Django Restframework.2

APIView

继承自View
入口函数

as_view
- queryset检测
  - 不要直接操作queryset, 直接操作会发生多个请求之间的数据错乱
  - 推荐使用 all 或者 get_queryset
- 调用父类中的as_view
  - 参数检测
  - 定义闭包函数
  - 记录数据
  - dispatch
dispatch

重写方法
做了一个Request转换（初始化）
之后进行整体初始化
- 格式化后缀
- 内容决策
- 版本决策
  - 强制升级
  - 推荐升级
  - 没有升级
- 执行认证
- 检查权限
- 节流，限流
根据请求方法进行分发
如果上述处理过程中出线异常，异常并不会直接被抛，异常会被捕获
提供异常策略
最终对响应进行统一处理
最后返回

generics

GenericsAPIView（最常用）
- 继承
  - APIView
- 属性
  - filter_backends
  - lookup_field
  - lookup_url_kwarg
  - pagination_class
  - queryset
  - serializer_class
- 方法
  - get_queryset
  - get_object
  - get_serializer
  - get_serializer_class
  - get_serializer_context
  - filter_queryset
  - paginator
    - 使用property修饰
  - paginate_queryset
  - get_paginated_response
CreateAPIView
- 继承
  - GenericAPIView
  - CreateModelMixin
- 方法
  - post
    - create
ListAPIView
- 继承
  - GenericAPIView
  - ListModelMixin
- 方法
  - get
    - list
RetrieveAPIView
- 继承
  - GenericAPIView
  - RetrieveModelMixin
- 方法
  - get
    - retrieve
DestroyAPIView
- 继承
  - GenericAPIView
  - DestroyModelMixin
- 方法
  - delete
    - destroy
UpdateAPIView
- 继承
  - GenericAPIView
  - UpdateModelMixin
- 方法
  - put
    - update
  - patch
    - partial_update
ListCreateAPIView
- 继承
  - GenericAPIView
  - ListModelMixin
  - CreateModelMixin
- 方法
  - post
    - create
  - get
    - list
RetrieveUpdateAPIView
- 继承
  - GenericAPIView
  - RetrieveModelMixin
  - UpdateModelMixin
- 方法
  - get
    - retrieve
  - put
    - update
  - patch
    - partial_update
RetrieveDestroyAPIView
- 继承
  - GenericAPIView
  - RetrieveModelMixin
  - DestroyModelMixin
- 方法
  - get
    - retrieve
  - delete
    - destroy
RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView

继承
- GenericAPIView
- RetrieveModelMixin
- UpdateModelMixin
- DestroyModelMixin
方法

get
- retrieve
put
- update
patch
- partial_update
delete

destroy

mixins

CreateModelMixin
- 函数
  - create
  - perform_create
  - get_success_headers
ListModelMixin （复数）
- 函数
  - list
RetrieveModelMixin （单数）
- 函数
  - retrieve
UpdateModelMixin （单数）
- 函数
  - update
  - perform_update
  - partial_update
DestroyModelMixin （单数）

函数

destroy
perform_destroy

用法（简单的注册登陆）

创建模型

class User(models.Model):

    u_name = models.CharField(max_length=32, unique=True)
    u_password = models.CharField(max_length=256)

    @classmethod
    def get_user(cls, u_name):
        try:
            user = User.objects.get(u_name=u_name)
            return user
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)

    def check_password(self, password):
        return self.u_password == password

生成迁移文件
创建序列化器

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ("id", "u_name", "u_password")

创建路由

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^users/', views.UsersAPIView.as_view()),
]

创建视图类

class UsersAPIView(CreateAPIView):
    queryset = User.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserSerializer

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        action = request.query_params.get("action")

        if action == "register":
            return self.do_register(request, *args, **kwargs)
        elif action == "login":
            return self.do_login(request, *args, **kwargs)
        else:
            raise APIException(detail="please supply correct action [register, login]")

    def do_register(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

        print(type(request))
        print(type(self))

        return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def do_login(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        u_name = request.data.get("u_name")
        u_password = request.data.get("u_password")

        user = User.get_user(u_name)

        if not user:
            raise APIException(detail="用户不存在")

        if not user.check_password(u_password):
            raise APIException(detail="密码错误")

        token = uuid.uuid4().hex

        # 存token

        data = {
            "msg": "ok",
            "status": HTTP_200_OK,
            "token": token
        }

        return Response(data)

mixins

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