进击的小白Day002——基于TCP的Socket编程（一）

其他 2018-11-29 09:50:58 阅读次数: 0

这个程序算是这辈子写的第一个完整的程序，不是今天一天写的，之前花了四五天，不到四百行的代码对编程老鸟来说估计是分分钟的事，但我还是挺知足的，毕竟第一次。

真正自己尝试写一个程序之后才发现，之前看的所有的东西都是纸上谈兵，只有自己动手写一个程序，才会理解什么叫编程，从程序设计到程序编写到程序调试到功能优化，很多东西都是书本上学不到的。

这个程序主要实现的功能简单的说就是TCP通信，在通信之上实现双机协同工作，运行环境是windows。

贴代码：

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
#include <windows.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define PORT 8888  /*定义端口*/
#define MAXDATA 1000  /*定义最大传输数量*/
#define T 100

int exe(void)
{
	long i = 100000000L;
	while (i--);
	printf("	This is a program that needs to be executed !\n");
	return 0;
}

int main(void)
{
	/*各种声明定义*/
	SOCKET server;
	SOCKET client;
	struct sockaddr_in serveraddr;
	struct sockaddr_in clientaddr;
	WSADATA wsaData;

	int len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
	int runTime, serverTime_i, clientTime_i, ret_1, ret_cyc, ret_time_server, ret_time_client;
	int dec_1, sign_1, dec_2, sign_2;
	int t = T;
	int con = -1;
	char port;
	char receiveData[MAXDATA];
	char runData[MAXDATA];
	char *readyMessage_server = "I'm ready !\n";
	char *readyMessage_client = "I'm ready too !\n";
	char *runMessage = "Run !\n";
	char serverTime_c[MAXDATA], *serverTime_c_server, clientTime_c[MAXDATA], *clientTime_c_client;
	char waitTime, serverTime_d, clientTime_d;
	clock_t start, end;

	/*选择服务器或客户端*/
	printf("Please choose server of client.\nA.Server	B.Client\n");
	scanf("%c", &port);

	/*服务器*/
	if (port == 'A' || port == 'a')
	{
		/*启动windows的socket服务，初始化WSA*/
		WSAStartup(0x101, &wsaData);

		/*创建服务端，初始化服务器地址*/
		memset((void *)&serveraddr, 0, sizeof(serveraddr));

		/*创建服务器套接字*/
		server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
		if (server == -1)
		{
			printf("Socket error !");
		}

		/*绑定IP和端口*/
		serveraddr.sin_family = AF_INET;  /*定义家族协议*/
		serveraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");  /*定义主机地址*/
		serveraddr.sin_port = htons(PORT);  /*定义主机端口*/
		if (bind(server, (struct sockaddr *)&serveraddr, sizeof(serveraddr)) == -1)  /*绑定成功返回0*/
		{
			printf("Bind error !");
			getchar();
			exit(1);
		}

		/*开始监听*/
		if (listen(server, 20) == -1)
		{
			printf("Listen error !");
			getchar();
			exit(1);
		}

		/*建立连接*/
		printf("Waiting for connection...\n\n");
		client = accept(server, (SOCKADDR *)&clientaddr, &len);
		if (client == -1)
		{
			printf("accept error !");
			getchar();
			exit(1);
		}
		printf("Receive a connection: %s \r\n\n", inet_ntoa(clientaddr.sin_addr));

		/*发送准备信息*/
		if (send(client, readyMessage_server, strlen(readyMessage_server), 0) < 0)
		{
			printf("\n\nSend error or connection interruption !\n");
			getchar();
			exit(1);
		}

		/*接受准备信息*/
		int ret_1 = recv(client, receiveData, MAXDATA, 0);
		if (ret_1 > 0)
		{
			receiveData[ret_1] = 0x00;
			printf("From client %s: %s", inet_ntoa(clientaddr.sin_addr), receiveData);
		}
		/*接收不到客户端数据时中断循环*/
		else
		{
			printf("\n\nReceive error or connection interruption !\n");
			getchar();
			exit(1);
		}

		/*发出运行许可指令*/
		if (strcmp(receiveData, readyMessage_client) == 0)
		{
			;
			if (send(client, runMessage, strlen(runMessage), 0) < 0)
			{
				printf("\n\nSend error or connection interruption !\n");
				getchar();
				exit(1);
			}
		}

		while (1)
		{
			/*运行时间大于周期时间，则直接运行*/
			if (t >= T)
			{
				/*计时开始*/
				start = clock();

				exe();

				/*计时结束*/
				end = clock();

				/*服务端运行用时*/
				serverTime_d = (double)(end - start);

				/*服务端运行用时转字符串*/
				_ecvt(serverTime_d, 10, &dec_1, &sign_1);
				serverTime_c_server = _ecvt(serverTime_d, dec_1, &dec_2, &sign_2);

				printf("Operation time is %s\n\n", serverTime_c_server);

				/*发送服务端运行用时*/
				if (send(client, serverTime_c_server, strlen(serverTime_c_server), 0) < 0)
				{
					printf("\n\nSend error or connection interruption !\n");
					getchar();
					exit(1);
				}

				/*接收客户端运行用时*/
				ret_time_client = recv(client, clientTime_c, MAXDATA, 0);
				if (ret_time_client > 0)
				{
					clientTime_c[ret_time_client] = 0x00;
				}
				else
				{
					printf("\n\nReceive error or connection interruption !\n");
					getchar();
					exit(1);
				}

