用Python的Flask框架写微信小程序及其管理网页后台（实现篇）

其他 2019-04-21 20:00:59 阅读次数: 0

文章目录

代码实现篇

创建数据库

  • 利用命令提示符登录数据库（方法在准备篇，这里不做阐述）
  • 创建一个名为db_info的数据库(SQL语句)
    create database db_info charset utf8;

代码框架

在这里插入图片描述

主程序（app.py）

  • app.py

    from flask import Flask, render_template, request, make_response, send_file
from models import Admin, Student, Project
from exts import db
import config, os
from methods import get_Info, to_Data, to_List, to_Json, new_avatar_name, create_xlsx
from flask_cors import *

app = Flask(__name__)
CORS(app, supports_credentials = True) # 解决跨域问题

app.config.from_object(config)
db.init_app(app)

url = "http://127.0.0.1:5000/"

@app.route('/')
def index():
    #return render_template('index.html')
    return ("首页")

@app.route('/login', methods=['POST']) # 登录
def login():
    data = to_Data()
    account = data['account']
    password = data['password']
    if account and password:
        admin = Admin.query.filter(Admin.Adminaccount == account, Admin.Password == password).first()
        if admin:
            return ("1")
    return ("0")	

@app.route('/by_input', methods = ['POST']) # 按输入查询
def by_input():
    data = to_Data() # 将json转为字典
    input = data['input']
    page = data['page']
    if input and page:
        info = get_Info(input = input) #从数据库获取成员信息
        list = to_List(info, page) #将数据转为列表
        data = to_Json(list) #将列表数据转为json
        return data
    return ("0")


@app.route('/by_name', methods = ['POST']) # 按姓名查询
def by_name():
    data = to_Data()
    sname = data['name']
    page = data['page']
    if sname and page:
        info = get_Info(sname = sname)
        list = to_List(info, page)
        data = to_Json(list)
        return data
    return ("0")

@app.route('/by_group', methods = ['POST']) # 按组别查询
def by_group():
    data = to_Data()
    group = data['group']
    page = data['page']
    if group and page:
        info = get_Info(group = group)
        list = to_List(info, page)
        data = to_Json(list)
        return data
    return ("0")

@app.route('/by_grade', methods = ['POST']) # 按年级查询
def by_grade():
    data = to_Data()
    grade = data['grade']
    page = data['page']
    if grade and page:
        info = get_Info(grade = grade)
        list = to_List(info, page)
        data = to_Json(list)
        return data
    return ("0")

@app.route('/by_name_group', methods=['POST']) # 按姓名、组别查询
def by_name_group():
    data = to_Data()
    sname = data['name']
    group = data['group']
    page = data['page']
    if sname and group and page:
        info = get_Info(sname = sname, group = group)
        list = to_List(info, page)
        data = to_Json(list)
        return data
    return ("0")

@app.route('/by_name_grade', methods=['POST']) # 按姓名、年级
def by_name_grade():
    data = to_Data()
    sname = data['name']
    grade = data['grade']
    page = data['page']
    if sname and grade and page:
        info = get_Info(sname = sname, grade = grade)
        list = to_List(info, page)
        data = to_Json(list)
        return data
    return ("0")

@app.route('/by_group_grade', methods=['POST']) # 按组别、年级
def by_group_grade():
    data = to_Data()
    group = data['group']
    grade = data['grade']
    page = data['page']
    if group and grade and page:
        info = get_Info(group = group, grade = grade)
        list = to_List(info, page)
        data = to_Json(list)
        return data
    return ("0")

@app.route('/by_name_group_grade', methods=['POST']) # 按姓名、组别、年级查询
def by_name_group_grade():
    data = to_Data()
    sname = data['name']
    group = data['group']
    grade = data['grade']
    page = data['page']
    if sname and group and grade and page:
        info = get_Info(sname = sname, group = group, grade = grade)
        list = to_List(info, page)
        data = to_Json(list)
        return data
    return ("0")

