一、spring整合JDBC
1.spring提供了很多模板整合Dao技术
2.spring中提供了一个可以操作数据库的对象.对象封装了jdbc技术.
JDBCTemplate => JDBC模板对象
与DBUtils中的QueryRunner非常相似.
package com.kankan.jdbctemplate;
import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import java.beans.PropertyVetoException;
/**
* @author kankan
* @creater 2019-04-29 8:02
*/
public class Demo {
@Test
public void fun() throws Exception {
//0 准备连接池
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setDriverClass("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/web09");
dataSource.setUser("root");
dataSource.setPassword("123");
//1.创建JDBC模板对象
JdbcTemplate jt = new JdbcTemplate();
jt.setDataSource(dataSource);
//2.书写sql,并执行
String sql = "insert into category values('c005','看看')";
jt.update(sql);
}
}
3.1 导包
4+2:4代表:
2代表:com.springsource.org.apache.commons.logging-1.1.1.jar、com.springsource.org.apache.log4j-1.2.15.jar(老版本要导入的,导入可以保证一定能运行)
spring-test、spring-aop、junit4类库
c3p0连接池、JDBC驱动
spring-jdbc、spring-tx事务
3.2 准备数据库(两个字段id(自增长)和name即可)
3.3 书写Dao
package com.kankan.jdbctemplate;
import com.kankan.bean.User;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
//使用JDBC模板实现增删改查
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{
private JdbcTemplate jt;
public JdbcTemplate getJt() {
return jt;
}
public void setJt(JdbcTemplate jt) {
this.jt = jt;
}
@Override
public void save(User u) {
String sql = "insert into user values(?,?)";
jt.update(sql,u.getId(),u.getName());
}
@Override
public void delete(Integer id) {
String sql = "delete from user where id = ?";
jt.update(sql,id);
}
@Override
public void update(User u) {
String sql = "update user set name=? where id=?";
jt.update(sql,u.getName(),u.getId());
}
@Override
public User getById(Integer id) {
String sql = "select * from user where id=?";
return jt.queryForObject(sql, new RowMapper<User>() {
@Override
public User mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int arg1) throws SQLException{
User u = new User();
u.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
u.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));
return u;
}
},id);
}
@Override
public int getTotalCount() {
String sql = "select count(*) from user";
Integer count = jt.queryForObject(sql,Integer.class);
return count;
}
@Override
public List<User> getAll() {
String sql = "select * from user";
List<User> list = jt.query(sql, new RowMapper<User>() {
@Override
public User mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
User u = new User();
u.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
u.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));
return u;
}
});
return list;
}
}
3.4 spring配置
依赖关系
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- 1.将连接池放入spring容器 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/user" ></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" ></property>
<property name="user" value="root" ></property>
<property name="password" value="123" ></property>
</bean>
<!-- 2.将JDBCTemplate放入spring容器 -->
<bean name="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate" >
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 3.将UserDao放入spring容器 -->
<bean name="userDao" class="com.kankan.jdbctemplate.UserDaoImpl" >
<property name="jt" ref="jdbcTemplate" ></property>
<!--<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>-->
</bean>
</beans>
3.5 测试
package com.kankan.jdbctemplate;
import com.kankan.bean.User;
import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.beans.PropertyVetoException;
/**
* @author kankan
* @creater 2019-04-29 8:02
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring-config.xml")
public class Demo {
@Resource(name="userDao")
private UserDao ud;
/*@Test
public void fun() throws Exception {
//0 准备连接池
ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
dataSource.setDriverClass("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/user");
dataSource.setUser("root");
dataSource.setPassword("123");
//1.创建JDBC模板对象
JdbcTemplate jt = new JdbcTemplate();
jt.setDataSource(dataSource);
//2.书写sql,并执行
String sql = "insert into user values(2,'看看')";
jt.update(sql);
}*/
@Test
public void fun1() throws Exception {
User u = new User();
u.setId(3);
u.setName("tom");
ud.save(u);
}
@Test
public void fun2() throws Exception {
User u = new User();
u.setId(3);
u.setName("miss");
ud.update(u);
}
@Test
public void fun3() throws Exception {
ud.delete(3);
}
@Test
public void fun4() throws Exception {
System.out.println(ud.getById(2));
}
@Test
public void fun5() throws Exception {
System.out.println(ud.getTotalCount());
}
@Test
public void fun6() throws Exception {
System.out.println(ud.getAll());
}
}
4.进阶内容
4.1 JDBCDaoSupport
public class UserDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport
package com.kankan.jdbctemplate;
