基本原理

spring security通过一系列filter来对请求进行拦截

网上一个比较好的图
在这里插入图片描述
由于是一个filterChain，因此如果我在FilterSecrutiyInterceptor，即最后一个过滤器上打断点，一定能够通过debug的方式来得到整个过滤器链条
在最后一个filter.doFilter方法上打一个断点，

得到整个filterChain，进一步验证了上面图的正确性。

但是这些filter是什么时候添加进去的呢？从security-start的自动配置类开始分析

security-start 自动配置原理

1. SecurityAutoConfiguration类中导入了SpringBootWebSecurityConfiguration

@Import({ SpringBootWebSecurityConfiguration.class,
		AuthenticationManagerConfiguration.class,
		BootGlobalAuthenticationConfiguration.class, SecurityDataConfiguration.class })
public class SecurityAutoConfiguration {

2.SpringBootWebSecurityConfiguration中加了@EnableWebSecurity

@EnableWebSecurity
public class SpringBootWebSecurityConfiguration {

3.EnableWebSecurity注解中导入了WebSecurityConfiguration类

@Import({ WebSecurityConfiguration.class,
		SpringWebMvcImportSelector.class })
@EnableGlobalAuthentication
@Configuration
public @interface EnableWebSecurity {

FilterChain的构造过程

1. WebSecurityConfiguration

这是配置类的入口类

1.1 setFilterChainProxySecurityConfigurer

@Autowired(required = false)
	public void setFilterChainProxySecurityConfigurer(
			ObjectPostProcessor<Object> objectPostProcessor,
			
			@Value("#{@autowiredWebSecurityConfigurersIgnoreParents.getWebSecurityConfigurers()}") List<SecurityConfigurer<Filter, WebSecurity>> webSecurityConfigurers)
			throws Exception {
		webSecurity = objectPostProcessor
				.postProcess(new WebSecurity(objectPostProcessor));
		
		Collections.sort(webSecurityConfigurers, AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);

		Integer previousOrder = null;
		Object previousConfig = null;
		for (SecurityConfigurer<Filter, WebSecurity> config : webSecurityConfigurers) {
			Integer order = AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.lookupOrder(config);
			if (previousOrder != null && previousOrder.equals(order)) {
				throw new IllegalStateException(
						"@Order on WebSecurityConfigurers must be unique. Order of "
								+ order + " was already used on " + previousConfig + ", so it cannot be used on "
								+ config + " too.");
			}
			previousOrder = order;
			previousConfig = config;
		}
		for (SecurityConfigurer<Filter, WebSecurity> webSecurityConfigurer : webSecurityConfigurers) {
			webSecurity.apply(webSecurityConfigurer);
		}
		this.webSecurityConfigurers = webSecurityConfigurers;
	}

这个类的主要作用

1.1.1 构建WebSecurity对象

1.1.2 获得security相关的配置

通过这个调用BeanFactory中Bean的名字为autowiredWebSecurityConfigurersIgnoreParents的getWebSecurityConfigurers方法得到webSecurityConfigurers，并把这些配置加入到webSecurity对象中
通过debug可以看到有4个，
1. 自己定义的安全相关配置类
BrowserSecurityConfig

security starter autoconfigure 自动注入的
SpringBootWebSecurityConfiguration$IgnoredPathsWebSecurityConfigurerAdapter
SpringBootWebSecurityConfiguration$ApplicationWebSecurityConfigurerAdapter

用于管理的，暂时没看到在哪个地方注入的
ManagementWebSecurityAutoConfiguration$ManagementWebSecurityConfigurerAdapter

1.2 调用springSecurityFilterChain方法来生成FiterChain

这个方法是个模板方法，定义了整个生成的骨架

@Override
	protected final O doBuild() throws Exception {
		synchronized (configurers) {
			buildState = BuildState.INITIALIZING;
			beforeInit();
			//1.init，调用上面每个webSecurityConfigurers的init
			init();
			buildState = BuildState.CONFIGURING;
//2. 设置AuthenticationManager
			beforeConfigure();
			//3. 调用上面每个webSecurityConfigurers的configure方法
			configure();
			buildState = BuildState.BUILDING;
//4.生成filterChain
			O result = performBuild();
			buildState = BuildState.BUILT;
			return result;
		}
	}

WebSecurity UML类图

webSecurity.build()

应用的设计思想分析:

模板方法模式:
公共的配置如init(),configure()抽象到父类,
把需要具体对象实现的放到了子类实现.
如beforeInit(),beforeConfigure();performBuild做为抽象方法,需要具体的对象去实现.
泛型与策略模式的灵活运用
虽然init(),confiure()是公共的方法,但是针对不同类型的操作是不一样的,

for (SecurityConfigurer<O, B> configurer : configurers) {
			configurer.init((B) this);
		}

