SQL SERVER 测试题

测试题

Student表的定义

字段名	字段描述	数据类型	主键	外键	非空	唯一	自增
id	学号	Int	√		√	√
name	姓名	Varchar(20)			√
sex	性别	Varchar(4)
birth	出生日期	date
department	院系	Varchar(20)			√
address	家庭住址	Varchar(50)

Score表的定义

字段名	字段描述	数据类型	主键	外键	非空	唯一	自增
id	编号	Int	√		√	√
stu_id	学号	Int			√
c_name	课程名	Varchar(20)
grade	分数	Int

系统初始了以下脚本数据

向student表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：

INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男','1985-05-11','计算机系', '北京市海淀区');

INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男','1986-05-11','中文系', '北京市昌平区');

INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女','1990-05-11','中文系', '湖南省永州市');

INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男','1990-05-11','英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');

INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女','1991-05-11','英语系', '福建省厦门市');

INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男','1988-05-11','计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');

向score表插入记录的INSERT语句如下:

INSERT INTO score VALUES(1,901, '计算机',98);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(2,901, '英语', 80);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(3,902, '计算机',65);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(4,902, '中文',88);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(5,903, '中文',95);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(6,904, '计算机',70);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(7,904, '英语',92);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(8,905, '英语',94);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(9,906, '计算机',90);

INSERT INTO score VALUES(10,906, '英语',85);

试题

1、创建student和score表语句

CREATE TABLE student(
    id              INT PRIMARY KEY Identity(1,1),
    name            VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    sex             VARCHAR(4),
    birth           DATE,
    department      VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    address         VARCHAR(50)
);
CREATE TABLE score(
    id        INT PRIMARY KEY Identity(1,1),
    stu_id    INT NOT NULL,
    c_name    VARCHAR(20),
    grade     INT
);

2、查询student表的所有记录

SELECT * FROM student;

3、查询student表的第2条到4条记录

select top (2) id from student
where id not in (
select top 1 id from student
)

4、从student表查询所有学生的学号（id）、姓名（name）和院系（department）的信息

SELECT id AS '学号',name AS '姓名',department AS '院系' FROM student;

5、从student表中查询计算机系和英语系的学生的信息（用 IN 关键字）

SELECT * FROM student WHERE department IN ('计算机系','英语系');

6、从student表中查询出生年份在1990到1995之间的学生信息（用 BETWEEN AND）

SELECT * FROM student WHERE YEAR(birth) BETWEEN 1990 AND 1995;

7、从student表中查询每个院系有多少人

SELECT department AS '院系',COUNT(*) AS '该院人数' FROM student GROUP BY department;

8、从score表中查询每个科目的最高分

SELECT c_name AS '科目名称',MAX(grade) AS '最高分' FROM score GROUP BY c_name;

9、查询李四的考试科目（c_name）和考试成绩（grade）

SELECT s.name AS '姓名',c.c_name AS '课程名称',c.grade AS '课程分数' 
FROM score AS c LEFT JOIN student AS s ON c.stu_id = s.id
WHERE s.name = '李四';

10、用连接的方式查询所有学生的信息和考试信息

SELECT * FROM score AS c LEFT JOIN student AS s ON c.stu_id = s.id;

11、计算每个学生的总成绩

SELECT s.name AS '姓名',SUM(c.grade) AS '总成绩' FROM score AS c
LEFT JOIN student AS s ON c.stu_id = s.id GROUP BY s.name;

12、计算每个考试科目的平均成绩

SELECT c_name AS '课程名称',AVG(grade) AS '平均成绩' FROM score GROUP BY c_name;

13、查询计算机成绩低于95的学生信息

-- 第一种
SELECT s.* FROM score AS c LEFT JOIN student AS s ON c.stu_id = s.id
WHERE c.c_name = '计算机' AND c.grade < 95;

-- 第二种
SELECT * FROM student WHERE id IN (SELECT stu_id FROM score WHERE c_name = '计算机' AND grade < 95);

14、查询同时参加计算机和英语考试的学生的信息

-- 第一种
SELECT * FROM student WHERE id IN 
(SELECT stu_id FROM score WHERE c_name = '计算机' OR c_name = '英语' GROUP BY stu_id HAVING COUNT(*) = 2);

-- 第二种
SELECT * FROM student WHERE id IN
(SELECT stu_id FROM score WHERE stu_id IN(SELECT stu_id FROM score WHERE c_name = '计算机') AND c_name = '英语');

-- 第三种
SELECT s.* FROM student AS s, score AS b ,score AS c WHERE s.id = b.stu_id AND b.c_name = '计算机' AND s.id = c.stu_id AND c.c_name = '英语';

15、将计算机考试成绩按从高到低进行排序

SELECT grade AS '计算机考试成绩' FROM score WHERE c_name = '计算机' ORDER BY grade DESC;

16、从student表和score表中查询出学生的学号，然后合并查询结果

SELECT id AS '学号' FROM student
UNION
SELECT DISTINCT stu_id AS '学号' FROM score;

17、查询姓张或者姓王的同学的姓名、院系和考试科目及成绩

SELECT s.name AS '姓名',s.department AS '院系',c.c_name AS '考试科目',c.grade AS '成绩'
FROM score AS c LEFT JOIN student AS s ON c.stu_id = s.id
WHERE s.name LIKE '张%' OR s.name LIKE '王%';

18、查询都是湖南的学生的姓名、年龄、院系和考试科目及成绩

SELECT s.name AS '姓名',s.birth AS '出生日期',s.department AS '院系',c.c_name AS '考试科目',c.grade AS '成绩'
FROM score AS c LEFT JOIN student AS s ON c.stu_id = s.id
WHERE s.address LIKE '湖南%';

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