				/*字符串转整形*/
				serverTime_i = atoi(serverTime_c_server);
				printf("Server's operation time is %d\n", serverTime_i);
				clientTime_i = atoi(clientTime_c);
				printf("Client's operation time is %d\n", clientTime_i);

				/*比较服务端、客户端用时长短*/
				if (serverTime_i >= clientTime_i)
				{
					runTime = serverTime_i;
				}
				else
				{
					runTime = clientTime_i;
				}

				t = runTime;

				printf("The whole system's opration time is %d\n\n", t);

				/*运行总时长小于周期时间，挂起*/
				if (t <= T)
				{
					waitTime = T - t;
					Sleep(waitTime);
					t = T;
				}
			}
		}

		/*客户端关闭，提示连接中断*/
		printf("Connection interruption !\n");
		getchar();
		exit(1);
	}

	/*客户端*/
	else
	{
		/*启动windows的socket服务，初始化WSA*/
		WSAStartup(0x101, &wsaData);

		/*创建服务端，初始化服务器地址*/
		memset((void *)&clientaddr, 0, sizeof(clientaddr));

		/*创建服务器套接字*/
		client = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
		if (client == -1)
		{
			printf("Socket error !");
			getchar();
			exit(1);
		}

		/*绑定IP和端口*/
		clientaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;  /*定义家族协议*/
		clientaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");  /*定义主机地址*/
		clientaddr.sin_port = htons(PORT);  /*定义主机端口*/

		while (1)
		{
			/*连接中断，跳出循环，提示连接中断*/
			if (con == 1)
			{
				break;
			}

			/*启动程序时循环连接服务端*/
			while (con == -1)
			{
				con = connect(client, (struct sockaddr *)&clientaddr, sizeof(clientaddr));
				if (con == -1)
				{
					printf("Connection error !\n");
				}
			}

			/*接收准备信息*/
			ret_1 = recv(client, receiveData, MAXDATA, 0);
			if (ret_1 > 0)
			{
				receiveData[ret_1] = 0x00;
				printf("From server: %s", receiveData);
			}
			/*接受不到客户端数据时中断循环*/
			else
			{
				printf("\n\nReceive error or connection interruption !\n");
				getchar();
				exit(1);
			}

			/*发送准备信息*/
			if (send(client, readyMessage_client, strlen(readyMessage_client), 0) < 0)
			{
				printf("\n\nSend error or connection interruption !\n");
				getchar();
				exit(1);
			}

			/*接收运行许可指令*/
			ret_cyc = recv(client, runData, MAXDATA, 0);
			if (ret_cyc > 0)
			{
				runData[ret_cyc] = 0x00;
				printf(runData);
			}
			/*接收不到服务端数据时中断循环*/
			else
			{
				printf("\n\nReceive error or connection interruption !\n");
				getchar();
				exit(1);
			}

			/*检验运行许可指令并开始执行*/
			if (strcmp(runData, runMessage) == 0)
			{
				while (con == 0)
				{
					if (t >= T)
					{
						/*计时开始*/
						start = clock();

						exe();

						/*计时结束*/
						end = clock();

						/*客户端运行用时*/
						clientTime_d = (double)(end - start);

						/*服务端运行用时转字符串*/
						_ecvt(clientTime_d, 10, &dec_1, &sign_1);
						clientTime_c_client = _ecvt(clientTime_d, dec_1, &dec_2, &sign_2);

						printf("Operation time is %s\n\n", clientTime_c_client);

						/*发送服务端运行用时*/
						if (send(client, clientTime_c_client, strlen(clientTime_c_client), 0) < 0)
						{
							printf("\n\nSend error or connection interruption !\n");
							getchar();
							exit(1);
						}

						/*接收客户端运行用时*/
						ret_time_server = recv(client, serverTime_c, MAXDATA, 0);
						if (ret_time_server > 0)
						{
							serverTime_c[ret_time_server] = 0x00;
						}
						else
						{
							printf("\n\nReceive error or connection interruption !\n");
							getchar();
							exit(1);
						}

						/*字符串转整形*/
						serverTime_i = atoi(serverTime_c);
						printf("Server's operation time is %d\n", serverTime_i);
						clientTime_i = atoi(clientTime_c_client);
						printf("Client's operation time is %d\n", clientTime_i);

						/*比较服务端、客户端用时长短*/
						if (serverTime_i >= clientTime_i)
						{
							runTime = serverTime_i;
						}
						else
						{
							runTime = clientTime_i;
						}

						t = runTime;

						printf("The whole system's opration time is %d\n\n", t);

						/*运行总时长小于周期时间，挂起*/
						if (t <= T)
						{
							waitTime = T - t;
							Sleep(waitTime);
							t = T;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
		
		/*客户端关闭，提示连接中断*/
		printf("Connection interruption !\n");
		getchar();
		exit(1);
	}

	return 0;
}

因为是写了很多天的一个程序了，功能基本能想到的都优化过了，学到的东西真的很多，大概列一列吧：

  1. Socket编程的思路，其中各个函数的含义
  2. 数据传输的阻塞和非阻塞
  3. 数据存储的大小端（字节序）
  4. char *a和char a[]的区别
  5. VS到底该怎么用
  6. 其实还有很多，这些只是我暂时能想到的

其实今天是偷懒了，本来想把昨天的计算器程序完善一下的，但因为工作需要，就先这个程序收了个尾，不过加的代码应该超过百行了，明天继续，希望自己可以坚持。

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