@app.route('/up/image', methods=['POST']) # 上传头像
def up_image():
    sno = request.form.get('sno')
    # sno = "20182109xxxx"
    avatar = request.files['image_data'] # 上传图片数据名
    if sno and avatar:
        student = Student.query.filter(Student.SNo == sno).first()  # 查找相应成员
        if student:
            basedir = os.path.dirname(__file__) # 运行路径
            avatar_path = os.path.join(basedir, 'static\image', new_avatar_name(avatar.filename)) # 重命名后合成文件在服务器的路径
            avatar_path = avatar_path.replace('\\','/') # 若不换成/ Linux服务器会报错  位置:static/image/*.jpg
            avatar.save(avatar_path) # 保存文件
            avatar_url = url + avatar_path # 合成头像访问路径

            old_url = student.Avatar
            if old_url: # 判断是否存在，若存在删除存储的旧头像
                old_url = old_url.replace(url,'') # 除去路径中的url
                os.remove(old_url)

            student.Avatar = avatar_url # 将链接存储在数据库
            db.session.add(student)
            db.session.commit()
            return ("1")
    return ("0")

@app.route('/add_change/info', methods=['POST']) # 添加或修改成员数据
def add_change_info():
    data = to_Data()
    sno = data['sno']
    avatar = url + "static/image/0.png" # 默认头像
    sname = data['name']
    grade = data['grade']
    group = data['group']
    ID = data['ID']  # 从前端获取得需要修改数据项目的ID列表
    state = data['state'] # 添加或修改
    data_pro = data['project_arr']

    telephone = data['contact']['phone']
    wechat = data['contact']['wx']
    qq = data['contact']['qq']
    mailbox = data['contact']['email']
    other = data['contact']['other']

    occupation = data['graduation']['job']
    workaddress = data['graduation']['address']
    direction = data['graduation']['study']

    if sno and sname and grade and group:
        if state == 0: # 修改
            student = Student.query.filter(Student.SNo == sno).first()
            # student.SNo = sno # 学号作为主键不可更改
            student.SName = sname
            student.Group = group
            student.Grade = grade
            student.Telephone = telephone
            student.WeChat = wechat
            student.QQ = qq
            student.MailBox = mailbox
            student.Other = other
            student.Occupation = occupation
            student.WorkAddress = workaddress
            student.Direction = direction
            db.session.add(student) # 修改成员数据
            db.session.commit() # 提交

            for data in data_pro:
                if data['ID'] == 0:
                    project = data['name']
                    award = data['prize']
                    code = data['code']
                    project = Project(SNo=sno, Project=project, Award=award, Code=code)
                    db.session.add(project)  # 添加项目数据
                    db.session.commit()
            if ID:
                for id in ID:
                    project = Project.query.filter(Project.ID == id).first()
                    if project:
                        for data in data_pro:
                            if data['ID'] == id:
                                project.Project = data['name']
                                project.Award = data['prize']
                                project.Code = data['code']
                                db.session.add(project) # 修改项目数据
                                db.session.commit()
            return ("1")

        elif state == 1: # 增加
            student = Student.query.filter(Student.SNo == sno).first()
            if not student:
                student = Student(SNo=sno, Avatar=avatar, SName=sname, Grade=grade, Group=group, Telephone=telephone, WeChat=wechat,
                                  QQ=qq, MailBox=mailbox, Other=other, Occupation=occupation, WorkAddress=workaddress, Direction=direction)
                db.session.add(student) # 添加成员数据
                db.session.commit() # 提交
                for data in data_pro:
                    project = data['name']
                    award = data['prize']
                    code = data['code']
                    project = Project(SNo=sno, Project=project, Award=award, Code=code)
                    db.session.add(project) # 添加项目数据
                    db.session.commit()
                return ("1")
            return ("0") # 成员已经存在
    return ("-1") # 学号、姓名不能为空

