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zuul的主要功能有2大类,一类是路由转发,一类是过滤器。
路由功能是微服务的一部分,比如/api/user转发到user服务,/api/goods转发到goods服务。
zuul默认和Ribbon结合实现了负载功能。
1、zuul实现路由转发功能,步骤如下:
步骤1、创建maven工程service-zuul,结构图如下:
步骤2、修改pom.xml,内容如下:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
步骤3、在应用程序启动类上加上注解@EnableZuulProxy,开启zuul功能
package com.cn.eurekazuul;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy //开启zuul功能
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class EurekaZuulApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaZuulApplication.class, args);
}
}
步骤4、修改application.yml,内容如下:
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8501/eureka/
server:
port: 8507
spring:
application:
name: eureka-zuul
zuul:
routes:
api-a:
path: /api-a/**
serviceId: service-ribbon
api-b:
path: /api-b/**
serviceId: eureka-feign
注:以/api-a/开头的请求都会转发给service-ribbon服务,以/api-b/开头的请求都会转发给service-feign服务。
步骤5:在eureka-ribbon和eureka-feign服务的HelloController中新增如下代码
//获取port端口的值
@Value("${server.port}")
String port;
@RequestMapping(value="/test")
public String test(@RequestParam String name){
return "嗨,"+name+" 我是来自:"+port+"端口";
}
步骤6、测试
启动这5个服务,如下图
结论:访问/api-a/test和访问/api-b/test会跳转到不同的服务,说明zuul的路由转发起到作用
2、zuul实现过滤器功能,步骤如下:
zuul不仅只是路由转发功能,并且还能过滤,做一些安全验证
稍后补充.......