docker 安装 MySQL 8.0

1.查找镜像

查找Docker Hub上的mysql镜像

X230:~$ docker search mysql
NAME                            DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL    AUTOMATED
mysql                           MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   7904      [OK]
mariadb                         MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS…   2632      [OK]
mysql/mysql-server              Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create…   595                   [OK]
zabbix/zabbix-server-mysql      Zabbix Server with MySQL database support       173                   [OK]

2.pull镜像

拉取官方镜像文件:

X230:~$ docker pull mysql:8.0

查看镜像文件:

X230:~$ docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mysql               8.0                 91dadee7afee        6 days ago          477MB

3.使用镜像

创建目录：

X230:~$ mkdir -p ~/Project/Docker/mysql/data ~/Project/Docker/mysql/log ~/Project/Docker/mysql/conf
X230:~$ cd ~/Project/Docker/mysql/
X230:~/Project/Docker/mysql$ ls
conf  data  log

运行容器：

X230:~/Project/Docker/mysql$ docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql8 -v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v $PWD/logs:/logs -v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=1234 -d mysql:8.0

命令说明：

• -p 3306:3306：将容器的 3306 端口映射到主机的 3306 端口。
• -v -v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d：将主机当前目录下的 conf/my.cnf 挂载到容器的 /etc/mysql/my.cnf。
• -v $PWD/logs:/logs：将主机当前目录下的 logs 目录挂载到容器的 /logs。
• -v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql ：将主机当前目录下的data目录挂载到容器的 /var/lib/mysql 。
• -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：初始化 root 用户的密码。

查看容器启动状态

$ docker container ls
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                               NAMES
7f65a9dd48af        mysql:8.0           "docker-entrypoint.s…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   mysql8

测试连接数据库：

X230:~/Project/Docker/mysql$ mysql -h127.0.0.1 -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.15 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

进入容器

X230:~/Project/Docker/mysql$ docker exec -it mysql8 /bin/bash
root@7f65a9dd48af:/#

启动/停止容器

启用：

docker start mysql8

停止:

docker stop mysql8

删除容器与镜像

删除容器：

docker rm mysql8

删除镜像：

docker rmi mysql:8.0