【省内训练2018-11-23】Palindrome

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【思路要点】

  • 考虑从两端向中间 d p dp
  • 对于此类匹配问题,考虑建立 A C AC 自动机来描述状态。
  • S S 集合建立 A C AC 自动机 A A ,对 S S 集合中所有串的反串建立 A C AC 自动机 B B
  • d p i , j , k , 0 / 1 dp_{i,j,k,0/1} 表示决策了最终字符串开头和结尾的 i i 个字符,在 A A 上的匹配到的节点为 j j ,在 B B 上的匹配到的节点为 k k ,成功匹配的次数为 0 / 1 0/1 ,显然成功匹配的次数超过 1 1 的状态是没有意义的。
  • 完成决策后,对成功匹配次数为 1 1 的状态检验 j j k k 对应的字符串拼接后是否包含了关键串,忽略包含了关键串的状态,将其余的方案数计入答案。
  • 其时间复杂度看似是 O ( N L 2 2 ) O(NL_2^2) 的,但注意到 j j k k 对应的字符串存在一个前后缀的关系,因此如果我们忽略无法达到的状态,时间复杂度实际上为 O ( N L 1 L 2 ) O(NL_1L_2) ,并且常数很小。

【代码】

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN = 2005;
const int MAXM = MAXN * MAXN;
const int P = 1e9 + 7;
typedef long long ll;
template <typename T> void chkmax(T &x, T y) {x = max(x, y); }
template <typename T> void chkmin(T &x, T y) {x = min(x, y); } 
template <typename T> void read(T &x) {
	x = 0; int f = 1;
	char c = getchar();
	for (; !isdigit(c); c = getchar()) if (c == '-') f = -f;
	for (; isdigit(c); c = getchar()) x = x * 10 + c - '0';
	x *= f;
}
template <typename T> void write(T x) {
	if (x < 0) x = -x, putchar('-');
	if (x > 9) write(x / 10);
	putchar(x % 10 + '0');
}
template <typename T> void writeln(T x) {
	write(x);
	puts("");
}
struct ACAutoMaton {
	struct Node {
		int child[2];
		int fail, type, father; bool key;
	} a[MAXN];
	int root, size;
	void init() {
		root = 0;
		size = 0;
	}
	void insert(char *s, bool flg) {
		int len = strlen(s + 1);
		if (flg) {
			int now = root;
			for (int i = len; i >= 1; i--) {
				int tmp = s[i] - '0';
				if (a[now].child[tmp] == 0) {
					a[now].child[tmp] = ++size;
					a[size].father = now;
				}
				now = a[now].child[tmp];
				a[now].type = tmp;
			}
			a[now].key = true;
		} else {
			int now = root;
			for (int i = 1; i <= len; i++) {
				int tmp = s[i] - '0';
				if (a[now].child[tmp] == 0) {
					a[now].child[tmp] = ++size;
					a[size].father = now;
				}
				now = a[now].child[tmp];
				a[now].type = tmp;
			}
			a[now].key = true;
		}
	}
	void build() {
		static int q[MAXN];
		int l = 0, r = -1;
		for (int i = 0; i <= 1; i++)
			if (a[root].child[i]) {
				q[++r] = a[root].child[i];
				a[q[r]].fail = root;
			} else a[root].child[i] = root;
		while (l <= r) {
			int tmp = q[l++];
			for (int i = 0; i <= 1; i++)
				if (a[tmp].child[i] == 0) a[tmp].child[i] = a[a[tmp].fail].child[i];
				else {
					q[++r] = a[tmp].child[i];
					a[q[r]].fail = a[a[tmp].fail].child[i];
				}
		}
		for (int i = 0; i <= r; i++) {
			int tmp = q[i];
			a[tmp].key |= a[a[tmp].fail].key;
		}
	}
	pair <int, bool> step(int x, int y) {
		x = a[x].child[y];
		if (a[x].key) return make_pair(root, true);
		else return make_pair(x, false);
	}
} ACAM[2];
int n, m;
char s[MAXN][35];
int num[MAXN][MAXN];
int dp[2][MAXM][2];
int timer, x[MAXM], y[MAXM];
int func(int posx, int posy) {
	if (num[posx][posy]) return num[posx][posy];
	num[posx][posy] = ++timer;
	x[timer] = posx, y[timer] = posy;
	return timer;
}
void update(int &x, int y) {
	x += y;
	if (x >= P) x -= P;
}
int main() {
	read(n), read(m);
	ACAM[0].init();
	ACAM[1].init();
	for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
		scanf("\n%s", s[i] + 1);
		ACAM[0].insert(s[i], false);
		ACAM[1].insert(s[i], true);
	}
	ACAM[0].build();
	ACAM[1].build();
	dp[0][func(0, 0)][0] = 1;
	for (int i = 1, from = 0, now = 1; i <= n / 2; i++, swap(from, now)) {
		for (int j = 1; j <= timer; j++)
		for (int k = 0; k <= 1; k++)
			dp[now][j][k] = 0;
		int ttimer = timer;
		for (int j = 1; j <= ttimer; j++)
		for (int k = 0; k <= 1; k++) {
			int px = x[j], py = y[j];
			pair <int, bool> tx, ty;
			tx = ACAM[0].step(px, 0);
			ty = ACAM[1].step(py, 0);
			if (k + tx.second + ty.second <= 1) update(dp[now][func(tx.first, ty.first)][k + tx.second + ty.second], dp[from][j][k]);
			tx = ACAM[0].step(px, 1);
			ty = ACAM[1].step(py, 1);
			if (k + tx.second + ty.second <= 1) update(dp[now][func(tx.first, ty.first)][k + tx.second + ty.second], dp[from][j][k]);
		}
	}
	int now = (n / 2) & 1, ans = 0;
	if (n & 1) {
		for (int i = 1; i <= timer; i++) {
			update(ans, 2 * dp[now][i][0] % P);
			bool flg = true;
			int px = x[i], py = y[i];
			pair <int, bool> tmp = ACAM[0].step(px, 0);
			if (!tmp.second) {
				px = tmp.first;
				while (py != 0) {
					pair <int, bool> tmp = ACAM[0].step(px, ACAM[1].a[py].type); 
					if (tmp.second) {
						flg = false;
						break;
					}
					px = tmp.first;
					py = ACAM[1].a[py].father;
				}
				if (flg) update(ans, dp[now][i][1]);
			}
			
			flg = true;
			px = x[i], py = y[i];
			tmp = ACAM[0].step(px, 1);
			if (!tmp.second) {
				px = tmp.first;
				while (py != 0) {
					pair <int, bool> tmp = ACAM[0].step(px, ACAM[1].a[py].type); 
					if (tmp.second) {
						flg = false;
						break;
					}
					px = tmp.first;
					py = ACAM[1].a[py].father;
				}
				if (flg) update(ans, dp[now][i][1]);
			}
		}
	} else {
		for (int i = 1; i <= timer; i++) {
			update(ans, dp[now][i][0]);
			bool flg = true;
			int px = x[i], py = y[i];
			while (py != 0) {
				pair <int, bool> tmp = ACAM[0].step(px, ACAM[1].a[py].type); 
				if (tmp.second) {
					flg = false;
					break;
				}
				px = tmp.first;
				py = ACAM[1].a[py].father;
			}
			if (flg) update(ans, dp[now][i][1]);
		}
	}
	writeln(ans);
	return 0;
}

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_39972971/article/details/84449776