@app.route('/delete/info', methods = ['POST']) # 删除成员
def delete_info():
    data = to_Data()
    sno = data['sno']
    if sno:
        student = Student.query.filter(Student.SNo == sno).first()
        if student:
            old_url = student.Avatar
            if old_url:  # 删除存储在服务器的头像
                old_url = old_url.replace(url, '')  # 除去路径中的url
                os.remove(old_url)
            Student.query.filter(Student.SNo == sno).delete() # 删除
            db.session.commit()
            return ("1")
    return ("0")

@app.route('/delete/pro', methods=['POST']) # 删除项目
def delete_pro():
    data = to_Data()
    ID = data['ID']
    if ID:
        Project.query.filter(Project.ID == ID).delete()
        db.session.commit()
        return ("1")
    return ("0")

@app.route('/excel')
def excel():
    info = Student.query.filter().all()
    excel_path = create_xlsx(info)
    if excel_path:
        response = make_response(send_file(excel_path))
        response.headers["Content-Disposition"] = "attachment; filename = {}".format('新思路成员信息一览表.xls'.encode().decode('latin-1'))
        # 将文件名（中文）utf-8编码转成 latin-1 编码
        return response
    return ("0")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # app.run(host = '0.0.0.0', port = 80) # 若要配置在服务器上
    app.run()

扩展（exts.py）

  • exts.py

    from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
db = SQLAlchemy()

主程序用到的方法（methods.py）

  • methods.py

    from flask import request
import json, re, datetime, random, os
from models import Student, Project
from werkzeug.utils import secure_filename
import xlwt # 向excel表格写数据的库

def get_Info(sname = None, group = None, grade = None, input = None):
    info = None
    if sname:
        sname = re.sub(' ', "", sname) # 除去空格
        sname = re.sub('\d+', "", sname) # 提取姓名

    if sname and group and grade:
        info = Student.query.filter(Student.SName == sname, Student.Group == group, Student.Grade == grade).all()
        if not info: # 模糊查询
            sname = "%" + sname + "%" # 模糊条件
            info = Student.query.filter(Student.SName.like(sname)).all()
    elif sname and group:
        info = Student.query.filter(Student.SName == sname, Student.Group == group).all()
        if not info: # 模糊查询
            sname = "%" + sname + "%" # 模糊条件
            info = Student.query.filter(Student.SName.like(sname)).all()
    elif sname and grade:
        info = Student.query.filter(Student.SName == sname, Student.Grade == grade).all()
        if not info: # 模糊查询
            sname = "%" + sname + "%" # 模糊条件
            info = Student.query.filter(Student.SName.like(sname)).all()
    elif group and grade:
        info = Student.query.filter(Student.Group == group, Student.Grade == grade).all()
    elif sname:
        info = Student.query.filter(Student.SName == sname).all()
        if not info: # 模糊查询
            sname = "%" + sname + "%" # 模糊条件
            info = Student.query.filter(Student.SName.like(sname)).all()
    elif group:
        info = Student.query.filter(Student.Group == group).all()
    elif grade:
        info = Student.query.filter(Student.Grade == grade).all()

    elif input:
        input = re.sub(' ', "", input) # 除去空格
        # 输入条件为学号查询
        input_sno = re.sub('\D', "", input) # 提取数字
        if len(input_sno) > 6:
            info = Student.query.filter(Student.SNo == input_sno).all()
            if not info:
                input_sno = "%" + input_sno + "%"
                info = Student.query.filter(Student.SNo.like(input_sno)).all()

        if not info:
            # 为姓名查询
            input_name = re.sub('\d+',"",input) # 提取姓名
            if len(input_name) >= 1: # 存在
                info = Student.query.filter(Student.SName == input_name).all()
                if not info: # 模糊查询
                    input_name = "%" + input_name + "%"
                    info = Student.query.filter(Student.SName.like(input_name)).all()

        if not info:
            # 为组别
            input_group = re.sub('\d+', "", input)  # 提取组别
            if len(input_group) >= 1:  # 存在
                info = Student.query.filter(Student.Group == input_group).all()
                if not info: # 模糊查询
                    input_group = "%" + input_group +"%"
                    info = Student.query.filter(Student.Group.like(input_group)).all()