import com.kankan.bean.User;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
//使用JDBC模板实现增删改查
public class UserDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements UserDao{
//private JdbcTemplate jt;
/*public JdbcTemplate getJt() {
return super.getJdbcTemplate();
}
public void setJt(JdbcTemplate jt) {
this.jt = jt;
}*/
@Override
public void save(User u) {
String sql = "insert into user values(?,?)";
super.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql,u.getId(),u.getName());
}
@Override
public void delete(Integer id) {
String sql = "delete from user where id = ?";
super.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql,id);
}
@Override
public void update(User u) {
String sql = "update user set name=? where id=?";
super.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql,u.getName(),u.getId());
}
@Override
public User getById(Integer id) {
String sql = "select * from user where id=?";
return super.getJdbcTemplate().queryForObject(sql, new RowMapper<User>() {
@Override
public User mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int arg1) throws SQLException{
User u = new User();
u.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
u.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));
return u;
}
},id);
}
@Override
public int getTotalCount() {
String sql = "select count(*) from user";
Integer count = super.getJdbcTemplate().queryForObject(sql,Integer.class);
return count;
}
@Override
public List<User> getAll() {
String sql = "select * from user";
List<User> list = super.getJdbcTemplate().query(sql, new RowMapper<User>() {
@Override
public User mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
User u = new User();
u.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
u.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));
return u;
}
});
return list;
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- 1.将连接池放入spring容器 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/user" ></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" ></property>
<property name="user" value="root" ></property>
<property name="password" value="123" ></property>
</bean>
<!-- 2.将JDBCTemplate放入spring容器 -->
<!-- <bean name="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate" >
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>-->
<!-- 3.将UserDao放入spring容器 -->
<bean name="userDao" class="com.kankan.jdbctemplate.UserDaoImpl" >
<!--<property name="jt" ref="jdbcTemplate" ></property>-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
</bean>
</beans>
4.1 读取外部的Properties配置
db.properties 注意加前缀(更好区分,防止重名)
<!--指定spring读取db.properties配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
<!-- 1.将连接池放入spring容器 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}" ></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" ></property>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" ></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" ></property>
</bean>
二、使用注解配置spring
1.事务回顾
事务特性:acid
事务并发问题:脏读、不可重复读、幻读
事务的隔离级别:1 读未提交、2 读已提交、4 可重复读、8 串行化
2.spring封装了事务管理代码
事务操作:打开事务、提交事务、回滚事务
事务操作对象
因为在不同平台,操作事务的代码各不相同.spring提供了一个接口
2.1 PlatformTransactionManager 接口
DataSourceTransactionManager
HibernateTransitionmanager
注意:在spring中玩事务管理.最为核心的对象就是TransactionManager对象
2.2 spring管理事务的属性介绍
事务的隔离级别:1 读未提交、2 读已提交、4 可重复读、8 串行化
是否只读:true 只读、false 可操作
事务的传播行为:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--指定spring读取db.properties配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
<!-- 1.将连接池放入spring容器 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}" ></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" ></property>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" ></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" ></property>
</bean>
<!-- 2.将UserDao放入spring容器 -->
<bean name="accountDao" class="com.kankan.dao.AccountDaoImpl" >
<!--<property name="jt" ref="jdbcTemplate" ></property>-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
</bean>
<!-- 3.将accountService放入spring容器 -->
<bean name="accountService" class="com.kankan.service.AccountServiceImpl" >
<!--<property name="jt" ref="jdbcTemplate" ></property>-->
<property name="ad" ref="accountDao" ></property>
</bean>
</beans>
package com.kankan.dao;
/**
* @author kankan
* @creater 2019-04-30 15:00
*/
public interface AccountDao {
//加钱
void addMoney(Integer id,Double money);
//减钱
void delMoney(Integer id,Double money);
}
package com.kankan.dao;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;
/**
* @author kankan
* @creater 2019-04-30 15:07
*/
public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements AccountDao {
@Override
public void addMoney(Integer id, Double money) {
getJdbcTemplate().update("UPDATE t_account SET money = money+? WHERE id=?",money,id);
}
@Override
public void delMoney(Integer id, Double money) {