这样定义传入一个this,如果是http,就会传入httpsecurity的参数,如果是web就传入websecurity类型的参数,有点类似于策略模式

如何生成具体的filterChain,当然这是调用的是WebSecurity的方法,

	protected Filter performBuild() throws Exception {
		...
		int chainSize = ignoredRequests.size() + securityFilterChainBuilders.size();
		List<SecurityFilterChain> securityFilterChains = new ArrayList<SecurityFilterChain>(
				chainSize);
				//1.首先添加不需要认证的url过滤器，这里面的url是静态资源文件目录
		for (RequestMatcher ignoredRequest : ignoredRequests) {
			securityFilterChains.add(new DefaultSecurityFilterChain(ignoredRequest));
		}
		//2.添加需要经过安全认证的过滤器
		for (SecurityBuilder<? extends SecurityFilterChain> securityFilterChainBuilder : securityFilterChainBuilders) {
			securityFilterChains.add(securityFilterChainBuilder.build());
		}
		//3.生成过滤器的代理
		FilterChainProxy filterChainProxy = new FilterChainProxy(securityFilterChains);
		if (httpFirewall != null) {
			filterChainProxy.setFirewall(httpFirewall);
		}
		filterChainProxy.afterPropertiesSet();

		Filter result = filterChainProxy;
		//4.真正的build方法执行
		postBuildAction.run();
		return result;
	}

上面的关键点是securityFilterChainBuilder.build()这个方法,securityFilterChainBuilder是SecurityBuilder类型的实例,从上面的类图来看,httpsecurity也是这个接口的实例,实际上这个就是init()方法中创建的httpsecurity对象

上面的分析是大概的整体flow，现拿一个做为例子：

BrowserSecurityConfig如何生成过滤器链

WebSecurity.build()->AbstractConfiguredSecurityBuilder#doBuild.build
BrowserSecurityConfig.init->beforeConfigure->configure->performBuild->postBuildAction.run();

1.init

这里使用的是模板方法设计模式

	public void init(final WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
		final HttpSecurity http = getHttp();
		web.addSecurityFilterChainBuilder(http).postBuildAction(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				FilterSecurityInterceptor securityInterceptor = http
						.getSharedObject(FilterSecurityInterceptor.class);
				web.securityInterceptor(securityInterceptor);
			}
		});
	}

gethttp()->to create the http object and set the default param

@SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes", "unchecked" })
	protected final HttpSecurity getHttp() throws Exception {
		if (http != null) {
			return http;
		}
//设置后置处理器？
		DefaultAuthenticationEventPublisher eventPublisher = objectPostProcessor
				.postProcess(new DefaultAuthenticationEventPublisher());
		localConfigureAuthenticationBldr.authenticationEventPublisher(eventPublisher);
//获得AuthenticationManager 
		AuthenticationManager authenticationManager = authenticationManager();
		authenticationBuilder.parentAuthenticationManager(authenticationManager);
		Map<Class<? extends Object>, Object> sharedObjects = createSharedObjects();

		http = new HttpSecurity(objectPostProcessor, authenticationBuilder,
				sharedObjects);
		if (!disableDefaults) {
			// @formatter:off
			//添加一系列filter的默认配置
			http
				.csrf().and()
				.addFilter(new WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter())
				.exceptionHandling().and()
				.headers().and()
				.sessionManagement().and()
				.securityContext().and()
				.requestCache().and()
				.anonymous().and()
				.servletApi().and()
				.apply(new DefaultLoginPageConfigurer<HttpSecurity>()).and()
				.logout();
			// @formatter:on
			ClassLoader classLoader = this.context.getClassLoader();
			List<AbstractHttpConfigurer> defaultHttpConfigurers =
					SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactories(AbstractHttpConfigurer.class, classLoader);

			for(AbstractHttpConfigurer configurer : defaultHttpConfigurers) {
				http.apply(configurer);
			}
		}
		//增加用户自定义的配置，重写这个方法，就会对上面的security chain进行添加或修改
		configure(http);
		return http;
	}

关于泛型的声明

//声明
public abstract class AbstractHttpConfigurer<T extends AbstractHttpConfigurer<T, B>, B extends HttpSecurityBuilder<B>>
		extends SecurityConfigurerAdapter<DefaultSecurityFilterChain, B> {
//实例
public final class AnonymousConfigurer<H extends HttpSecurityBuilder<H>> extends
		AbstractHttpConfigurer<AnonymousConfigurer<H>, H> {
public final class CsrfConfigurer<H extends HttpSecurityBuilder<H>>
		extends AbstractHttpConfigurer<CsrfConfigurer<H>, H> {
public abstract class AbstractAuthenticationFilterConfigurer<B extends HttpSecurityBuilder<B>, T extends AbstractAuthenticationFilterConfigurer<B, T, F>, F extends AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter>
		extends AbstractHttpConfigurer<T, B> {

performBuild

protected Filter performBuild() throws Exception {
		...
		int chainSize = ignoredRequests.size() + securityFilterChainBuilders.size();
		List<SecurityFilterChain> securityFilterChains = new ArrayList<SecurityFilterChain>(
				chainSize);
				//1.首先添加不需要认证的url过滤器，这里面的url是静态资源文件目录
		for (RequestMatcher ignoredRequest : ignoredRequests) {
			securityFilterChains.add(new DefaultSecurityFilterChain(ignoredRequest));
		}
		//2.添加需要经过安全认证的过滤器
		for (SecurityBuilder<? extends SecurityFilterChain> securityFilterChainBuilder : securityFilterChainBuilders) {
			securityFilterChains.add(securityFilterChainBuilder.build());
		}
		//3.生成过滤器的代理
		FilterChainProxy filterChainProxy = new FilterChainProxy(securityFilterChains);
		if (httpFirewall != null) {
			filterChainProxy.setFirewall(httpFirewall);
		}
		filterChainProxy.afterPropertiesSet();

