OpenGL ES(18): 核心:自定义EGL环境

1.简介


EGL:
是OpenGL ES和本地窗口系统的接口,不同平台上EGL配置是不一样的,而
OpenGL的调用方式是一致的,就是说:OpenGL跨平台就是依赖于EGL接口。

为什么要自己创建EGL环境?
当我们需要把同一个场景渲染到不同的Surface上时,此时系统GLSurfaceView
就不能满足需求了,所以我们需要自己创建EGL环境来实现渲染操作。

注意:OpenGL整体是一个状态机,通过改变状态就能改变后续的渲染方式,而
EGLContext(EgL上下文)就保存有所有状态,因此可以通过共享EGLContext
来实现同一场景渲染到不同的Surface上。

步骤:

1、得到Egl实例:

mEgl = (EGL10) EGLContext.getEGL();

2、得到默认的显示设备(就是窗口)

mEglDisplay = mEgl.eglGetDisplay(EGL10.EGL_DEFAULT_DISPLAY);
        if (mEglDisplay == EGL10.EGL_NO_DISPLAY){
            throw new RuntimeException("eglGetDisplay failed");
        }

3、初始化默认显示设备

int[] version = new int[2];
        if (!mEgl.eglInitialize(mEglDisplay,version)){
            throw new RuntimeException("eglInitialize failed");
        }

//version中存放EGL 版本号,int[0]为主版本号,int[1]为子版本号

4、设置显示设备的属性,根据设置的属性寻找相匹配的配置的个数

int[] attrbutes = new int[]{
                EGL10.EGL_RED_SIZE,8,
                EGL10.EGL_GREEN_SIZE,8,
                EGL10.EGL_BLUE_SIZE,8,
                EGL10.EGL_ALPHA_SIZE,8,
                EGL10.EGL_DEPTH_SIZE,8,
                EGL10.EGL_STENCIL_SIZE,8,
                EGL10.EGL_RENDERABLE_TYPE,4,
                EGL10.EGL_NONE
        };
        int[] num_config = new int[1];
        if (!mEgl.eglChooseConfig(mEglDisplay,attrbutes,null,1,num_config)){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("eglChooseConfig failes");
        }
int numConfigs = num_config[0];
        if (numConfigs <= 0){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No configs match configSpec");
        }

//eglChooseConfig()参数解释:
//null,1  表示找到了配置不存放,表示只找一个匹配的配置就行了
//num_config[0] 用于存放匹配的配置的个数,如果连一个也找不到,那就是没有。


5、从系统中获取对应属性的配置,(如果对应的配置数大于0)

EGLConfig[] configs = new EGLConfig[numConfigs];
        if (!mEgl.eglChooseConfig(mEglDisplay,attrbutes,configs,numConfigs,num_config)){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("eglChooseConfig get failed");
        }

//这里用EGLConfig[] 存放相匹配的配置


6、创建EglContext

                                                        ※ 需要用EGLDisPlay和对应的配置外加eglContext 来 创建EGLContext

 if (eglContext != null){
            mEglContext = mEgl.eglCreateContext(mEglDisplay,configs[0],eglContext,null);
        }else {
            mEglContext = mEgl.eglCreateContext(mEglDisplay,configs[0],EGL10.EGL_NO_CONTEXT,null);
        }

//eglCreateContext()参数解释:
//由于传入的 eglContext == null ,所以需要传入 EGL10.EGL_NO_CONTEXT
//如果传入的 eglContext != null ,就传入 eglContext


7、创建渲染的Surface

                                                        ※ 需要用EGLDisPlay和对应的配置外加surface 来 创建EGLSurface

                                                            surface可以由SurfaceView的SurfaceHolder来得到。

 mEglSurface = mEgl.eglCreateWindowSurface(mEglDisplay,configs[0],surface,null);


8、绑定EglContext和Surface到显示设备中

if (!mEgl.eglMakeCurrent(mEglDisplay,mEglSurface,mEglSurface,mEglContext)){
            throw new RuntimeException("eglMakeCurrent fail");
        }


9、刷新数据,显示渲染场景

if (mEgl != null){
            return mEgl.eglSwapBuffers(mEglDisplay,mEglSurface);
        }else {
            throw new RuntimeException("egl is null");
        }

GLSurfaceView源码中三个重要的类的分析:之后的自定义都是借鉴源码

GLThread:OpenGL ES的运行线程。包含创建EGL环境、调用GLRender的onSurfaceCreated、onSurfaceChanged和onDrawFrame方法以及生命周期的管理。绘制需要在线程中。