        if not info:
            # 为年级查询
            input_grade = re.sub('\D',"",input) # 提取年级
            if 4 >= len(input_grade) >= 2:# 存在
                info = Student.query.filter(Student.Grade == input_grade).all()
                if not info:
                    input_grade = "%" + input_grade + "%"
                    info = Student.query.filter(Student.Grade.like(input_grade)).all()
        if not info:
            info = []
    return info

def to_Data():
    # data = request.get_data()  # 获取前端数据
    # data = str(data, 'utf-8')  # 转utf-8
    # data = json.loads(data)  # json转字典
    data = json.loads(request.get_data().decode("utf-8"))
    if data:
        return data
    else:
        return {}

def to_Json(list = None):
    if list:
        data = json.dumps(list, ensure_ascii = False)
    else:
        data = "0"
    return data

def to_List(info, page): # page为页数
    list = []
    limit = 10 # 限制返回数据条数
    index = len(info)  # 行索引
    for row in range(index):
        dic_stu = {
            'sno': info[row].SNo,
            'image_url':info[row].Avatar,
            'name': info[row].SName,
            'grade': info[row].Grade,
            'group': info[row].Group,
            'contact':{
                'phone': info[row].Telephone,
                'wx': info[row].WeChat,
                'qq': info[row].QQ,
                'email': info[row].MailBox,
                'other': info[row].Other
            },
            'graduation':{
                'job': info[row].Occupation,
                'address': info[row].WorkAddress,
                'study': info[row].Direction
            },
        }

        list_pro = []
        pro_info = Project.query.filter(Project.SNo == info[row].SNo).all()
        for row_ in range(len(pro_info)):
            dic_pro = {
                'ID':pro_info[row_].ID,
                'name': pro_info[row_].Project,
                'prize': pro_info[row_].Award,
                'code': pro_info[row_].Code
            }
            list_pro.append(dic_pro)
        dic_stu['project_arr'] = list_pro

        list.append(dic_stu) # 合并

    total = limit * page

    list = list[total-limit:total] # 索引，位置
    return list

def new_avatar_name(avatar_name):
    now_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
    rand_num = random.randint(10,99) # 随机10到99
    name = secure_filename(avatar_name)
    ext = name.rsplit('.', 1)[1]  # 扩展名
    avatar_name = str(now_time) + str(rand_num) + '.' + ext # 合成
    return avatar_name

def create_xlsx(info):
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'utf-8')
    worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('新思路成员信息一览表', cell_overwrite_ok = True)

    alignment = xlwt.Alignment()  # 对齐格式
    alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER  # 水平居中
    alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER  #

    font = xlwt.Font() # 字体
    font.bold = True # 设置黑体

    pattern = xlwt.Pattern()
    pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN
    pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 27 # 浅色

    borders = xlwt.Borders()
    borders.left = xlwt.Borders.THIN # THIN:实线  NO_LINE:无  DASHED:虚线
    borders.right = xlwt.Borders.THIN
    borders.top = xlwt.Borders.THIN
    borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.THIN

    borders_ = xlwt.Borders()
    borders_.bottom = xlwt.Borders.THIN

    tall = xlwt.easyxf('font:height 700;')
    worksheet.row(0).set_style(tall)
    tall = xlwt.easyxf('font:height 360;')
    worksheet.row(1).set_style(tall)
    tall = xlwt.easyxf('font:height 360;')
    worksheet.row(2).set_style(tall)

    worksheet.col(0).width = 256*13 # 学号
    worksheet.col(4).width = 256*12 # 电话
    worksheet.col(5).width = 256*12 # 微信
    worksheet.col(6).width = 256*12 # QQ
    worksheet.col(7).width = 256*18 # 邮箱
    worksheet.col(10).width = 256*15 # 地址
    worksheet.col(11).width = 256*27 # 方向
    worksheet.col(13).width = 256*25
    worksheet.col(14).width = 256*25
    worksheet.col(15).width = 256*25
    worksheet.col(16).width = 256*25
    worksheet.col(17).width = 256*25

