玩一下rsync

1. 目的说明
2. 命令展示
3. 参数说明
4. 其他参数展示(即使现在用不到)
5. 粗略意见

(一) 目的说明

• 向远程主机拷贝文件,如果远程主机有同名文件则进行对其备份到指定目录

(二) 命令展示

• # >  now=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`
• # > rsync -Ivb --suffix="_$now" --backup-dir=/root/backup deploy_gunlei_erp.py root@server_ip_address:/root

(三)参数说明

• -I(大写i): --ignore-times    don't skip files that match in size and mod-time 意思就是不跳过任何一个文件
• -v:  --verbose    increase verbosity 增加赘言等于可视化显示
• -b: --backup    make backups  制作备份
• --sufix  set backup suffix (default ~)  设置备份后缀名(默认是~)
• --backup-dir    make backups into hierarchy based in DIR    指定备份目录

(四)其他参数展示

• -q, --quiet                 suppress non-error messages
      --no-motd               suppress daemon-mode MOTD (see manpage caveat)
  -c, --checksum              skip based on checksum, not mod-time & size
  -a, --archive               archive mode; equals -rlptgoD (no -H,-A,-X)
      --no-OPTION             turn off an implied OPTION (e.g. --no-D)
  -r, --recursive             recurse into directories
  -R, --relative              use relative path names
      --no-implied-dirs       don't send implied dirs with --relative
  -u, --update                skip files that are newer on the receiver
      --inplace               update destination files in-place (SEE MAN PAGE)
      --append                append data onto shorter files
      --append-verify         like --append, but with old data in file checksum
  -d, --dirs                  transfer directories without recursing
  -l, --links                 copy symlinks as symlinks
  -L, --copy-links            transform symlink into referent file/dir
      --copy-unsafe-links     only "unsafe" symlinks are transformed
      --safe-links            ignore symlinks that point outside the source tree
      --munge-links           munge symlinks to make them safer (but unusable)
  -k, --copy-dirlinks         transform symlink to a dir into referent dir
  -K, --keep-dirlinks         treat symlinked dir on receiver as dir
  -H, --hard-links            preserve hard links
  -p, --perms                 preserve permissions
  -E, --executability         preserve the file's executability
      --chmod=CHMOD           affect file and/or directory permissions
  -A, --acls                  preserve ACLs (implies --perms)
  -X, --xattrs                preserve extended attributes
  -o, --owner                 preserve owner (super-user only)
  -g, --group                 preserve group
      --devices               preserve device files (super-user only)
      --copy-devices          copy device contents as regular file
      --specials              preserve special files
  -D                          same as --devices --specials
  -t, --times                 preserve modification times
  -O, --omit-dir-times        omit directories from --times
  -J, --omit-link-times       omit symlinks from --times
      --super                 receiver attempts super-user activities
      --fake-super            store/recover privileged attrs using xattrs
  -S, --sparse                handle sparse files efficiently
      --preallocate           allocate dest files before writing them
  -n, --dry-run               perform a trial run with no changes made
  -W, --whole-file            copy files whole (without delta-xfer algorithm)
  -x, --one-file-system       don't cross filesystem boundaries
  -B, --block-size=SIZE       force a fixed checksum block-size
  -e, --rsh=COMMAND           specify the remote shell to use
      --rsync-path=PROGRAM    specify the rsync to run on the remote machine
      --existing              skip creating new files on receiver
      --ignore-existing       skip updating files that already exist on receiver
      --remove-source-files   sender removes synchronized files (non-dirs)
      --del                   an alias for --delete-during
      --delete                delete extraneous files from destination dirs
      --delete-before         receiver deletes before transfer, not during
      --delete-during         receiver deletes during the transfer
      --delete-delay          find deletions during, delete after
      --delete-after          receiver deletes after transfer, not during
      --delete-excluded       also delete excluded files from destination dirs
      --ignore-missing-args   ignore missing source args without error
      --delete-missing-args   delete missing source args from destination
      --ignore-errors         delete even if there are I/O errors
