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR: No query specified
mysqldump --all-databases --flush-logs --master-data=2 --lock-all-tables > /mydata/backups/all.sql
scp /mydata/backups/all.sql [email protected]:/mydata/backups
从服务器
service mysqld stop
vim /etc/my.cnf
#log-bin=mysql-bin
#binlog_format=mixed
server-id = 20
relay-log = /mydata/binlog/relay-bin
chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/binlog/
service mysqld start
mysql
SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE '%relay%';
mysql < /mydata/backups/all.sql
主服务创建数据库测试主从复制
CREATE DATABASE testdb1;
USE testdb1;
CREATE TABLE t1(ID INT);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1),(2);
连接主服务器
mysql
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST = '192.168.130.61', MASTER_USER='repluser', MASTER_PASSWORD='replpass', MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000002', MASTER_LOG_POS=780;
START SLAVE;
主服务器
SHOW MASTER STATUS\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: master-bin.000003
Position: 828
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR: No query specified
从服务器
SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.130.61
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 828
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000004
Relay_Log_Pos: 1128
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 828
Relay_Log_Space: 1479
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 10
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Using_Gtid: No
Gtid_IO_Pos:
Replicate_Do_Domain_Ids:
Replicate_Ignore_Domain_Ids:
Parallel_Mode: conservative
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
1 row in set (0.00 sec)