Python爬虫-Proxy代理的使用

 1 '''
 2 构建代理集群/队列
 3 每次访问服务器，随机抽取一个代理
 4 抽取可以使用 random.choice
 5 
 6 分析步骤：
 7 1. 构建代理群
 8 2. 每次访问，随机选取代理并执行
 9 '''
10 
11 
12 from urllib import request, error
13 
14 
15 # 使用代理步骤
16 # 1. 设置代理地址
17 proxy_list = [
18     # 列表中存放的是dict类型的元素
19     {"http": "101.50.1.2:80"},
20     {"http": "58.240.172.110:3128"},
21     {"http": "124.193.51.249:3128"},
22     {"http": "120.199.64.163:8081"}
23 ]
24 
25 # 2. 创建ProxyHandler
26 proxy_handler_list = []
27 for proxy in proxy_list:
28     proxy_handler = request.ProxyHandler(proxy)
29     proxy_handler_list.append(proxy_handler)
30 # 3. 创建Opener
31 opener_list = []
32 for proxy_handler in proxy_handler_list:
33     opener = request.build_opener(proxy_handler)
34     opener_list.append(opener)
35 
36 import random
37 
38 url = "http://www.baidu.com"
39 # 现在如果访问url，则使用代理服务器
40 try:
41     # 4. 安装Opener
42     opener = random.choice(opener_list)
43     request.install_opener( opener)
44 
45     rsp = request.urlopen(url)
46     html = rsp.read().decode()
47     print(html)
48 except error.URLError as e:
49     print(e)
50 except Exception as e:
51     print(e)