      --force                 force deletion of directories even if not empty
      --max-delete=NUM        don't delete more than NUM files
      --max-size=SIZE         don't transfer any file larger than SIZE
      --min-size=SIZE         don't transfer any file smaller than SIZE
      --partial               keep partially transferred files
      --partial-dir=DIR       put a partially transferred file into DIR
      --delay-updates         put all updated files into place at transfer's end
  -m, --prune-empty-dirs      prune empty directory chains from the file-list
      --numeric-ids           don't map uid/gid values by user/group name
      --usermap=STRING        custom username mapping
      --groupmap=STRING       custom groupname mapping
      --chown=USER:GROUP      simple username/groupname mapping
      --timeout=SECONDS       set I/O timeout in seconds
      --contimeout=SECONDS    set daemon connection timeout in seconds
  -M, --remote-option=OPTION  send OPTION to the remote side only
      --size-only             skip files that match in size
      --modify-window=NUM     compare mod-times with reduced accuracy
  -T, --temp-dir=DIR          create temporary files in directory DIR
  -y, --fuzzy                 find similar file for basis if no dest file
      --compare-dest=DIR      also compare destination files relative to DIR
      --copy-dest=DIR         ... and include copies of unchanged files
      --link-dest=DIR         hardlink to files in DIR when unchanged
  -z, --compress              compress file data during the transfer
      --compress-level=NUM    explicitly set compression level
      --skip-compress=LIST    skip compressing files with a suffix in LIST
  -C, --cvs-exclude           auto-ignore files the same way CVS does
  -f, --filter=RULE           add a file-filtering RULE
  -F                          same as --filter='dir-merge /.rsync-filter'
                              repeated: --filter='- .rsync-filter'
      --exclude=PATTERN       exclude files matching PATTERN
      --exclude-from=FILE     read exclude patterns from FILE
      --include=PATTERN       don't exclude files matching PATTERN
      --include-from=FILE     read include patterns from FILE
      --files-from=FILE       read list of source-file names from FILE
  -0, --from0                 all *-from/filter files are delimited by 0s
  -s, --protect-args          no space-splitting; only wildcard special-chars
      --address=ADDRESS       bind address for outgoing socket to daemon
      --port=PORT             specify double-colon alternate port number
      --sockopts=OPTIONS      specify custom TCP options
      --blocking-io           use blocking I/O for the remote shell
      --stats                 give some file-transfer stats
  -8, --8-bit-output          leave high-bit chars unescaped in output
  -h, --human-readable        output numbers in a human-readable format
      --progress              show progress during transfer
  -P                          same as --partial --progress
  -i, --itemize-changes       output a change-summary for all updates
      --out-format=FORMAT     output updates using the specified FORMAT
      --log-file=FILE         log what we're doing to the specified FILE
      --log-file-format=FMT   log updates using the specified FMT
      --password-file=FILE    read daemon-access password from FILE
      --list-only             list the files instead of copying them
      --bwlimit=RATE          limit socket I/O bandwidth
      --stop-at=y-m-dTh:m     Stop rsync at year-month-dayThour:minute
      --time-limit=MINS       Stop rsync after MINS minutes have elapsed
      --outbuf=N|L|B          set output buffering to None, Line, or Block
      --write-batch=FILE      write a batched update to FILE
      --only-write-batch=FILE like --write-batch but w/o updating destination
      --read-batch=FILE       read a batched update from FILE
      --protocol=NUM          force an older protocol version to be used
      --iconv=CONVERT_SPEC    request charset conversion of filenames
      --checksum-seed=NUM     set block/file checksum seed (advanced)
      --noatime               do not alter atime when opening source files
  -4, --ipv4                  prefer IPv4
  -6, --ipv6                  prefer IPv6
      --version               print version number

(五)粗略意见

• rsync玩法有很多,适合向远程主机拷贝增量文件和带有软硬连接的目录.
• scp用法比较简单,适合向远程主机拷贝覆盖性文件,例如集群内配置文件修改参数需要同步配置文件等.