getJdbcTemplate().update("UPDATE t_account SET money = money-? WHERE id=?",money,id);
}
}
package com.kankan.service;
/**
* @author kankan
* @creater 2019-04-30 15:32
*/
public interface AccountService {
//转账方法
void transfer(Integer from,Integer to,Double money);
}
package com.kankan.service;
import com.kankan.dao.AccountDao;
/**
* @author kankan
* @creater 2019-04-30 15:33
*/
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
private AccountDao ad;
public AccountDao getAd() {
return ad;
}
public void setAd(AccountDao ad) {
this.ad = ad;
}
@Override
public void transfer(Integer from, Integer to, Double money) {
//加钱
ad.addMoney(from,money);
//减钱
ad.delMoney(to,money);
}
}
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/user
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=123
package com.kankan.tx;
import com.kankan.service.AccountService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @author kankan
* @creater 2019-04-30 15:52
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring-config.xml")
public class Demo {
@Resource(name = "accountService")
private AccountService as;
@Test
public void fun1(){
as.transfer(1,2,100d);
}
}
3.spring管理事务方式
3.1 编码式(了解)
3.1.1 将核心事务管理器配置到spring容器
<!--事务核心管理器,封装了所有事务操作,依赖于连接池-->
<bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!--引用类型注入-->
<!--为transactionManager对象中dataSource属性注入dataSource对象-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
3.1.2 配置TransactionTemplate模板
<!--事务模板对象-->
<bean name="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate">
<!--为transactionTemplate对象中transactionManager属性注入transactionManager对象-->
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>
</bean>
3.1.3 将事务模板注入Service
<!-- 3.Service -->
<bean name="accountService" class="com.kankan.service.AccountServiceImpl" >
<!--<property name="jt" ref="jdbcTemplate" ></property>-->
<!--引用类型注入-->
<!--为accountService对象中ad属性注入accountDao对象-->
<property name="ad" ref="accountDao" ></property>
<!--为accountService对象中tt属性注入transactionTemplate对象-->
<property name="tt" ref="transactionTemplate"></property>
</bean>
3.1.4 在Service中调用模板
package com.kankan.service;
import com.kankan.dao.AccountDao;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionCallbackWithoutResult;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;
/**
* @author kankan
* @creater 2019-04-30 15:33
*/
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
private AccountDao ad;
private TransactionTemplate tt;
public TransactionTemplate getTt() {
return tt;
}
public void setTt(TransactionTemplate tt) {
this.tt = tt;
}
public AccountDao getAd() {
return ad;
}
public void setAd(AccountDao ad) {
this.ad = ad;
}
//匿名内部类访问外部要加final
@Override
public void transfer(final Integer from, final Integer to, final Double money) {
//封装好事务函数
//打开事务
//调用doInTransactionWithoutResult -- 出异常会回滚事务
//提交事务
tt.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult() {
@Override
protected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus transactionStatus) {
//加钱
ad.addMoney(from,money);
int i = 1/0;//触发错误,验证代码是否正确
//减钱
ad.delMoney(to,money);
}
});
}
}
事务中有异常发生时候:
3.2 xml配置(aop)
3.2.1 导包
aop、aspect、aop联盟和weaving织入包
3.2.2 导入新的约束(tx)
beans: 最基本
context:读取properties配置
aop:配置aop
tx:配置事务通知
3.2.3 配置通知
<!-- 配置事务通知 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager" >
<tx:attributes>
<!-- 以方法为单位,指定方法应用什么事务属性
isolation:隔离级别
propagation:传播行为
read-only:是否只读
-->
<tx:method name="save*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="persist*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="update*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="modify*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="delete*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="remove*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="get*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="find*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="transfer" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
3.2.4 配置将通知织入目标
<!-- 配置织入 -->
<aop:config >
<!-- 配置切点表达式 -->
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.kankan.service.*ServiceImpl.*(..))" id="txPc"/>
<!-- 配置切面 : 通知+切点
advice-ref:通知的名称
pointcut-ref:切点的名称
-->
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPc" />
</aop:config>
3.3 注解配置(aop)
导包、tx约束和xml配置(aop)相同
3.3.1 开启注解管理事务
<!-- 开启使用注解管理aop事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven/>
3.3.2 使用注解
package com.kankan.tx;
import com.kankan.service.AccountService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @author kankan
* @creater 2019-04-30 15:52
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext2.xml")
public class Demo1 {
@Resource(name = "accountService")
private AccountService as;
@Test
public void fun1(){
as.transfer(1,2,100d);
}
}