EglHelper:负责创建EGL环境。

GLSurfaceView:负责提供Surface和状态改变。

2.自定义EglHelper 示例代码如下


EglHelper.java


import android.view.Surface;
import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGL10;
import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig;
import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLContext;
import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLDisplay;
import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLSurface;

public class EglHelper {
    private EGL10 mEgl;
    private EGLDisplay mEglDisplay;
    private EGLContext mEglContext;
    private EGLSurface mEglSurface;

    public void initEgl(Surface surface , EGLContext eglContext){
        mEgl = (EGL10) EGLContext.getEGL();

        mEglDisplay = mEgl.eglGetDisplay(EGL10.EGL_DEFAULT_DISPLAY);
        if (mEglDisplay == EGL10.EGL_NO_DISPLAY){
            throw new RuntimeException("eglGetDisplay failed");
        }

        int[] version = new int[2];
        if (!mEgl.eglInitialize(mEglDisplay,version)){
            throw new RuntimeException("eglInitialize failed");
        }

        int[] attrbutes = new int[]{
                EGL10.EGL_RED_SIZE,8,
                EGL10.EGL_GREEN_SIZE,8,
                EGL10.EGL_BLUE_SIZE,8,
                EGL10.EGL_ALPHA_SIZE,8,
                EGL10.EGL_DEPTH_SIZE,8,
                EGL10.EGL_STENCIL_SIZE,8,
                EGL10.EGL_RENDERABLE_TYPE,4,
                EGL10.EGL_NONE
        };
        int[] num_config = new int[1];
        if (!mEgl.eglChooseConfig(mEglDisplay,attrbutes,null,1,num_config)){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("eglChooseConfig failes");
        }
        int numConfigs = num_config[0];
        if (numConfigs <= 0){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No configs match configSpec");
        }

        EGLConfig[] configs = new EGLConfig[numConfigs];
        if (!mEgl.eglChooseConfig(mEglDisplay,attrbutes,configs,numConfigs,num_config)){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("eglChooseConfig get failed");
        }

        if (eglContext != null){
            mEglContext = mEgl.eglCreateContext(mEglDisplay,configs[0],eglContext,null);
        }else {
            mEglContext = mEgl.eglCreateContext(mEglDisplay,configs[0],EGL10.EGL_NO_CONTEXT,null);
        }

        mEglSurface = mEgl.eglCreateWindowSurface(mEglDisplay,configs[0],surface,null);

        if (!mEgl.eglMakeCurrent(mEglDisplay,mEglSurface,mEglSurface,mEglContext)){
            throw new RuntimeException("eglMakeCurrent fail");
        }
    }

    public EGLContext getmEglContext(){
        return mEglContext;
    }

    public boolean swapBuffers(){
        if (mEgl != null){
            return mEgl.eglSwapBuffers(mEglDisplay,mEglSurface);
        }else {
            throw new RuntimeException("egl is null");
        }
    }

    public void destoryEgl(){
        if (mEgl != null){
            mEgl.eglMakeCurrent(mEglDisplay,
                    EGL10.EGL_NO_SURFACE,
                    EGL10.EGL_NO_SURFACE,
                    EGL10.EGL_NO_CONTEXT
                    );
            mEgl.eglDestroySurface(mEglDisplay,mEglSurface);
            mEglSurface = null;
            mEgl.eglDestroyContext(mEglDisplay,mEglContext);
            mEglContext = null;
            mEgl.eglTerminate(mEglDisplay);
            mEglDisplay = null;
            mEgl = null;
        }
    }

}

使用自定义的EGL环境如下:


import android.opengl.GLES20;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private SurfaceView surfaceView;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        surfaceView = (SurfaceView) findViewById(R.id.mysurfaceView);

        surfaceView.getHolder().addCallback(new SurfaceHolder.Callback() {
            @Override
            public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {

            }

            @Override
            public void surfaceChanged(final SurfaceHolder holder, int format, final int width, final int height) {

                new Thread(){
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        super.run();
                        //创建EGL环境
                        EglHelper eglHelper = new EglHelper();
                        eglHelper.initEgl(holder.getSurface(), null);

                        while(true)
                        {
                            GLES20.glViewport(0, 0, width, height);

                            GLES20.glClear(GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
                            GLES20.glClearColor(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
                            eglHelper.swapBuffers();

                            try {
                                Thread.sleep(16);
                            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }.start();


            }

            @Override
            public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
                //egl.destroy
            }
        });


    }
}

效果:


 

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_38261174/article/details/84102154