    style0 = xlwt.XFStyle()
    style0.alignment = alignment
    style0.font = font
    style0.pattern = pattern
    style0.borders = borders
    worksheet.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 17, 'New-Thread成员信息一览表', style0)

    style1 = xlwt.XFStyle()
    style1.alignment = alignment
    style1.font = font
    style1.borders = borders
    worksheet.write_merge(1, 1, 0, 3, '个人信息', style1)
    worksheet.write_merge(1, 1, 4, 8, '联系方式', style1)
    worksheet.write_merge(1, 1, 9, 11, '毕业去向(工作/研究生/留学生)', style1)
    worksheet.write_merge(1, 1, 12, 17, '参与项目', style1)

    style2 = xlwt.XFStyle()
    style2.alignment = alignment
    style2.borders = borders
    a = ['学号','姓名','年级','组别','电话','微信','QQ','邮箱','其它','职业','地址(工作单位)','研究方向(岗位/研究生技术方向)','-','项目1','项目2','项目3','项目4','项目5']
    for i in range(18):
        worksheet.write(2, i, a[i], style2)

    style3 = xlwt.XFStyle()
    style3.alignment = alignment
    style3.borders = borders
    if info:
        i = 3 # 控制行
        pi = 3
        for row in range(len(info)):
            stu_info = [info[row].SNo, info[row].SName, info[row].Grade, info[row].Group, info[row].Telephone, info[row].WeChat, info[row].QQ,
                    info[row].MailBox, info[row].Other, info[row].Occupation, info[row].WorkAddress, info[row].Direction]
            j = 0 # 控制信息列
            pj = 13 # 工程列
            for content in stu_info:
                worksheet.write_merge(i, i+2, j, j, content, style3) # 合并单元格参数(从0开始): 1-3行，0-0列，内容，格式
                j = j+1
                if j == 12:
                    break

            style4 = xlwt.XFStyle()
            style4.borders = borders_
            worksheet.write(i, 12, '项目名称')
            worksheet.write(i+1, 12, '获奖情况')
            worksheet.write(i+2, 12, '源码', style4)

            project = Project.query.filter(Project.SNo == info[row].SNo).all()
            for row in range(len(project)):
                pro_info = [project[row].Project, project[row].Award, project[row].Code]
                for content in pro_info:
                    worksheet.write(pi, pj, content, style3)
                    pi = pi+1 # 加行
                pj = pj + 1 # 加列
                pi = pi - 3 # 还是一个学生，所以回到这一次的初始行

            i = i + 3 # 隔行输出
            pi = pi + 3 # 下一初始行

        basedir = os.path.dirname(__file__)  # 运行路径
        excel_path = os.path.join(basedir, 'static', '新思路成员信息一览表.xls')  # 重命名后合成文件在服务器的路径
        excel_path = excel_path.replace('\\', '/')  # 若不换成/ Linux服务器会报错  位置:static/*.xls
        workbook.save(excel_path)  # 写入

        return excel_path
    return ("0")

数据库配置信息（config.py）

  • config.py
    DIALECT ='mysql'
DRIVER = 'mysqldb'
USERNAME = 'root'
PASSWORD = 'password' # 此处填写你的数据库密码
HOST = 'localhost' # 部署到服务器不能用127.0.0.1 得用localhost
PORT = '3306'
DATABSE = 'db_info' # 此处为你建的数据库的名称
SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI ="{}+{}://{}:{}@{}:{}/{}?charset=utf8".format(DIALECT,DRIVER,USERNAME,PASSWORD,HOST,PORT,DATABSE)

SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS = False

创建相应数据库模型（models.py）

  • models.py
    from exts import db

class Admin(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'admin'
    Adminaccount = db.Column(db.String(255, 'utf8_general_ci'), primary_key=True)
    Password = db.Column(db.String(255, 'utf8_general_ci'), nullable=False)

class Project(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'project'
    ID = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    SNo = db.Column(db.ForeignKey('student.SNo', ondelete='CASCADE', onupdate='CASCADE'), nullable=False, index=True)
    Project = db.Column(db.String(255))
    Award = db.Column(db.String(255))
    Code = db.Column(db.String(255))
    student = db.relationship('Student', primaryjoin='Project.SNo == Student.SNo', backref='projects')

class Student(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'student'
    SNo = db.Column(db.String(255, 'utf8_general_ci'), primary_key=True, index=True)
    Avatar = db.Column(db.String(255, 'utf8_general_ci'), index=True)
    SName = db.Column(db.String(255, 'utf8_general_ci'), nullable=False)
    Grade = db.Column(db.String(255, 'utf8_general_ci'), nullable=False)
    Group = db.Column(db.String(255, 'utf8_general_ci'), nullable=False)
    Telephone = db.Column(db.String(255, 'utf8_general_ci'))
    WeChat = db.Column(db.String(255, 'utf8_general_ci'))
    QQ = db.Column(db.String(255, 'utf8_general_ci'))
    MailBox = db.Column(db.String(255, 'utf8_general_ci'))
    Other = db.Column(db.String(255, 'utf8_general_ci'))
    Occupation = db.Column(db.String(255, 'utf8_general_ci'))
    WorkAddress = db.Column(db.String(255, 'utf8_general_ci'))
    Direction = db.Column(db.String(255, 'utf8_general_ci'))

将models中所写模型映射到数据库中（manager.py）

  • manager.py

    from flask_script import Manager
from flask_migrate import Migrate, MigrateCommand
from app import app
from exts import db

manager = Manager(app)
migrate = Migrate(app,db) # 使用Migrate绑定app和db
manager.add_command('db',MigrateCommand) #添加迁移脚本的命令到manager中

if __name__ == '__main__':
    manager.run()

  • 映射
    打开命令提示符，切换到项目文件目录

    cd /d D:\Flask\成员信息管理系统

    执行以下命令

    python manager.py db init
    python manager.py db migrate
    python manager.py db upgrade

上一篇（准备篇）：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42766994/article/details/89401754
下一篇（测试篇）：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42766994/article/details/89436536

猜你喜欢

转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_42766994/article/details/89434385
今日推荐
基于大语言模型的开源知识库问答系统 MaxKB GitHub Star 数量突破 5,000 个！
美国拟限制 AI 大模型出口中国和俄罗斯
苹果将与 OpenAI 达成协议，将 ChatGPT 应用于 iPhone
openKylin 社区生态委员会第六次会议圆满召开
阿里云正式发布通义千问 2.5
Python 3.13 发布首个 Beta：实验性自由线程模式和 JIT、改进交互式解释器
Stack Overflow 拿我的代码去训练 AI 大模型，还封了我的账号
Pop!_OS 的 COSMIC 桌面完成 App Store 上架工作
《2024 年一季度互联网投融资运行情况》研究报告
报告：Django 仍然是 74% 开发者的首选
15 年前上了“FFmpeg 耻辱柱”，今天他还得谢谢咱——腾讯QQPlayer一雪前耻？
TIOBE 5 月榜单：Fortran “复活”进入 Top 10
周排行
记一下去大梅沙的准备（2018-05-26）
Spring 注解 事务
基于HTTP协议的客户端缓存
阿里云rds 备份和还原
[PHP] 几个拖慢 PHP 程序/API 运行速度的点
python 代码风格------------PEP8规则
js控制json生成菜单——自制菜单（一）
将字符串: 'k:1|k1:2|k2:3|k3:4 ' ,处理成 python 字典: {'k':1, 'k1':2, ...}
微信小程序转支付宝小程序
Qt551.窗口滚动条
每日归档
更多
2024-05-13(18)
2024-05-12(0)
2024-05-11(38)
2024-05-10(38)
2024-05-09(35)
2024-05-08(42)
2024-05-07(14)
2024-05-06(40)
2024-05-05(0)
2024-05-04(7)

代码天地 © 2018 codetd.com

境外服务器   最新电视剧2022