		Filter result = filterChainProxy;
		//4.真正的build方法执行
		postBuildAction.run();
		return result;
	}

需要拿到所有的securityFilterChainBuilder，即init中创建的httpSecurity对象，然后进行生成
![(https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190331102613187.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L21pbmd0aWFuZGV4aWE=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
可以看到这里有三个securityFilterChainBuilder，每个securityFilterChainBuilder里面包含configures,sharedObjects等对象
securityFilterChainBuilder.build就是根据这些配置文件来生成filter的，再次调用AbstractConfiguredSecurityBuilder#doBuild如果

整理

WebSecurityConfiguration#springSecurityFilterChain
- WebSecurity#build()
  - AbstractSecurityBuilder#build()->dobuild()
    - AbstractConfiguredSecurityBuilder#doBuild
      - init()
        遍历所有的configurer，调用init方法
      - beforeConfigure()
        抽象方法，调用WebSecurity.beforeConfirue()
      - configure()
        遍历所有的configure，调用configure()方法
      - performBuild
        抽象方法，调用WebSecurity.performBuild()

上面的流程，第2步与第4步调用WebSecurity这个类的方法，因此最大的变化在第1，3步，里面

BrowserSecurityConfig
//security starter autoconfigure 自动注入的
SpringBootWebSecurityConfiguration $IgnoredPathsWebSecurityConfigurerAdapter SpringBootWebSecurityConfiguration$ ApplicationWebSecurityConfigurerAdapter
//用于管理的，暂时没看到在哪个地方注入的
ManagementWebSecurityAutoConfiguration $ManagementWebSecurityConfigurerAdapter //security starter autoconfigure 自动注入的 SpringBootWebSecurityConfiguration$ IgnoredPathsWebSecurityConfigurerAdapter
SpringBootWebSecurityConfiguration $ApplicationWebSecurityConfigurerAdapter //用于管理的，暂时没看到在哪个地方注入的 ManagementWebSecurityAutoConfiguration$ ManagementWebSecurityConfigurerAdapter

public void init(final WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
		final HttpSecurity http = getHttp();
		web.addSecurityFilterChainBuilder(http).postBuildAction(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				FilterSecurityInterceptor securityInterceptor = http
						.getSharedObject(FilterSecurityInterceptor.class);
				web.securityInterceptor(securityInterceptor);
			}
		});
	}

这里最主要的是getHttp这个方法，查看这个方法，发现构建了http请求，并且最后也调用了configure(http)来配置http
也就是说如果我们自定义的类重写了这个方法，那么就用的是我们自定义的。
Q:如果这里也调用了configure方法，那么上面那第三步的config方法是不是就没有必要调用了？是我自己理解有误吗？
A:的确是理解有误，所有的构建在init中即第1步已经完成了，第3步中的configure，

private void configure() throws Exception {
		Collection<SecurityConfigurer<O, B>> configurers = getConfigurers();

		for (SecurityConfigurer<O, B> configurer : configurers) {
			configurer.configure((B) this);
		}
	}

可以看到这里参数是泛型B，传递的是this对象，由开始知道，我们调用的是WebSecurity，而不是HttpSecurity对象，
因此这里调用的下面这个方法，其实是个空方法（以前以为configure(HttpSecurity http)）,

public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
	}

Q:按这个逻辑，最后执行performBuild，来构建整个filter链，没啥问题，
问题是这个方法中会调用

for (SecurityBuilder<? extends SecurityFilterChain> securityFilterChainBuilder : securityFilterChainBuilders) {
			securityFilterChains.add(securityFilterChainBuilder.build());
		}

再次掉入了这个创建的循环中

A: AbstractConfiguredSecurityBuilder#configure
并未进入循环，这里的getConfigurres为null

最后一步的performBuild，调用的也是authenticationManagerBuilder#performBuild，并不是前面的performBuild

如果当前对象是httpSecurity，则调用所有configure方法，生成对应的filterchain

Q:哪里生成SecurityBuilder？

A:WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter#init方法中添加了，这里即HttpSecurity这个对象

public void init(final WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
		final HttpSecurity http = getHttp();
		web.addSecurityFilterChainBuilder(http).postBuildAction(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				FilterSecurityInterceptor securityInterceptor = http
						.getSharedObject(FilterSecurityInterceptor.class);
				web.securityInterceptor(securityInterceptor);
			}
		});
	}

SpringSecurity 源码分析之SecurityFilterchain的构建